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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 6200:1991 Implementation of ISO 6200:1991 Micrographics First generation silver-gelatin microforms of source documents Density specifications UDC 778.14:771.537.4 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:30:39 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO
2、 6200:1991 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Information and Documentation Standards Policy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 29 November 1991 BSI 12-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work o
3、n this standard: Committee reference DOT/16 Draft for comment 91/96067 DC ISBN 0 580 20261 5 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Information and Documentation Standards Policy Committee (DOT/-) to Technical Committee DOT/16,
4、upon which the following bodies were represented: British Coal Corporation British Computer Society British Library British Offshore Technology Manufacturers Alliance British Photographic Association Her Majestys Stationery Office London Borough of Bromley National Centre for Information Media and T
5、echnology (Cimtech) Standing Conference of National and University Libraries United Kingdom Association for Information and Image Management The following body was also represented in the drafting of the standard, through subcommittees and panels: Public Record Office Amendments issued since publica
6、tion Amd. No.DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:30:39 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 6200:1991 BSI 12-1999i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover National forewordii Forewordiii Text of ISO 62001 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheff
7、ieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:30:39 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 6200:1991 ii BSI 12-1999 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 6200:1991 and implements it as the UK national standard. This British Standard is published under the direction of the Informatio
8、n and Documentation Standards Policy Committee whose Technical Committee DOT/16 has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international committee any enquiries on interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor relate
9、d international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. NOTEInternational and European Standards, as well as overseas standards, are available from BSI Sales Department, BSI, Linford Wood, Milton Keynes, MK14 6LE. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary prov
10、isions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the ISO title p
11、age, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 3 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:30:39 GMT+00:00 2006, U
12、ncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:30:39 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 6200:1990(E) ii BSI 12-1999 Contents Page Forewordiii Introduction1 1Scope1 2Normative references1 3Definitions1 4Measurement of the visual diffuse density of micr
13、oforms2 Annex A (informative) Conformity of densitometers with ISO 53 Table 1 Recommended background densities2 Descriptors: Micrographics, photographic film, microcopies, radiant flux density, specifications, tests. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:30:39 GMT+00:00 2006, Unc
14、ontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 6200:1990(E) BSI 12-1999iii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees
15、. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the Intern
16、ational Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bo
17、dies casting a vote. International Standard ISO 6200 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 171, Micrographics and optical memories for document and image recording, storage and use. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 6200:1979) which has been technically revised. An
18、nex A of this International Standard is for information only. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:30:39 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iv blank Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:30:39 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 6200:1990(E
19、) BSI 12-19991 Introduction The quality of microforms must be sufficient to guarantee that the information they contain does not give rise to any error of interpretation during operation. It is therefore essential that, on one hand, the documents likely to be reproduced meet the micrographic require
20、ments, and on the other hand, that certain criteria be observed. Density measurement of films and microimages allows good results to be obtained during operation. The density is usually measured on sample images. If the densities do not appear to be uniform, it is recommended that further measuremen
21、ts be made at different places. 1 Scope This International Standard specifies the method for measuring densities of first generation silver-gelatin microforms. It also lays down the values of densities to be used according to the documents reproduced and the operating means. It applies to source doc
22、ument negative-appearing microforms only. It applies neither to microforms for technical drawings which are dealt with in ISO 3272-2, nor to diazo and vesicular films which are the subject of ISO 8126, nor to COM microforms which are dealt with in ISO 8514. 2 Normative references The following stand
23、ards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to
24、investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 5-1:1984, Photography Density measurements Part 1: Terms, symbols and notations. ISO 5-2:1985, Photography Dens
