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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 18770:2005 Ships and marine technology Machinery-space flammable oil systems Prevention of leakage of flammable oil ICS 47.020.20 ? BS ISO 18770:2005 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 January 2006 BSI
2、30 January 2006 ISBN 0 580 47296 5 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 18770:2005 and implements it as the UK national standard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee SME/32, Ships and marine technology, to Subcommittee SME/32/3, Pip
3、ing and machinery, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue u
4、nder the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct a
5、pplication. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; mo
6、nitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pages ii to v, a blank page, pages 1 to 17 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document ind
7、icates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments Reference number ISO 18770:2005(E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 18770 First edition 2005-09-01 Ships and marine technology Machinery-space flammable oil systems Prevention of leakage of flammable oil Na
8、vires et technologie maritime Systmes dhuiles inflammables dans les salles de machines Lignes directrices pour la prvention de fuites dhuiles inflammables BS ISO 18770:2005 ii iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Terms and definitions. 1 3 General piping system considerations.
9、1 3.1 General. 1 3.2 Human element. 2 3.3 Inspection, maintenance and repairs . 2 3.4 Operational considerations . 2 4 Flexible hose and flexible-hose assemblies 3 4.1 Application 3 4.2 Design and construction 3 4.3 Installation. 3 4.4 Inspection and maintenance . 3 5 Spray shields. 4 5.1 Applicatio
10、n 4 5.2 Design 4 5.3 Inspection and maintenance . 4 6 Jacketed high-pressure fuel lines. 4 6.1 Application 4 6.2 Design 4 6.3 Inspection and maintenance . 5 7 Bellows expansion joints. 5 7.1 Application 5 7.2 Design 5 7.3 Installation, inspection and maintenance 5 8 Filters and strainers 5 8.1 Desig
11、n 5 8.2 Installation, inspection and maintenance 6 9 Insulation. 6 9.1 Design 6 9.2 Installation, inspection and maintenance 6 10 Other mechanical components. 6 10.1 Gauges. 6 10.2 Pipe connectors, joints, hangars and supports 7 11 Operational and maintenance hazards. 7 11.1 General. 7 11.2 High-pre
12、ssure pulses in fuel oil supply and spill systems 7 11.3 Design considerations . 8 11.4 Installation. 9 11.5 Maintenance and inspection procedures. 9 Annex A (informative) Installation guidelines for hose assemblies . 11 Annex B (informative) Installation guidelines for spray shields . 16 Bibliograp
13、hy. 17 BS ISO 18770:2005 iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body intereste
14、d in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Com
15、mission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the techni
16、cal committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO sh
17、all not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 18770 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 8, Ships and marine technology, Subcommittee SC 3, Piping and machinery. BS ISO 18770:2005 v Introduction Fuel oil, lubricating oil and other flammable oil system failures
18、are a major source of shipboard fires. This International Standard specifies the measures that shall be taken to reduce fires originating from machinery-space flammable oil systems, and is intended for designers, shipyard personnel, engine-room personnel, owners, operators and maintenance personnel.
19、 Requirements contained herein address the design, construction, testing, installation, maintenance and inspection of systems containing flammable oils. It is the intent of this International Standard to supplement and provide guidance in support of the following International Maritime Organization
20、circulars, with the eventual goal of replacing these circulars. MSC/Circular 647 (1994), “Guidelines to Minimize Leakages from Flammable Liquid Systems”, a supplement for SOLAS Regulation II/2-15 (“Arrangements for Flammable Oils”). It addresses several aspects of the fuel oil, lubricating oil and o
21、ther flammable oil systems, such as hoses, spray shields, insulation, connectors, joints and supports. MSC/Circular 851 (1998), “Guidelines on Engine-Room Oil Fuel Systems”, a supplement to MSC/Circular 647. This circular addresses causes of oil fuel leakage, which sometimes result in machinery spac
22、e fires. It discusses design, installation, maintenance and inspection issues, and explains some contributing factors such as frequent dismantling, short-duration pressure pulses, and vibration. BS ISO 18770:2005 blank Ships and marine technology Machinery-space flammable oil systems Prevention of l
23、eakage of flammable oil 1 Scope This International Standard specifies the measures to be taken to reduce fires originating from machinery- space flammable oil systems and to prevent leakage of flammable oil. It is intended for designers, shipyard personnel, engine-room personnel, owners, operators a
24、nd maintenance personnel. Requirements contained herein address the design, construction, testing, installation, maintenance and inspection of systems containing flammable oil. This International Standard is applicable to new and existing vessels, and is intended to be used as a supplement to the re
25、gulations for fuel oil, lubricating oil and other flammable oils contained in the International Convention for the Safety of Life At Sea (SOLAS 74), as amended, issued by the International Maritime Organization (IMO). 2 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and
26、 definitions apply. 3.1 flammable oil oil easily ignitable and burned, generally found in machinery spaces EXAMPLE fuel oil, lubricating oil, thermal oil or hydraulic oil 3.2 machinery space space, generally containing main and auxiliary propulsion equipment and associated systems, as defined in the
27、 International Convention for the Safety of Life At Sea (SOLAS 74), as amended, issued by the International Maritime Organization 3.3 hot surface surface whose temperature exceeds 220 C 3.4 electrical component switchboard, instrument panel, electrical controller, instrumentation cabinet or other sh
28、ipboard electrical equipment, whose wetting or spray by liquids could result in fire or loss of propulsion 3 General piping system considerations 3.1 General Based on past experience, it is known that the combination of flammable materials and sources of ignition is the main cause of machinery-space
