《DD-CEN-TS-15149-1-2006.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《DD-CEN-TS-15149-1-2006.pdf（16页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、DRAFT FOR DEVELOPMENT DD CEN/TS 15149-1:2006 Solid biofuels Methods for the determination of particle size distribution Part 1: Oscillating screen method using sieve apertures of 3,15 mm and above ICS 75.160.10 ? Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Tue Dec 12 0
2、5:39:46 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI DD CEN/TS 15149-1:2006 This Draft for Development was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 1 March 2006 BSI 1 March 2006 ISBN 0 580 47882 3 National foreword This Draft for Development is the official Engli
3、sh language version of CEN/TS 15149-1:2006. This publication is not to be regarded as a British Standard. It is being issued in the Draft for Development series of publications and is of a provisional nature. It should be applied on this provisional basis, so that information and experience of its p
4、ractical application may be obtained. Comments arising from the use of this Draft for Development are requested so that UK experience can be reported to the European organization responsible for its conversion to a European standard. A review of this publication will be initiated 2 years after its p
5、ublication by the European organization so that a decision can be taken on its status at the end of its 3-year life. Notification of the start of the review period will be made in an announcement in the appropriate issue of Update Standards. According to the replies received by the end of the review
6、 period, the responsible BSI Committee will decide whether to support the conversion into a European standard, to extend the life of the Technical Specification or to withdraw it. Comments should be sent in writing to the Secretary of BSI Technical Committee PTI/17, Solid biofuels, at British Standa
7、rds House, 389 Chiswick High Road, London W4 4AL, giving the document reference and clause number and proposing, where possible, an appropriate revision of the text. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standa
8、rds which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This
9、publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the CEN/TS title page, pages 2 to 12, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI c
10、opyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Tue Dec 12 05:39:46 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI TECHNICAL SPECIF
11、ICATION SPCIFICATION TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION CEN/TS 15149-1 January 2006 ICS 75.160.10 English Version Solid biofuels - Methods for the determination of particle size distribution - Part 1: Oscillating screen method using sieve apertures of 3,15 mm and above Combustibles solides - Mthode
12、de dtermination de la granularit - Partie 1 : Mthode au tamis oscillant, douverture de mailles gale ou suprieure 3,15 mm Feste Biobrennstoffe - Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Teilchengrenverteilung - Teil 1: Rttelsiebverfahren mit Sieb-Lochgren von 3,15 mm und darber This Technical Specification (CEN/
13、TS) was approved by CEN on 4 June 2005 for provisional application. The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit their comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a Europe
14、an Standard. CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS) until the fina
15、l decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherl
16、ands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2006 CENAll rights of exploitation i
17、n any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. CEN/TS 15149-1:2006: E Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Tue Dec 12 05:39:46 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 2 Contents Page Foreword 3 Introduction4 1 Scope.5 2 Norm
18、ative references .5 3 Terms and definitions.5 4 Principle.6 5 Apparatus6 6 Sample preparation.7 7 Procedure8 8 Calculation.9 9 Precision and bias 11 10 Test report.11 Bibliography.12 CEN/TS 15149-1:2006 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Tue Dec 12 05:39:46 GM
19、T+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 3 Foreword This Technical Specification (CEN/TS 15149-1:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 335 “Solid Biofuels”, the secretariat of which is held by SIS. CEN/TS 15149 consists of the following parts under the general title Solid biofuels -
20、Methods for the determination of particle size distribution: Part 1: Oscillating screen method using sieve apertures of 3,15 mm and above Part 2: Vibrating screen method using sieve apertures of 3,15 mm and below Part 3: Rotary screen method According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the nat
21、ional standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, P
22、ortugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN/TS 15149-1:2006 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Tue Dec 12 05:39:46 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 4 Introduction Part 1 describes the reference method for
23、size classification of samples with a nominal top size of 3,15 mm and over. Part 2 describes the reference methods for all samples with a nominal top size below 3,15 mm. Part 3 describes an innovative method, by which the degree of overestimating the fine particle fractions is reduced. As it is curr
24、ently not generally available, it is here proposed, for research and development purposes or for individual quality management processes, that the quality requirements are bilaterally defined between the suppliers and consumers based on this method. NOTE The nominal top size is defined as the apertu
25、re size of the sieve where at least 95 % by mass of the material passes (see Bibliography). CEN/TS 15149-1:2006 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Tue Dec 12 05:39:46 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 5 1 Scope This Technical Specification specifies a
26、 method for the determination of the size distribution of particulate biofuels by the oscillating screen method. The method described is meant for particulate biofuels only, namely materials that either have been reduced in size, such as most wood fuels, or are physically in a particulate form, e.g.
