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1、DRAFT FOR DEVELOPMENT DD CEN/TS 15087:2005 Determination of the uplift resistance of installed clay and concrete interlocking tiles for roofing Test method for mechanical fasteners ICS 91.060.20; 91.100.30 ? Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Tue Dec 12 06:12:
2、24 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI DD CEN/TS 15087:2005 This Draft for Development was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 9 February 2006 BSI 9 February 2006 ISBN 0 580 47764 9 National foreword This Draft for Development is the official Englis
3、h language version of CEN/TS 15087:2005. This publication is not to be regarded as a British Standard. It is being issued in the Draft for Development series of publications and is of a provisional nature because it is considered that further experience is required in its application before it is co
4、nverted into a European and hence British Standard. It should be applied on this provisional basis, so that information and experience of its practical application may be obtained. Comments arising from the use of this Draft for Development are requested so that UK experience can be reported to the
5、European organization responsible for its conversion to a European standard. A review of this publication will be initiated 2 years after its publication by the European organization so that a decision can be taken on its status at the end of its 3-year life. Notification of the start of the review
6、period will be made in an announcement in the appropriate issue of Update Standards. According to the replies received by the end of the review period, the responsible BSI Committee will decide whether to support the conversion into a European standard, to extend the life of the Technical Specificat
7、ion or to withdraw it. Comments should be sent in writing to the Secretary of BSI Subcommittee B/542/1, Slating and tiling, at British Standards House, 389 Chiswick High Road, London W4 4AL, giving the document reference and clause number and proposing, where possible, an appropriate revision of the
8、 text. A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “Intern
9、ational Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Summary of pages This
10、 document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the CEN/TS title page, pages 2 to 17 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments Licensed Copy: London South Bank
11、 University, London South Bank University, Tue Dec 12 06:12:24 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION SPCIFICATION TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION CEN/TS 15087 December 2005 ICS 91.060.20; 91.100.30 English Version Determination of the uplift resistance of installed cl
12、ay and concrete interlocking tiles for roofing - Test method for mechanical fasteners Dtermination de la rsistance au soulvement des tuiles embotement en terre cuite ou en bton mises en oeuvre sur la toiture - Mthode dessai des fixations mcaniques Bestimmung des Abhebewiderstandes von verlegten Dach
13、ziegeln oder Betondachsteinen - Prfverfahren fr mechanische Verbindungselemente This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 1 March 2005 for provisional application. The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be
14、 requested to submit their comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard. CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available promptly at national level in an appropriate
15、 form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS) until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia
16、, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMI
17、TEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2005 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. CEN/TS 15087:2005: E Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Tue Dec 12 06:12
18、:24 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI CEN/TS 15087:2005 2 Contents Page Foreword 3 1 Scope .4 2 Normative references .4 3 Terms and definitions.4 4 Symbols and abbreviations4 5 Sampling5 6 Test conditions .5 7 Test material6 8 Apparatus 6 9 Test Procedure6 10 Evaluation and expression of re
19、sults8 11 Test report .9 Annex A (informative) Example of an arrangement of the test apparatus for determination of fastener strength.10 Annex B (informative) Hinged batten for supporting a test tile 11 Annex C (informative) Calculation of characteristic values 12 Annex D (informative) Maximum desig
20、n value of the uplift resistance 13 Annex E (informative) Force actions on clip in an assembly of roofing elements 14 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Tue Dec 12 06:12:24 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI CEN/TS 15087:2005 3 Foreword This Technical
21、Specification (CEN/TS 15087:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 128 “Roof covering products for discontinuous laying and products for wall cladding”, the secretariat of which is held by IBN. This document is applicable where the National application standards, and/or, regulations,
22、specify a requirement for the uplift resistance of installed clay or concrete tiles for roofing. No existing European Standard is superseded. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to announce this CEN Technical Sp
23、ecification: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Licensed Copy:
24、London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Tue Dec 12 06:12:24 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 4 1 Scope This Technical Specification specifies a test method for determining the strength and uplift resistance of fasteners for clay and concrete interlocking tiles for roofi
25、ng. NOTE 1 The results of this test may be used to determine the uplift force which can be withstood by the fastener; e.g. to withstand wind force. NOTE 2 When the results of the test method for mechanical fasteners have a correlation to the results of the roof system test method EN 14437 they can b
26、e used to establish the uplift resistance of installed clay and concrete tiles for roofing. The test method is applicable to mechanical fasteners such as clips, hooks, screws and nails. It is not applicable to fasteners which hold down more than one tile. 2 Normative references Not applicable. 3 Ter
27、ms and definitions For the purposes of this Technical Specification, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 characteristic value value of a material property having a prescribed probability of not being attained in a hypothetical unlimited test series; this value generally corresponds to a s