25、ity measurements Part 2: Geometric conditions for transmission density. ISO 5-3:1984, Photography Density measurements Part 3: Spectral conditions. ISO 3272-2:, Microfilming of technical drawings and other drawing office documents Part 2: Quality criteria and control of 35 mm silver gelatin microfil
26、ms1). ISO 6196-1:1980, Micrographics Vocabulary Section 01: General terms. ISO 6196-2:1982, Micrographics Vocabulary Section 02: Image positions and methods of recording. ISO 6196-3:1983, Micrographics Vocabulary Part 03: Film processing. ISO 6196-4:1987, Micrographics Vocabulary Part 04: Materials
27、and packaging. ISO 6196-5:1987, Micrographics Vocabulary Part 05: Quality of images, legibility, inspection. ISO 6196-6:, Micrographics Vocabulary Part 06: Equipment2). ISO 8126:1986, Micrographics Diazo and vesicular films Visual density Specifications. ISO 8514-1:, Alphanumeric computer output mic
28、roforms Quality control Part 1: Characteristics of the test slide and test data2). ISO 8514-2:, Alphanumeric computer output microforms Quality control Part 2: Method2). 3 Definitions The technical terms relating to micrographics are defined in ISO 6196. For the purposes of this International Standa
29、rd, the following definition applies. ISO visual transmission density (see ISO 5-3) density obtained when a) the spectral products of the density measuring system are the products of the relative spectral energy distribution of CIE standard illuminant A and the spectral luminous efficiency, in photo
30、pic vision V (): b) the incident flux specified for transmission density measurement is designated SH (which is the CIE standard illuminant A, modified in the red and infrared region to protect the sample and optical elements from excessive heat). 1) To be published. (Revision of ISO 3272-2:1978) 2)
31、 To be published. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:30:39 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 6200:1990(E) 2 BSI 12-1999 4 Measurement of the visual diffuse density of microforms 4.1 Method of measurement The visual diffuse density shall be measured using a densito
32、meter designed for measuring the ISO standard visual diffuse transmission density, defined in ISO 5-2 and ISO 5-3 (see Annex A). According to the functional notation in ISO 5-1, this density reads DT (90 opal; SH: u 10; VT) The sampling aperture shall have a diameter between 0,5 mm and 3,0 mm. In or
33、der to carry out the measurement, choose the sampling aperture of the densitometer having dimensions compatible with those of a uniform image on the microform. This image may be specially designed for this purpose when the microform is produced. 4.2 Values of densities The following specifications a
34、re for all gross densities, and concern microforms on clear base film. NOTE 1Some silver films have a tinted base. The difference between the densities of the tinted and untinted base shall be added to all the density values. Although the base tint does not usually modify the image contrast, these f
35、ilms result in lower brightness images on reader screens, and require slightly longer exposure time on reproduction and duplication devices. The density of unexposed areas (untinted base + fog) shall not exceed 0,16. This density may be read between frames or simulated by a uniform image, such as th
36、e one included in the technical target or in the test target. The values of background gross density of microimages shall be between 0,70 and 1,50 ensuring that, for a set of documents, the differences in background densities are as small as possible. In practice, they may be classified into five gr
37、oups, as in Table 1, according to the characteristics of the documents reproduced and the exposure conditions used. Some characters, such as Chinese and Japanese, require background density values to be decreased by 0,20 with a lower limit of 0,70. When the content of a document involves different q
38、ualities, the density to be achieved shall be dictated by the lowest quality, since high-quality documents can withstand the underexposure necessary for recording extremely faint documents. Table 1 Recommended background densities ClassificationDescription of documentsBackground density Group 1 High
39、-quality, high contrast printed books, pediodicals, and black typing1,30 to 1,50a Group 2 Fine-line originals, black opaque pencil writing, and documents with small, high contrast printing1,15 to 1,40 Group 3 Pencil and ink drawings, faded printing and very small printing, such as footnotes at the b
40、ottom of a printed page1,00 to 1,20 Group 4 Low contrast manuscripts and illustrations, graph paper with feint lines; letters typed with a worn ribbon; poorly printed, pale or coloured documents0,80 to 1,10 Group 5Poor contrast documents 0,70 to 0,85 (special exception) a When filming the recto and
41、verso of these types of document on rotary cameras, (duplex), these figures should be reduced to 1,00 to 1,30, since image show-through can cause image loss and non-clarity of information. This will be most noticeable when papers having low opacity are microfilmed. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffie
42、ldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:30:39 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 6200:1990(E) BSI 12-19993 Annex A (informative) Conformity of densitometers with ISO 5 The conformity of densitometers with ISO 5 should be verified by a qualified organization or laboratory. Densitometers should also be fi
43、tted with zero adjustment and linearity adjustment devices for checking the density scale. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:30:39 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 6200:1991 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL BSI British Standards Institution BSI is the
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