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1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 2953:1999 ICS 21.1
2、20.40 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Mechanical vibration Balancing machines Description and evaluation Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 06:27:22 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI This British Standard, having been prepared under
3、 the direction of the Engineering Sector Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 April 2000 BSI 04-2000 ISBN 0 580 34651 X BS ISO 2953:1999 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments National foreword This British Standard rep
4、roduces verbatim ISO 2953:1999 and implements it as the UK national standard. It supersedes BS 3852-1:1979 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee GME/21, Shock and vibration, to Subcommittee GME/21/8, Balancing and balancing terminology, whic
5、h has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them
6、 in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled Inte
7、rnational Standards Correspondence Index, or by using the Find facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a Br
8、itish Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 55, and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the documen
9、t was last issued. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 06:27:22 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI A Reference number ISO 2953:1999(E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 2953 Third edition 1999-04-15 Mechanical vibration Balancing machines Description and evaluation Vibrations mca
10、niques Machines quilibrer Description et valuation Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 06:27:22 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 2953:1999(E) ii Contents Page 1 Scope1 2 Normative reference1 3 Definitions 1 4 Capacity and performance data of the machine.1 4.1 Data of
11、 horizontal machines2 4.2 Data of vertical machines.6 5 Machine features10 5.1 Principle of operation.10 5.2 Arrangement of the machine.10 5.3 Indicating system11 5.4 Plane separation system12 5.5 Setting and calibration of indication.12 5.6 Other devices13 6 Minimum achievable residual unbalance13
12、7 Production efficiency 13 7.1 General.13 7.2 Time per measuring run.14 7.3 Unbalance reduction ratio .14 8 Performance qualifying factors14 9 Installation requirements15 9.1 General.15 9.2 Electrical and pneumatic requirements15 9.3 Foundation 15 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov
13、26 06:27:22 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 2953:1999(E) iii 10 Proving rotors and test masses.15 10.1 General 15 10.2 Proving rotors.15 10.3 Test masses 17 11 Verification tests26 11.1 Requirements for performance and parameter verification.26 11.2 Duties of manufacturer and user 26
14、11.3 Requirement for weighing scale .27 11.4 Test and rechecks 27 11.5 Test speed.27 11.6 Test for minimum achievable residual unbalance (Umar test) .27 11.7 Test for unbalance reduction ratio (URR test) .31 11.8 Test for couple unbalance interference on single-plane machines 40 11.9 Compensator tes
15、t.40 11.10 Simplified tests.41 Annex A (normative) Definitions .42 Annex B (informative) Information to be supplied to the balancing machine manufacturer by the user.45 Annex C (informative) URR limit diagrams.49 Annex D (informative) Shafts of outboard proving rotors type C 52 Annex E (informative)
16、 Modification of old (ISO 2953:1985) proving rotors to this International Standard .54 Annex F (informative) Bibliography.55 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 06:27:22 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 2953:1999(E) iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for
17、 Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the
18、right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft Inte
19、rnational Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. International Standard ISO 2953 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 108, Mec
20、hanical vibration and shock, Subcommittee SC 1, Balancing, including balancing machines. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 2953:1985). It contains revised and more detailed recommendations for testing the capability of balancing machines, including outboard proving roto
21、rs and overhung test planes. It replaces the previous edition of this document. Annex A is an integral part of this International Standard. Annexes B to F are for information only. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 06:27:22 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI INTERNATIONA
22、L STANDARD ISO 2953:1999(E) 1 Mechanical vibration Balancing machines Description and evaluation 1 Scope This International Standard gives requirements for the evaluation of the performance and characteristics of machines for balancing rotating components. It stresses the importance attached to the
23、form in which the balancing machine characteristics should be specified by the manufacturers and also outlines criteria and tests for evaluating balancing machines. Adoption of the format suggested in 4.1 and 4.2 makes it easier for the user to compare products of the different manufacturers. Guidan
24、ce as to the manner in which users should state their requirements is given in annex B. Details of proving rotors, test masses and performance tests to be employed to ensure compliance with specified unbalance indicating capability are given. Tests for other machine capacities and performance parame
25、ters are not contained in this International Standard. Annex E describes recommended modifications of old ISO proving rotors. This International Standard does not specify balancing criteria; these are specified in ISO 1940-1. This International Standard is applicable to balancing machines that suppo
26、rt and rotate workpieces which are rigid at balancing speed, and that indicate the amounts and angular locations of required unbalance corrections in one or more planes. It covers both the machines that measure out-of-balance effects on soft bearings and those that measure this on hard bearings. Tec
27、hnical requirements for such balancing machines are included, however, special features, such as those associated with automatic correction, are excluded. 2 Normative reference The following standard contains provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Internation
28、al Standard. At the time of publication, the edition indicated was valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the standard indicated below. Members o
