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1、DRAFT FOR DEVELOPMENT DD CEN ISO/TS 12181-2:2007 Geometrical product specifications (GPS) Roundness Part 2: Specification operators ICS 17.040.20 ? Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, South Bank University, 16/11/2008 11:51, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI DD CEN ISO/TS 12181-2:2007 This Draft f
2、or Development was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2008 BSI 2008 ISBN 978 0 580 57989 9 National foreword This Draft for Development is the UK implementation of CEN ISO/TS 12181-2:2007. This publication is not to be regarded as a British Sta
3、ndard. It is being issued in the Draft for Development series of publications and is of a provisional nature. It should be applied on this provisional basis, so that information and experience of its practical application can be obtained. Comments arising from the use of this Draft for Development a
4、re requested so that UK experience can be reported to the European organization responsible for its conversion to a European standard. A review of this publication will be initiated not later than three years after its publication by the European organization so that a decision can be taken on its s
5、tatus. Notification of the start of the review period will be made in an announcement in the appropriate issue of Update Standards. According to the replies received by the end of the review period, the responsible BSI Committee will decide whether to support the conversion into a European Standard,
6、 to extend the life of the Technical Specification or to withdraw it. Comments should be sent to the Secretary of the responsible BSI Technical Committee at British Standards House, 389 Chiswick High Road, London W4 4AL. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee TD
7、W/4, Technical product realization (TPR). A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Amendments/corrigen
8、da issued since publication DateComments Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, South Bank University, 16/11/2008 11:51, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION SPCIFICATION TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION CEN ISO/TS 12181-2 December 2007 ICS 17.040.20 English Version Geometrical
9、 product specifications (GPS) - Roundness - Part 2: Specification operators (ISO/TS 12181-2:2003) Spcification gomtrique des produits (GPS) - Circularit - Partie 2: Oprateurs de spcification (ISO/TS 12181- 2:2003) Geometrische Produktspezifikation (GPS) - Rundheit - Teil 2: Spezifikationsoperatoren
10、(ISO/TS 12181-2:2003) This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 8 October 2007 for provisional application. The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit their comments, particularly on the
11、 question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard. CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national st
12、andards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS) until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, I
13、celand, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue
14、 de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2007 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. CEN ISO/TS 12181-2:2007: E Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, South Bank University, 16/11/2008 11:51, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Foreword
15、The text of ISO/TS 12181-2:2003 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 213 “Dimensional and geometrical product specifications and verification” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as CEN ISO/TS 12181-2:2007 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 290 “
16、Dimensional and geometrical product specification and verification” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or
17、 all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hung
18、ary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO/TS 12181-2:2003 has been approved by CEN as a CEN ISO/TS 12181-2:2007 without
19、any modification. CEN ISO/TS 12181-2:2007 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, South Bank University, 16/11/2008 11:51, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iii Contents Page Introduction iv 1 Scope1 2 Normative references .1 3 Terms and definitions.1 4 Complete specification operator.1 5 Compliance w
20、ith specification 5 Annex A (informative) Harmonic content of nominally round workpiece 6 Annex B (informative) Relation to the GPS matrix model 8 Bibliography .10 CEN ISO/TS 12181-2:2007 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, South Bank University, 16/11/2008 11:51, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI
21、 iv Introduction This part of ISO/TS 12181 is a geometrical product specification (GPS) Technical Specification and is to be regarded as a general GPS document (see ISO/TR 14638). It influences chain link 3 of the chain of standards on form of line independent of datum. For more detailed information
22、 on the relation of this part of ISO/TS 12181 to other standards and the GPS matrix model, see Annex B. This part of ISO/TS 12181 specifies the specification operators according to ISO/TS 17450-2 for roundness of integral features. At the current state of development, ISO/TC 213 has not been able to
23、 reach a consensus on defaults for filter UPR, probe tip radius and method of association (reference circle). This means that a roundness specification should explicitly state which values are to be used for these specification operations in order for it to be unique. Consequently, if a specificatio
24、n does not explicitly state which values are to be used for one or more of these operators, the specification is uncertain (see ISO/TS 17450-2) and a supplier can use any value for the operator(s) not specified when proving conformance. Extracting data will always involve applying a certain filterin
25、g process. An additional filtering of the extracted data may or may not be applied. This additional filter can be a mean line filter (Gaussian, spline, wavelet, etc.) or a non-linear filter (e.g. morphological filter). The type of filtering will influence the definition of roundness and the specific
26、ation operators and, therefore, needs to be stated unambiguously. NOTE 1 Stylus filtering is not sufficient on its own to smooth a profile. In certain circumstances it can create spurious high-frequency content, thus giving incorrect values. To correct this, a longwave pass filter is employed. A Gau
27、ssian filter is used, since this is the current state-of-the-art in ISO standards. This filter has some shortcomings, e.g. it can distort, rather than eliminate some roughness features and it can distort, rather than transmit correctly some waviness features. It is envisioned that new filters under
