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1、DRAFT FOR DEVELOPMENT DD CEN/TS 15680:2007 Prefabricated timber stairs Mechanical test methods ICS 91.060.30 ? Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Feb 15 07:19:12 GMT+00:00 2008, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI DD CEN/TS 15680:2007 This Draft for Development was
2、 published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2008 BSI 2008 ISBN 978 0 580 58696 5 National foreword This Draft for Development is the UK implementation of CEN/TS 15680:2007. This publication is not to be regarded as a British Standard. It is being issue
3、d in the Draft for Development series of publications and is of a provisional nature. It should be applied on this provisional basis, so that information and experience of its practical application can be obtained. Comments arising from the use of this Draft for Development are requested so that UK
4、experience can be reported to the European organization responsible for its conversion to a European standard. A review of this publication will be initiated not later than 3 years after its publication by the European organization so that a decision can be taken on its status. Notification of the s
5、tart of the review period will be made in an announcement in the appropriate issue of Update Standards. According to the replies received by the end of the review period, the responsible BSI Committee will decide whether to support the conversion into a European Standard, to extend the life of the T
6、echnical Specification or to withdraw it. Comments should be sent to the Secretary of the responsible BSI Technical Committee at British Standards House, 389 Chiswick High Road, London W4 4AL. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/543, Round and sawn timber.
7、A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Amendments issued since publication DateComments Licensed Cop
8、y: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Feb 15 07:19:12 GMT+00:00 2008, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION SPCIFICATION TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION CEN/TS 15680 November 2007 ICS 91.060.30 English Version Prefabricated timber stairs - Mechanical test
9、 methods Escaliers prfabriqus en bois - Mthodes dessai mcaniques Vorgefertigte Holztreppen - Mechanische Prfverfahren This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 24 September 2007 for provisional application. The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years.
10、 After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit their comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard. CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available p
11、romptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS) until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgiu
12、m, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR S
13、TANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2007 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. CEN/TS 15680:2007: E Licensed Copy: London South B
14、ank University, London South Bank University, Fri Feb 15 07:19:12 GMT+00:00 2008, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 2 Contents Page Foreword5 Introduction.6 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references6 3 Terms and definitions .7 4 Determination of mechanical strength of balusters under static load on prefabricated ra
15、iling system : handrails or balustrades .7 4.1 General7 4.2 Principle7 4.3 Equipment 7 4.4 Conditioning.9 4.5 Sampling.9 4.6 Procedure .9 4.7 Results10 5 Determination of mechanical strength under distributed static load of prefabricated systems : handrails or balustrades .10 5.1 General10 5.2 Princ
16、iple10 5.3 Equipment 10 5.3.1 Support structure.10 5.3.2 Distributed load application system10 5.4 Conditioning.11 5.5 Sampling.11 5.6 Procedure .11 5.7 Calculated value.11 5.8 Test results.12 6 Determination of mechanical strength under dynamic loads of prefabricated systems : handrails or balustra
17、des.12 6.1 General12 6.2 Principle12 6.3 Equipment 12 6.3.1 Support structure.12 6.3.2 Hanging impact body system.12 6.3.3 Survey system13 6.4 Conditioning.13 6.5 Sampling.13 6.6 Procedure .13 6.7 Results14 7 Determination of mechanical strength under vertical static load on handrails14 7.1 General1
18、4 7.2 Principle14 7.3 Equipment 14 7.4 Conditioning.14 7.5 Sampling.15 7.6 Procedure .15 7.7 Results15 CEN/TS 15680:2007 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Feb 15 07:19:12 GMT+00:00 2008, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 3 8 Determination of mechanical strength
19、under concentrated static loads on panels of prefebricated systems: handrails or balustrades15 8.1 General .15 8.2 Principle16 8.3 Equipment16 8.3.1 Support structure 16 8.3.2 Virtually rigid anchorage system.16 8.3.3 Loading application and measurement system.16 8.3.4 Survey system .16 8.4 Conditio
20、ning 16 8.5 Sampling.16 8.6 Procedure.16 8.7 Results17 9 Determination of load bearing capacity for flights of stairs.17 9.1 General .17 9.2 Principle17 9.3 Equipment18 9.3.1 Support structure 18 9.3.2 Distributed load application system18 9.4 Conditioning 18 9.5 Sampling.18 9.6 Procedure.18 9.7 Cha
21、racteristic value 18 9.8 Results19 10 Determination of flight deflection under distributed static load 19 10.1 General .19 10.2 Principle19 10.3 Equipment19 10.3.1 Support structure 19 10.3.2 Load application system.19 10.3.3 Survey system .19 10.4 Conditioning 19 10.5 Sampling.19 10.6 Procedure.20
22、10.7 Results20 11 Determination of mechanical strength under dynamic loads on steps included in flights or on flights of stairs in prefebricated stairs20 11.1 General .20 11.2 Principle20 11.3 Equipment20 11.3.1 Support structure 20 11.3.2 Hanging impact body system 21 11.3.3 Survey system .21 11.4
23、Conditioning 21 11.5 Sampling.21 11.6 Procedure.21 11.7 Results21 12 Determination of bending strength of steps of prefabricated stairs .21 12.1 General .21 12.2 Principle22 12.3 Equipment22 12.3.1 Support structure 22 12.3.2 Load application and measurement system.22 12.3.3 Survey system .22 12.4 C
24、onditioning 22 12.5 Sampling.22 12.6 Procedure.22 CEN/TS 15680:2007 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Feb 15 07:19:12 GMT+00:00 2008, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 4 12.7 Characteristic value.23 12.8 Results23 13 Determination of step deflection under vertic
25、al static load23 13.1 General23 13.2 Principle23 13.3 Equipment 23 13.3.1 Support structure.23 13.3.2 Load application and measurement system.23 13.3.3 Survey system24 13.4 Conditioning.24 13.5 Sampling.24 13.6 Procedure .24 13.7 Results24 14 Test laboratory.24 Annex A (informative) Examples of calc