28、pecific fractile of the assumed statistical distribution of the particular property of the material 3.2 gauge length of the exposed part of the fixed tile, measured longitudinally; this is the same as the batten gauge 3.3 mechanical fasteners screws, clips, nails and hooks 4 Symbols and abbreviation
29、s dmax maximum displacement of tile D (mm); F test load, (N); Fc force acting on the mechanical fastener; F0 test load without a fastener fitted (N); Fi, MAX maximum test load at failure (N); kn a factor depending on the number of tests n; Lh hanging length (mm); LF distance between the pivot line a
30、nd the applied uplift force (mm); CEN/TS 15087:2005 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Tue Dec 12 06:12:24 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 5 LC distance between the pivot line and the centre of the clip (mm); n number of tests; Rd maximum design val
31、ue; Rk characteristic fastener uplift resistance (N); Ri individual fastener uplift resistance (N); Rx mean fastener uplift resistance (N); sx standard deviation of the uplift resistance (N); partial safety factor for resistance, which may be defined by a national regulation; Ft is the uplift force
32、(N) acting in the centre of the exposed area of each tile or slate; g is the acceleration due to gravity, 9,81 ms2; q is the moment arm (m) shown in Figure E.1; r is the moment arm (m) shown in Figure E.1; wt is the mass of one tile (kg); p is the moment arm (m) shown in Figure E.1; is the angle of
33、the tile or slate to the horizontal (degrees) when laid on the roof. 5 Sampling The clay and concrete tiles for the roofing selected shall be representative of the tiles specified by the manufacturer. The battens selected shall be representative, i.e., in line with the tile product and instructions
34、of the clip manufacturer. The fasteners used for the test shall be representative of the manufactured product. In selecting the number of elements refer to Clauses 7 and 9, taking into consideration that in each case a trial test and at least 3 tests shall be conducted. NOTE The specification of the
35、 battens may include a reference to a national code of practice. 6 Test conditions Unless specified otherwise, the roofing tiles, fasteners and test frame shall be stored for at least 24 hours in an environment of (20 5) C, and (60 20) % relative humidity, prior to the test. The manner of storage sh
36、all not interfere with the free exchange of moisture from or into the materials. The test shall be conducted in the same conditions as the storage. NOTE If in practice, the moisture content of the battens is expected to be different from the standard conditions, and if it is expected that this may i
37、nfluence the test results, this should be taken into account; e.g. by testing under the appropriate conditions and recording the moisture content of the battens used. CEN/TS 15087:2005 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Tue Dec 12 06:12:24 GMT+00:00 2006, Unco
38、ntrolled Copy, (c) BSI 6 7 Test material The test materials shall be randomly chosen from the samples. 8 Apparatus 8.1 Test Rig An example of the apparatus is shown in Annex A, and consists of: a) a horizontal rigid base frame onto which is attached counter battens (to simulate rafters at the maximu
39、m intended rafter centres) and tiling battens set at the appropriate gauge. The top tiling batten shall be attached to the counter battens by hinges (see Annex B); b) the tiles to be tested are fastened to the battens with tail clips fixed to the tail (lower half of tile) batten and/or nails/screws
40、/head clips fixed to the head (top part of tile) batten; c) a means of loading test sample via a load application device, capable of applying a loading rate of not less than 100 N/min initially in a direction normal to the tile surface at the loading point; d) a load application device that includes
41、 a calibrated force-measuring device e.g. load cell. The load application device shall be hinged at both ends and the length of the device between the hinges should exceed the hanging length of the tile; e) a rigid bar, incorporating an accurate system for locating and supporting a calibrated displa
42、cement- measuring device, the bar shall permit the tail of the fixed tile to be raised by dmax (see 9.2.3 d). 8.2 Force measuring device A calibrated force-measuring device shall be used to determine the uplift force having a maximum inaccuracy in combination with the reading equipment of 1 % of the
43、 measured value or 10 N, whichever is the larger. 8.3 Measuring device for displacement of the roofing tiles A calibrated displacement-measuring device shall be used to determine the displacement of the roofing tiles and shall have a maximum inaccuracy of 0,2 mm. The displacement-measuring device sh
44、all not exert forces larger than 1 % of the uplift force. The measuring device shall be able to measure displacements in excess of dmax. NOTE Other apparatus satisfying Clause 8 may also be used. 9 Test Procedure 9.1 Procedure for Setting up the Test Fix the counter-battens (to simulate the rafters)
45、 to the base frame at 600 mm spacing. Fix the battens of appropriate dimensions to the counter-battens at the specified minimum gauge for the roofing element. Referring to Figure 1 lay tiles A and B. CEN/TS 15087:2005 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Tue Dec
46、 12 06:12:24 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 7 Straight bond: Broken (half) bond: Figure 1: Arrangement of tiles (A, B, B1, B2, C, D are tiles) The load application device shall be attached to tile C at the centre of its exposed area. Lay tile C then attach and fix the fastener to the tes
47、t sample in accordance with the relevant specification and normal standards of workmanship, then lay tile D without fastener. Securely fix tiles C and D at their heads to the top (hinged) batten (e.g. by nails, screws, bolts or clamps). If the fixing configuration under test includes head fasteners
48、then the head of tile C shall be fixed with the test head fasteners and the hinged batten replaced with a fixed batten and arrangements made to have a tile overlap tile C to allow the measurement of the residual displacement. Attach the displacement-measuring device to its rigid support such that it
49、 measures the displacement of tile D over the fastener position and in a direction normal to the surface of tile D. NOTE 1 The lower batten, supporting the tails of tiles A and B, will need to be of greater depth e.g. double batten than the other battens so that tiles A and B will lay parallel to tiles C and D in the final assembly. NOTE 2 Care should be taken to ensure that the size and/or positioning of the hinges on the top batten does not interfere with the seating of the tiles. NOTE