《DD-CEN-TS-15440-2006.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《DD-CEN-TS-15440-2006.pdf（46页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、DRAFT FOR DEVELOPMENT DD CEN/TS 15440:2006 Solid recovered fuels Method for the determination of biomass content ICS 75.160.10 ? Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Thu Mar 01 09:14:44 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI DD CEN/TS 15440:2006 This Draft f
2、or Development was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 28 February 2007 BSI 2007 ISBN 978 0 580 50258 3 National foreword This Draft for Development was published by BSI. It is the UK implementation of CEN/TS 15440:2006. This publication is not to be regar
3、ded as a British Standard. It is being issued in the Draft for Development series of publications and is of a provisional nature. It should be applied on this provisional basis, so that information and experience of its practical application can be obtained. Comments arising from the use of this Dra
4、ft for Development are requested so that UK experience can be reported to the European organization responsible for its conversion to a European standard. A review of this publication will be initiated not later than 3 years after its publication by the European organization so that a decision can b
5、e taken on its status. Notification of the start of the review period will be made in an announcement in the appropriate issue of Update Standards. According to the replies received by the end of the review period, the responsible BSI Committee will decide whether to support the conversion into a Eu
6、ropean Standard, to extend the life of the Technical Specification or to withdraw it. Comments should be sent to the Secretary of the responsible BSI Technical Committee at British Standards House, 389 Chiswick High Road, London W4 4AL. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Techni
7、cal Committee PTI/17, Solid biofuels. A list of organizations represented on PTI/17 can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Amendments issued since publica
8、tion Amd. No. DateComments Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Thu Mar 01 09:14:44 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION SPCIFICATION TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION CEN/TS 15440 November 2006 ICS 75.160.10 English Version Solid
9、recovered fuels - Method for the determination of biomass content Combustibles solides de rcupration - Mthode de dtermination de la teneur en biomasse Feste Sekundrbrennstoffe - Verfahren zur Bestimmung des Gehaltes an Biomasse This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 13 May 2006
10、 for provisional application. The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit their comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard. CEN members are required
11、to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS) until the final decision about the possible conversi
12、on of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romani
13、a, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2006 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved w
14、orldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. CEN/TS 15440:2006: E Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Thu Mar 01 09:14:44 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 2 Contents Page Foreword3 Introduction.4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references5 3 Terms and definition
15、s .6 4 Symbols and abbreviations8 5 Principle8 6 Selection of method for determination of biomass content .8 Annex A (normative) Materials considered as CO2-neutral11 Annex B (normative) Determination of biomass content using the selective dissolution method12 Annex C (normative) Determination of bi
16、omass content using the manual sorting method .17 Annex D (normative) Determination of the biomass content in percent by calorific value 25 Annex E (normative) Determination of the total carbon content of the biomass and non-biomass fraction by selective dissolution29 Annex F (informative) Determina
17、tion of biomass content using reductionistic method.34 Annex G (informative) Limitations on the determination methods39 Bibliography42 CEN/TS 15440:2006 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Thu Mar 01 09:14:44 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 3 Forewor
18、d This document (CEN/TS 15440:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 343 “Solid recovered fuels”, the secretariat of which is held by SFS. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not
19、 be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This Technical Specification is one of a series of technical specifications dealing with solid recovered fuels. Solid recovered fuels are defined in the EU Commission Mandate M/325 to CEN. The mandate makes reference to Directive 20
20、01/77/EC, 2000/76/EC and Commission Decision 2000/532/EC. In the Mandate M/325 solid recovered fuels are defined as fuels prepared from non hazardous waste to be utilised for energy recovery in waste incineration or co-incineration plants regulated under Community environmental legislation. Accordin
21、g to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithu
22、ania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. CEN/TS 15440:2006 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Thu Mar 01 09:14:44 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI
23、4 Introduction This Technical Specification specifies the methods used for the determination of biomass (as defined in 3.3) content in solid recovered fuels. The RES-E directive 1 aims to promote electricity produced from renewable resources, including e.g. the biomass fraction present in solid wast
24、e. This Technical Specification specifies two normative methods and one informative method for the determination of biomass content in solid recovered fuels, including the method of selective dissolution in sulphuric acid, the manual sorting method and the informative reductionistic method. The redu
25、ctionistic method is for internal control and specific agreements only, see Annex F. The two latter methods are both based on the first one, the selective dissolution method. As the selective dissolution method is not applicable to some materials usually or possibly present in SRF, the limitations o
26、f this method have to be considered (see Annex G), and attention needs to be paid to possible misuse in SRF mixtures of unknown origin. NOTE An alternative method could be the C-14 method to determine the biomass content expressed in percentage by carbon content. The method is currently in its early