29、f IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 1925:1990, Mechanical vibration Balancing Vocabulary. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the definitions given in ISO 1925 and those given in annex A apply. 4 Capacity and performance data of
30、 the machine The manufacturer shall specify the data listed in 4.1 for horizontal or 4.2 for vertical machines respectively, as applicable, and in a similar format. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 06:27:22 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 2953:1999(E) 2 4.1 Data
31、of horizontal machines 4.1.1 Rotor mass and unbalance limitations 4.1.1.1 The maximum mass of rotor which can be balanced shall be stated over the range of balancing speeds. The maximum moment of inertia (mass (radius of gyration)2 of a rotor with respect to the shaft axis which the machine can acce
32、lerate in a stated acceleration time shall be given for the range of balancing speeds (n1, n2, .) together with the corresponding cycle rate (see table 1). Table 1 Data of horizontal machines Manufacturer: Model. Balancing speeds or speed ranges (see also 4.1.3.1)n1n2n3n4n5 Rotor mass kg maximum (se
33、e note 1) minimum Occasional overload force per support N (see note 1) Maximum negative force per support N (see note 1) Maximum rotor moment of inertia with respect to the shaft axis (see note 2) kgm2 Cycle rate (see note 2) Maximum unbalance gmm/kg or gmm measurable (see note 3) permissible a) For
34、 inboard rotors Minimum achievable residual specific unbalance, emar, gmm/kg (see note 4 and clause 6) maximum mass 0,2 max. mass minimum mass Corresponding deflection of analog amount-of- unbalance indicator, mm Number of digital units (see note 4) maximum mass 0,2 max. mass minimum mass b) For out
35、board rotors Minimum achievable residual specific unbalance, emar, gmm/kg (see note 4 and clause 6) maximum mass 0,2 max. mass minimum mass Corresponding deflection of analog amount-of- unbalance indicator, mm Number of digital units (see note 4) maximum mass 0,2 max. mass minimum mass Licensed Copy
36、: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 06:27:22 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 2953:1999(E) 3 4.1.1.2 Production efficiency (see clause 7) shall be stated, as follows. 4.1.1.2.1 Time per measuring run: a) Time for mechanical adjustment: . s b) Time for setting indicating system: s
37、 c) Time for preparation of rotor: . s d) Average acceleration time: s e) Reading time (including time to stabilize): . s f) Average deceleration time: s g) Relating readings to rotor: . s h) Other necessary time: . s i) Total time per measuring run a) to h) above: . s 4.1.1.2.2 Unbalance reduction
38、ratio for inboard rotors: % 4.1.1.2.3 Unbalance reduction ratio for outboard rotors: % 4.1.2 Rotor dimensions 4.1.2.1 Adequate envelope drawings of the pedestals and of other obstructions, such as belt-drive mechanism, shroud mounting pads, thrust arms and tie bars, shall be supplied to enable the u
39、ser to determine the maximum rotor envelope that can be accommodated and the tooling and/or adaptors required. A combination of large journal diameter and high balancing speed may result in an excessive journal peripheral speed. The maximum journal peripheral speed shall be stated. When belt drive i
40、s supplied, balancing speeds shall be stated for both the maximum and minimum diameters over which the belt can drive, or other convenient diameter. The manufacturer shall state if the axial position of the drive can be adjusted. 4.1.2.2 Rotor envelope limitations (see figure 1) shall be stated. 4.1
41、.2.3 Rotor diameter: a) Maximum diameter over bed: mm b) Maximum diameter over which belt can drive: mm c) Minimum diameter over which belt can drive: . mm 4.1.2.4 Distance between journal centrelines: a) Maximum: mm b) Minimum: . mm c) Maximum distance from coupling flange to centreline of farthest
42、 bearing: mm d) Minimum distance from coupling flange to centreline of nearest bearing: . mm Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 06:27:22 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 2953:1999(E) 4 Key 1 Shaft 2 Rotor 3 Support 4 Bed NOTE 1 If the left-hand support is not a mirr
43、or image of the right-hand support, separate dimensions shall be shown. NOTE 2 The profile of the belt-drive equipment shall be shown, if applicable. Figure 1 Example of machine support drawing illustrating rotor envelope limitations Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 06:27:22 GM
44、T+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 2953:1999(E) 5 4.1.2.5 Journal diameter: a) Maximum: mm b) Minimum: . mm Maximum permissible peripheral journal speed . m/s 4.1.2.6 Correction plane limitations (consistent with the statements in 5.4) shall be stated. 4.1.2.7 Correction plane interference
45、 ratios (consistent with the statements in 5.4 and based on the proving rotor) shall be stated. 4.1.3 Drive 4.1.3.1 Balancing speed Rated torque on workpiece r/min Nm n1 n2 n3 n4 n5 n6 n7 n8 or or steplessly variable steplessly variable from . to . 4.1.3.2 Torque (see note 5): a) Zero-speed torque:
46、% rated torque on workpiece b) Run-up torque adjustable from . to . % rated torque on workpiece c) Peak torque . % rated torque on workpiece 4.1.3.3 Type of drive to workpiece (see note 6): 4.1.3.4 Prime mover (type of motor): . a) Rated power: kW b) Motor speed: . r/min c) Power supply, voltage / f
47、requency / phase: . 4.1.3.5 Brake a) Type of brake: . b) Braking torque adjustable from to . % of rated torque Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 06:27:22 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 2953:1999(E) 6 c) Can brake be used as a holding device? Yes / No 4.1.3.6 Moto
48、r and controls in accordance with the following standard(s): . 4.1.3.7 Speed regulation provided: Accurate or constant within % of . r/min, or . r/min 4.1.4 Couple unbalance interference ratio (gmm/gmm2) . % (see note 7) 4.1.5 Air pressure requirements: . Pa; m3/s NOTE 1 The occasional overload forc
49、e need only be stated for the lowest balancing speed. It is the maximum force per support that can be accommodated by the machine without immediate damage. The negative force is the static upward force resulting from a workpiece having its centre of mass outside the bearing support. NOTE 2 Cycle rate for a given balancing speed is the number of starts and stops which the machine can perform per hour without damage to the machine when balancing a rotor of the maximum moment of inertia. NOTE 3 In general,