27、 olive stones, nut shells, grain, etc. This document applies to particulate compressed and uncompressed fuels with a nominal top size of 3,15 mm and over,e.g. wood chips, hog fuel, olive stones etc. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of th
28、is document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. CEN/TS 14588:2003, Solid biofuels Terminology, definitions and descriptions CEN/TS 14778-1, Solid biofuels Sampling Part 1: Met
29、hods for sampling CEN/TS 14778-2, Solid biofuels Sampling Part 2: Method for sampling particulate material transported in lorries CEN/TS 14779, Solid biofuels Sampling Methods for preparing sampling plans and sampling certificates CEN/TS 14780, Solid biofuels Methods for sample preparation CEN/TS 14
30、774-1, Solid biofuels Methods for determination of moisture content Oven dry method, Part 1: Total moisture Reference method CEN/TS 14774-2, Solid biofuels Methods for determination of moisture content Oven dry method, Part 2: Total moisture Simplified procedure CEN/TS 15149-2, Solid biofuels - Meth
31、ods for the determination of particle size distribution - Part 2: Vibrating screen method using sieve apertures of 3,15 mm and below ISO 3310-2 Test sieves Technical requirements and testing Part 2. Test sieves of perforated metal plate 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this Technical Spec
32、ification, the terms and definitions given in CEN/TS 14588:2003 apply. 3.1 nominal top size aperture size of the sieve where at least 95 % by mass of the material passes CEN/TS 15149-1:2006 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Tue Dec 12 05:39:46 GMT+00:00 2006,
33、 Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 6 4 Principle A sample is subjected to sieving through horizontally oscillating sieves, sorting the particles in decreasing size classes by either manual or mechanical means. 5 Apparatus 5.1 Sieves For the test, an appropriate number of either circular or rectangular siev
34、es with a minimum effective sieve area of 1200 cm2 is required. The geometry of the apertures, the thickness of the sieves, the hole distances and the diameter of the holes shall be in accordance with the requirements of ISO 3310-2. The frame of the sieves shall have a height that enable the sieves
35、to contain the sample and allows a free movement of the sample during the sieving process. NOTE 1 For materials with a nominal top size of less than 10 mm an effective sieve area of less than 1200 cm2 is adequate. The number of sieves and the aperture sizes of the sieves shall be chosen according to
36、 the size specification of the sample material. NOTE 2 It is recommended to use sieves with hole diameters of 3,15 mm, 16 mm, 45 mm and 63 mm, if the measurement aims at the determination of conformity with CEN/TS 14961. For further resolution in the size distribution and for avoiding any overloadin
37、g of one fraction the addition of an 8 mm sieve to the sieve set is also recommended. For further size distribution determination of the fraction that passes the last sieve see CEN/TS 15149-2. 5.2 Collecting pan For collecting of material passing through the sieves, a collecting pan of adequate size
38、 is required. 5.3 Mechanical oscillating equipment If a mechanical device is used the shaking operation shall be horizontally oscillating (one or two dimensional), using an appropriate stroke-frequency according to the type of material. For principle drawing of a mechanical oscillator see Figure 1.
39、NOTE Be aware that a too low shaking frequency may lead to incomplete particle separation. The minimum shaking frequency can be determined by pre-tests. CEN/TS 15149-1:2006 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Tue Dec 12 05:39:46 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Cop
40、y, (c) BSI 7 Key 1 Increasing hole diameters 2 Material addition 3 Material flow direction Figure 1: Principle of the sieving operation 5.4 Balance A balance capable of measuring the mass of the sample to be sieved to the nearest 0,1 g. 6 Sample preparation 6.1 Sample size The minimum size of the te
41、st sample for the determination of the size distribution shall be 8 l and shall have been sampled according to CEN/TS 14778-1, CEN/TS 14778-2 and CEN/TS 14779. For fine grade biofuels, where 100 % of the particles pass the sieve holes of 45 mm diameter, a smaller sample size of minimum 4 l can be us
42、ed. NOTE The sample should include material for determination of size distribution and moisture content. Depending on the size of the sieves the test sample may have to be divided into several sub samples, which are processed in sequential sieving operations. This is to ensure that the filling heigh
43、t on the upper sieve shall never exceed 5 cm. This procedure of sequential processing also applies, if a larger sample than the above given 8 l is processed. 6.2 Sample preparation The sample shall be sieved at a moisture content below 20 % wet base, thus preventing the particles from sticking toget
44、her or loosing moisture during the sieving process. If necessary the sample has to be pre-dried. Drying is done according to normative reference CEN/TS 14780. CEN/TS 15149-1:2006 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Tue Dec 12 05:39:46 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontroll
45、ed Copy, (c) BSI 8 NOTE By pre-drying, as described in CEN/TS 14780, the sample is brought into equilibrium with the humidity of the surrounding atmosphere. Determine the moisture content of the material to be sieved on a separate sub-sample following the procedure given in CEN/TS 14774-1 or CEN/TS
46、14774-2. The moisture content shall be determined and reported concurrently with the particle size distribution determination. 7 Procedure 7.1 Manual sieving Place the sieve with the largest aperture size on the collecting pan. Weigh the sample to the nearest 0,1 g. Spread the sample (sub-sample) in
47、 an even layer and start sieving. The sieving procedure shall be terminated when no further notable passing takes place. NOTE 1 For smaller sieves it may be convenient to combine two or more sieves in the same sieving operation The particles passing through the sieve are collected in the collecting
48、pan. Spread the content in the collecting pan in an even layer on the subsequent sieve and repeat the operation. Weigh the retained net material on each sieve and in the collecting pan after sieving with the sieve with the smallest aperture size with an accuracy of 0,1 g and record the masses in a s
49、cheme equal to Table 1. In the case that a particle sticks in a sieving hole, it shall be removed and added to the fraction, which remained on the sieve (as if it did not pass the hole). NOTE 2 Avoid loosing particles from the screens. This can be done by proper sealing between the trays and by the use of top cover. All particles larger than 100 mm (maximum dimension) shall be hand sorted into one or more fractions regardless from which sieve or co