29、 fires. The flammable materials involved in the majority of cases are oils, i.e. fuel oil, lubricating oil or hydraulic oil. There are many potential ignition sources in a machinery space, the BS ISO 18770:2005 1 most common being hot surfaces, e.g. exhaust pipes and steam pipes. Overheating of mach
30、inery, ignition from electrical installations due to short-circuiting or arcing of switchgear and other fault conditions can result in fire. Other frequent ignition sources are those associated with human activities, e.g. smoking, welding and grinding. 3.2 Human element The role of the human element
31、 shall always be considered. Personnel shall be properly trained and follow established procedures. Knowledge of the operation of engine fuel systems and other flammable oil systems, as well as the magnitude of pressures generated within them and hazards associated with leaks, should be included in
32、training for engineer officers. These topics should receive detailed attention when candidates sit for their Certificate of Competency examinations. 3.3 Inspection, maintenance and repairs Inspection, maintenance and repairs to flammable oil systems shall be carried out in a professional manner. Own
33、ers shall ensure that the necessary training, equipment and parts are available. Records of significant repairs and maintenance to these systems shall be noted in the engineers daily log and/or maintenance log. 3.4 Operational considerations 3.4.1 Many fires have been caused by pipe connections and
34、fittings working loose. The fuel, lubricating and hydraulic oil pipes, their fittings, connections and securing arrangements shall be routinely checked as part of a preventive maintenance plan. Care shall be taken not to overtighten fittings during checks. 3.4.2 When completing maintenance or repair
35、s to main or auxiliary engines, checks shall be made to ensure that the insulation covering hot surfaces has been properly replaced. Regular checks of the engines shall be made to confirm that the insulation is in place. 3.4.3 Any fuel, lubricating- or hydraulic-oil leak shall be dealt with promptly
36、. In the event of a major leak, every effort should be made to stop the pump or source of the oil pressure. When underway, the navigation bridge shall be immediately informed of major flammable-liquid leaks. 3.4.4 Serious fires have originated because of a failure to recognize potential hazards (suc
37、h as burning oil running out of furnace fronts onto the tank top, a spray of oil from a defective gland, joint or a fractured pipe) in areas where these may not be readily noticeable, but can be easily ignited. It is essential to avoid the dangerous situation in which a small fire could spread to wa
38、ste oil in the bilges or on tank tops, where it could rapidly spread out of control. Cleanliness is essential for safety, and a high standard of cleanliness shall always be maintained. 3.4.5 Woodwork or other readily combustible materials shall not be used in machinery spaces where flammable oil is
39、used. No combustible material shall be stored near any part of oil installations. The use of bituminous or similar flammable compounds shall be kept to a minimum in machinery and boiler spaces. 3.4.6 When repairs, however temporary, are carried out to oil lines, special attention shall be paid to fi
40、re risks. All repairs shall be adequate to prevent any danger of leakage and shall be to a standard which would endure exposure to fire. 3.4.7 If there is a leakage of fuel, lubricating or hydraulic oil, the chances of preventing the outbreak of fire or quickly extinguishing one which has started, w
41、ill be greatly improved if all affected or adjacent machinery which may have heated surfaces, including ancillaries, can be immediately shut down. The prevention of further leakage will reduce the probability of fire, or reduce the intensity of one that has already started and can help to avoid perm
42、anent disablement of the ship. BS ISO 18770:2005 2 4 Flexible hose and flexible-hose assemblies 4.1 Application The limited use of flexible hose in flammable oil systems is permitted. This clause provides guidance concerning the safe application of flexible-hose assemblies. Flexible-hose assemblies,
43、 which are flexible hoses with end fittings attached, shall be as short in length as practicable and only used where necessary to accommodate relative movement between fixed piping and machinery parts. 4.2 Design and construction Hoses shall be constructed to a recognized standard and be approved as
44、 suitable for the intended service, taking into account pressure, temperature, fluid compatibility and mechanical loading including impulses where applicable. Each hose assembly shall be provided with a certificate of hydrostatic pressure testing and conformity of production. In addition, non-metall
45、ic hoses shall be provided with a certificate of fire-resistance testing; guidance for fire-resistance testing is provided in ISO 15540 1. 4.3 Installation Hoses shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturers instruction, with regard to minimum bend radius, twist angle and orientation, as w
46、ell as support where necessary. In locations where hoses are likely to suffer external damage, adequate protection shall be provided. After installation, the system shall be operated at maximum working pressure and checked for malfunctions and leaks. General installation guidelines are given in Figu
47、res A.1 and A.2. 4.4 Inspection and maintenance Hose assemblies shall be periodically inspected according to the manufacturers or ships maintenance programme. Results of periodic inspections shall be documented. Hose assemblies shall be replaced when there is evidence of distress likely to lead to f
48、ailure, or doubt as to their continued suitability for service. Any of the following conditions can require replacement of a hose assembly: leaks at fitting or in flexible hose; damaged, cut or abraded cover; kinked, crushed, flattened or twisted flexible hose; hardened, stiff, heat-cracked or charr
49、ed flexible hose; blistered, soft, degraded or loose cover; cracked, damaged or badly corroded fittings; fitting slippage on flexible hose. It is expected that hose assemblies may need to be replaced several times during the life of the ship. Manufacturers recommendations for maximum hose service life shall be followed. BS ISO 18770:2005 3 5 Spray shields 5.1 Application Spray shields prevent the impingement of leaked or sprayed flammable liquid onto a hot surface or other