26、ulation on ultimate limit states.25 A.1 Test until failure.25 A.1.1 Examples with 3 series .25 A.1.2 Example with 10 series .26 A.2 Test without failure28 A.2.1 Example with 3 series .28 A.2.2 Example with 10 series .28 Bibliography29 CEN/TS 15680:2007 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, Lo
27、ndon South Bank University, Fri Feb 15 07:19:12 GMT+00:00 2008, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 5 Foreword This document (CEN/TS 15680:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 175 “Round and sawn timber”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. Attention is drawn to the possibility that s
28、ome of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to an
29、nounce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Swit
30、zerland and United Kingdom. CEN/TS 15680:2007 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Feb 15 07:19:12 GMT+00:00 2008, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 6 Introduction There are a number of methods of evaluating the mechanical performance of stairs. These include: - te
31、sting, - calculation, - conventional accepted performance. All methods have equal validity. This standard identifies a number of possible test methods which can be used. 1 Scope This Technical Specification gives test methods for prefabricated timber stairs. These stairs are made from timber and/or
32、wood-based materials. The methods included in this document can also be used for single components used in stairs (e.g. steps, handrails, balusters, ). This document does not consider the overall structure design of these elements. Stairs that are designed to contribute to the overall stability of t
33、he works or to the strength of the structure are not covered by this standard. The surfaces of the timber elements may be exposed or covered by finishes. NOTE 1 Where stairs are supplied with a finish or covering, some basic characteristics will not be covered by this standard and references should
34、be made to the appropriate product standard (e.g. colour fastness of carpet finishes) NOTE 2 Where the term “stair“ is used in this document, it may also apply to individual element or component where appropriate Tests can be carried out on a complete fully assembled system according to manufacturer
35、 installation instructions or on individual components. A fully assembled stair test cannot be used to evaluate individual components. There is no particular hierarchy of sequences or the need to carry out all the tests. NOTE The nature of used tests and elements can be given by national regulations
36、. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 1991-1-1, Eurocode 1
37、: Actions on structures Part 1-1:General actions Densities, self-weight, imposed loads for buildings CEN/TS 15680:2007 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Feb 15 07:19:12 GMT+00:00 2008, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 7 EN 14076 : 2004, Timber stairs Terminolog
38、y PrEN 15644 : 2007, Traditionally designed prefabricated stairs made of solid wood Specifications and requirements. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 14076:2004 and in prEN 15644:2007 apply. 4 Determination of mechanical strength of bal
39、usters under static load on prefabricated railing system : handrails or balustrades 4.1 General This test provides a method to determine mechanical strength under concentrated static load of balusters made also with different materials, being a part of prefabricated railing system, handrails or balu
40、strades. This test applies to all handrails or balustrades of any material used for their construction, as usually installed and used, according to producer recommendations, in a construction. It does not apply to handrails or balustrades made on site and/or installed with building works. 4.2 Princi
41、ple Application of a concentrated load on a standardized conical element put between two balusters, checking deformations and possible breaks of these elements and their anchorages. NOTE The conical element is the concentrated load application device made with rigid material ( for wood 700 kg/m3), c
42、one-shaped or frustum of cone, with 30 summit angle and base diameter 200 mm. 4.3 Equipment 4.3.1 A support structure which is composed by rigid frame to fix the components system of, balustrade or handrail , according to producer instruction : such a frame shall allow the installation of different
43、components in horizontal or vertical position (balustrade or handrail), see Figure 1. CEN/TS 15680:2007 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Feb 15 07:19:12 GMT+00:00 2008, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 8 Figure 1 Example of a support structure CEN/TS 15680:200
44、7 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Feb 15 07:19:12 GMT+00:00 2008, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 9 4.3.2 Virtually rigid anchorage system of upper element of handrail or balustrade. 4.3.3 Concentrated load application system including cone-shape or frustum
45、of cone interposed element as above-mentioned 4.4 Conditioning Temperature and air humidity of the laboratory shall be specified in test report. 4.5 Sampling For 3 tests, the sampling is composed at least by 6 balusters. 4.6 Procedure For individual components, tested system shall be fixed into the
46、support structure; The top of the tested element, next to load application point of the balusters, shall be locked, to avoid deformations during load application; Put load application system, so that the interposition cone is placed between two balusters on the worst position, typically closest to t
47、he half of their height, measured between the lowest and the upper anchorage; Apply the load according to tested elements use (see prEN 15644:2007, Table A.3); load application shall be progressive (not less than 5 s) and in direction towards the external side of the balustrade or handrail (see Figu
48、re 2) and maintain for 15 minutes ; Measure the largest distance between the two balusters, within 2 minutes of load application and at the end of the test or note the damage, if any, at the level checked or done ; The test shall be repeated for each sample (at least 3 pairs of balusters). Figure 2
49、Example of load application CEN/TS 15680:2007 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Feb 15 07:19:12 GMT+00:00 2008, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 10 4.7 Results At the end of the test, check and record any possible deterioration on tested element which compromise its integrity and it functionality : damages of each component of element or relevant anchorage system; Specify equipment used; Record deformation in each measurement point a