28、development within ISO will provide better solutions for several of these issues. NOTE 2 If a smaller tip radius than the one specified is used for a given cut-off length, the resulting measured value will generally be higher. This effect is usually insignificant. If a larger tip radius is used, the
29、 resulting measured value will generally be lower. The amount of change is heavily dependent on the surface measured. NOTE 3 The measuring force of zero N is chosen to eliminate effects of elastic deformation of the workpiece from the specification operator. On metal surfaces with adequate thickness
30、, the effect of normally occurring measuring forces will be negligible. NOTE 4 Aliasing and other problems during extraction (see Annex A) due to the higher harmonic content of the skin model, in the roundness directions, can cause specification uncertainty. This part of ISO/TS 12181 is not intended
31、 to disallow any means of measuring roundness. CEN ISO/TS 12181-2:2007 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, South Bank University, 16/11/2008 11:51, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 1 Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) Roundness Part 2: Specification operators 1 Scope This part of ISO/TS 121
32、81 specifies the complete specification operator for roundness of integral features only and covers complete roundness profiles only, i.e. geometrical characteristics of features of the type circle. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of th
33、is document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 11562:1996, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) Surface texture: Profile method Metrological characteristics of phase
34、correct filters ISO/TS 12181-1:2003 Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) Roundness Part 1: Vocabulary and parameters of roundness ISO 14253-1:1998, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS Inspection by measurement of workpieces and measuring equipment Part 1: Decision rules for proving conforman
35、ce or non-conformance with specifications ISO/TS 17450-2:2002, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) General concepts Part 2: Basic tenets, specification, operators and uncertainties 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this part of ISO/TS 12181, the terms and definitions given in ISO/TS 1
36、2181-1 and ISO/TS 17450-2 apply. 4 Complete specification operator 4.1 General The complete specification operator (see ISO/TS 17450-2) is a full ordered set of unambiguous specification operations in a well-defined order. The complete specification operator defines the transmission band for the rou
37、ndness profile, together with an appropriate stylus tip geometry. CEN ISO/TS 12181-2:2007 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, South Bank University, 16/11/2008 11:51, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 2 4.2 Transmission band 4.2.1 Longwave-pass filter The longwave-pass filter shall be a phase corr
38、ect filter (according to ISO 11562) transmitting waves from 1 UPR and attenuating profile undulations progressively in the undulation region around the cut-off frequency (in UPR) (see Figure 1). Key X undulations per revolution, UPR Y transmission, UPR NOTE Other filter values than those shown in th
39、is figure can be used if necessary for the application. Figure 1 Transmission characteristic for longwave-pass filter having cut-off frequencies fc = 15 UPR; 50 UPR; 150 UPR; 500 UPR; 1 500 UPR The attenuation function is given by: 2 c1 0 f fa e a = where ( )ln 2 0,4697 = a0 = amplitude of sine wave
40、 undulation before filtering; a1 = amplitude of this sine wave undulation after filtering; fc = cut-off frequency (in UPR) of the longwave-pass filter; f = frequency of the sine wave (in UPR). CEN ISO/TS 12181-2:2007 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, South Bank University, 16/11/2008 11:5
41、1, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 3 4.2.2 Shortwave-pass filter The shortwave-pass filter shall be a phase correct filter (according to ISO 11562) attenuating waves from 1 UPR up to the cut-off frequency (in UPR). It transmits undulations shorter than the cut-off frequency (in UPR) (see Figure 2). Key X
42、 undulations per revolution, UPR Y transmission, UPR NOTE Other filter values than those shown in this figure can be used if necessary for the application. Figure 2 Transmission characteristic for shortwave-pass filter having cut-off frequencies fc = 15 UPR; 50 UPR; 150 UPR The attenuation function
43、is given by: c 0 2 2 1 f fa e a = where ( )ln 2 0,469 7 = a0 = amplitude of sine wave undulation before filtering; a2 = amplitude of this sine wave after filtering; fc = cut-off frequency (in UPR) of the longwave-pass filter; f = frequency of the sine wave (in UPR). CEN ISO/TS 12181-2:2007 Licensed
44、Copy: London South Bank University, South Bank University, 16/11/2008 11:51, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 4 4.2.3 Limiting UPR values The wave filter determines the range of periodic sinusoidal undulations per revolution (UPR) of the feature included in the roundness assessment. The range is terminate
45、d by values taken from Table 1. Table 1 also gives the minimum number of sample points to be used for the extracted circumferential line and the minimum ratio between the feature diameter and the tip radius (d:r) needed to avoid distortion of the roundness profile from the influence of the stylus ti
46、p. Table 1 Limiting values of UPR Longwave-pass filters Filter transmitting from 1 UPR to Minimum number of sample points Minimum d:r ratioa 15 105 5 50 350 15 150 1 050 50 500 3 500 150 1 500 10 500 500 a The d:r ratio is the ratio between the diameter d of the reference circle and the radius r of
47、the stylus tip. If the d:r ratio is less than the value stated, the high UPR undulations of the feature within the transmission band will be distorted by the influence of the stylus tip. If a shortwave-pass filter is specified, a longwave-pass filter shall also be specified in conjunction therewith,
48、 in order to have a well-defined UPR transmission band NOTE 1 A characteristic of both analog and digital wave filters is that the ratio is dependent only on the wavelength, and it is independent of amplitude, in contrast to mechanical filtering methods (for example by the stylus) which are influenc
49、ed by wavelength and also by amplitude. NOTE 2 If a longwave-pass filter is not specified, the assessed roundness deviations will not be comparable. The tip radius will then often act as an undefined longwave-pass filter. In many measuring instruments, this is a built-in maximum longwave-pass filter which will react if no other settings are made. The number of samples and minimum d:r ratio indicated for the longwave-pass filter apply. E