27、 stages of development, but in the future it may be used as an alternative method to determine the biomass content expressed in percentage by carbon content. This Technical Specification is primarily geared toward laboratories, producers, suppliers and purchasers of solid recovered fuels, but is als
28、o useful for the authorities and inspection organizations. CEN/TR 14980 shows that biogenic/biodegradable fractions can be estimated using the methods described in this Technical Specification. The fraction of biomass (biodegradable/biogenic fractions) can be expressed: by weight; by energy content
29、(net or gross calorific value); by carbon content. CEN/TS 15440:2006 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Thu Mar 01 09:14:44 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 5 1 Scope This Technical Specification specifies two normative methods and one informative me
30、thod for the determination of the biodegradable/biogenic fraction in solid recovered fuel. The methods are the selective dissolution in sulphuric acid, the manual sorting method and the informative reductionistic method. The methods estimate the biodegradable/biogenic content of solid recovered fuel
31、s by determination of the biomass content. This Technical Specification is not applicable to: pure fractions of waste, products and by-products classified as CO2-neutral biomass according to Annex G; charcoal, peat and solid fossil fuels like hard coal, coke, brown coal and lignite and to mixtures o
32、f these and solid recovered fuels; solid recovered fuels that contain more than 10 % of natural and/or synthetic rubber residues; solid recovered fuels that contain a combination of more than 5 % by weight of: nylon, polyurethane or other polymers containing molecular amino groups; biodegradable pla
33、stics of fossil origin; solid recovered fuels that contain a combination of more than 5 % by weight of: wool or viscose; non-biodegradable plastics of biogenic origin; oil or fat present as a constituent of biomass. NOTE In typical municipal and assimilated waste the content of nylon, polyurethane,
34、biodegradable plastics of fossil origin, wool, viscose, non-biodegradable plastics of biogenic origin and oil/fat present is rather small and the error is negligible. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated reference
35、s, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 13965-1:2004, Characterization of waste Terminology Part 1: Material related terms and definitions EN 13965-2:2004, Characterisation of waste Terminology Pa
36、rt 2: Management related terms and definitions CEN/TS 15400, Solid recovered fuels Methods for the determination of calorific value CEN/TS 15403, Solid recovered fuels Methods for the determination of ash content CEN/TS 15407, Solid recovered fuels Methods for the determination of carbon (C), hydrog
37、en (H) and nitrogen (N) content CEN/TS 15440:2006 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Thu Mar 01 09:14:44 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 6 CEN/TS 15414-1, Solid recovered fuels Determination of moisture content using the oven dry method Part 1: Dete
38、rmination of total moisture by a reference method CEN/TS 15442, Solid recovered fuels Methods for sampling CEN/TS 15443, Solid recovered fuels Methods for laboratory sample preparation 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 13965-1:2004, EN 1
39、3965-2:2004 and the following apply. NOTE Definitions for the terms in bold are given in EN 13965. 3.1 ash content inorganic mass remaining after complete combustion of a solid recovered fuel under specified conditions expressed as a percentage of the mass of the dry matter in the solid recovered fu
40、el CEN/TS 15357:2006 3.2 biodegradable material capable of undergoing biological anaerobic or aerobic decomposition under conditions naturally occurring in the biosphere 3.3 biomass material of biological origin excluding material embedded in geological formation or transformed to fossil NOTE This d
41、efinition is very close to the definition in CEN/TC 335 “Solid biofuels” with the only difference that coal found on the surface of the earth is clearly excluded. For further clarification, definitions on fossil and geological formation: fossil remains or traces of a plant or animal life embedded in
42、 geological formation from a previous geological period and transformed to a stable material for the conditions of its present location geological formation material formed by consecutive natural depositions of different materials in a certain geological period 3.4 biogenic produced in natural proce
43、sses by living organisms but not fossilised or derived from fossil resources 3.5 calorific value calculated value of the specific energy of combustion for unit mass of a solid recovered fuel burned in oxygen in calorimetric bomb under such conditions that it can be either expressed as gross calorifi
44、c value or net calorific value 3.6 gross calorific value absolute value of the specific energy of combustion for unit mass of a solid recovered fuel burned in oxygen in calorimetric bomb under the conditions specified CEN/TS 15440:2006 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank U
45、niversity, Thu Mar 01 09:14:44 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 7 NOTE 1 The result of combustion are assumed to consist of gaseous oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide, of liquid water in equilibrium with its vapour saturated with carbon dioxide under conditions of the bom
46、b reaction, and of solid ash, all at the reference temperature and at constant volume. NOTE 2 The old term for gross calorific value is higher heating value. 3.7 increment portion of solid recovered fuel extracted in a single operation of the sampling device CEN/TS 15357:2006 3.8 laboratory sample c
47、ombined sample or a sub-sample of a combined sample or an increment or a sub-sample of an increment sent to a laboratory CEN/TS 14588:2003 3.9 total moisture moisture in a solid recovered fuel removable under specific conditions NOTE the old term for total moisture is moisture content. 3.10 net calo
48、rific value calculated value of the specific energy of combustion for unit mass of a solid recovered fuel burned in oxygen in calorimetric bomb under such conditions that all the water remains as water vapour at 0,1 MPa CEN/TS 15357:2006 NOTE The old term for net calorific value is lower heating val
49、ue. 3.11 nominal top size aperture size of the sieve used for determining the particle size distribution of solid recovered fuels through which at least 95 % by mass of the material passes CEN/TS 15357:2006 3.12 sample quantity of material, representative of a larger quantity for which the property is to be determined 3.13 sample preparation all the actions taken to obtain representative analyses samples or test portions from the original sample