《DD-ISO-TS-16610-41-2006.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《DD-ISO-TS-16610-41-2006.pdf（24页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、DRAFT FOR DEVELOPMENT DD ISO/TS 16610-41:2006 Geometrical product specifications (GPS) Filtration Part 41: Morphological profile filters: Disk and horizontal line-segment filters ICS 17.040.20 ? Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 20/10/2008 08:42, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI DD ISO/TS 1661
2、0-41:2006 This Draft for Development was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 May 2008 BSI 2008 ISBN 978 0 580 57489 4 National foreword This Draft for Development is the UK implementation of ISO/TS 16610-41:2006. This publication is not to be regarded a
3、s a British Standard. It is being issued in the Draft for Development series of publications and is of a provisional nature. It should be applied on this provisional basis, so that information and experience of its practical application can be obtained. Comments arising from the use of this Draft fo
4、r Development are requested so that UK experience can be reported to the international organization responsible for its conversion to an international standard. A review of this publication will be initiated not later than three years after its publication by the international organization so that a
5、 decision can be taken on its status. Notification of the start of the review period will be made in an announcement in the appropriate issue of Update Standards. According to the replies received by the end of the review period, the responsible BSI Committee will decide whether to support the conve
6、rsion into an international Standard, to extend the life of the Technical Specification or to withdraw it. Comments should be sent to the Secretary of the responsible BSI Technical Committee at British Standards House, 389 Chiswick High Road, London W4 4AL. The UK participation in its preparation wa
7、s entrusted to Technical Committee TDW/4, Technical product realization (TPR). A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its cor
8、rect application. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication DateComments Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 20/10/2008 08:42, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Reference number ISO/TS 16610-41:2006(E) TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 16610-41 First edition 2006-11-01 Geometrical product speci
9、fications (GPS) Filtration Part 41: Morphological profile filters: Disk and horizontal line-segment filters Spcification gomtrique des produits (GPS) Filtrage Partie 41: Filtres de profil morphologiques: Filtre disque et filtre segment de droite horizontal DD ISO/TS 16610-41:2006 Licensed CopyChines
10、e University of Hong Kong, 20/10/2008 08:42, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ii Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 20/10/2008 08:42, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction. vi 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references. 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Morphological filter
11、s. 1 4.1 General. 1 4.2 Discrete representation of input data. 2 4.3 Discrete representation of structuring element 2 4.4 Discrete morphological filters. 3 4.5 Discrete envelope filters 10 4.6 End conditions 10 5 Recommendations 11 5.1 Circular disk structuring element . 11 5.2 Horizontal line struc
12、turing element 11 5.3 Default morphological filter. 11 6 Filter designation 11 Annex A (informative) Relationship to the filtration matrix model 12 Annex B (informative) Relationship to the GPS matrix model. 13 Bibliography. 14 DD ISO/TS 16610-41:2006 Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 20
13、/10/2008 08:42, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each mem
14、ber body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International El
15、ectrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards ado
16、pted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. In other circumstances, particularly when there is an urgent market requirement for such documents, a tech
17、nical committee may decide to publish other types of normative document: an ISO Publicly Available Specification (ISO/PAS) represents an agreement between technical experts in an ISO working group and is accepted for publication if it is approved by more than 50 % of the members of the parent commit
18、tee casting a vote; an ISO Technical Specification (ISO/TS) represents an agreement between the members of a technical committee and is accepted for publication if it is approved by 2/3 of the members of the committee casting a vote. An ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is reviewed after three years in order to dec
19、ide whether it will be confirmed for a further three years, revised to become an International Standard, or withdrawn. If the ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is confirmed, it is reviewed again after a further three years, at which time it must either be transformed into an International Standard or be withdrawn.
20、Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/TS 16610-41 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 213, Dimensional and geometrical product s
21、pecifications and verification. ISO/TS 16610 consists of the following parts, under the general title Geometrical product specifications (GPS) Filtration: Part 1: Overview and basic concepts Part 20: Linear profile filters: Basic concepts Part 22: Linear profile filters: Spline filters Part 29: Line
22、ar profile filters: Spline wavelets Part 31: Robust profile filters: Gaussian regression filters Part 32: Robust profile filters: Spline filters Part 40: Morphological profile filters: Basic concepts DD ISO/TS 16610-41:2006 Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 20/10/2008 08:42, Uncontrolled
23、 Copy, (c) BSI v Part 41: Morphological profile filters: Disk and horizontal line-segment filters Part 49: Morphological profile filters: Scale space techniques The following parts are under preparation: Part 21: Linear profile filters: Gaussian filters Part 26: Linear profile filters: Filtration on
24、 nominally orthogonal grid planar data sets Part 27: Linear profile filters: Filtration on nominally orthogonal grid cylindrical data sets Part 30: Robust profile filters: Basic concepts Part 42: Morphological profile filters: Motif filters Part 60: Linear areal filters: Basic concepts Part 61: Line
25、ar areal filters: Gaussian filters Part 62: Linear areal filters: Spline filters Part 69: Linear areal filters: Spline wavelets Part 70: Robust areal filters: Basic concepts Part 71: Robust areal filters: Gaussian regression filters Part 72: Robust areal filters: Spline filters Part 80: Morphologica
26、l areal filters: Basic concepts Part 81: Morphological areal filters: Sphere and horizontal planar segment filters Part 82: Morphological areal filters: Motif filters Part 89: Morphological areal filters: Scale space techniques DD ISO/TS 16610-41:2006 Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 20
27、/10/2008 08:42, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI vi Introduction This part of ISO/TS 16610 is a geometrical product specification (GPS) Technical Specification and is to be regarded as a global GPS Technical Specification (see ISO/TR 14638). It influences the chain links 3 and 5 of all chains of standards
28、. For more detailed information about the relation of this part of ISO/TS 16610 to the GPS matrix model, see Annex B. This part of ISO/TS 16610 provides guidelines for computing profile morphological operations and filters with disk and horizontal segment structuring elements. It also describes tech
29、niques for applying morphological filters, including envelope filters, for open profiles. DD ISO/TS 16610-41:2006 Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 20/10/2008 08:42, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 1 Geometrical product specifications (GPS) Filtration Part 41: Morphological profile filters: D
30、isk and horizontal line-segment filters 1 Scope This part of ISO/TS 16610 specifies techniques for computing morphological filters with disk and horizontal segment structuring elements, including envelope filters. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the ap
31、plication of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 14660-1:1999, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) Geometrical features Part 1: General terms and defini
32、tions ISO/TS 16610-1:2006, Geometric product specifications (GPS) Filtration Part 1: Overview and basic concepts ISO/TS 16610-40:2006, Geometric product specifications (GPS) Filtration Part 40: Morphological profile filters: Basic concepts 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, t
33、he terms and definition givens in ISO 14660-1, ISO/TS 16610-1 and ISO/TS 16610-40 apply. 4 Morphological filters 4.1 General The morphological filters described in this part of ISO/TS 16610 are defined using Minkowski sums. There are two primary morphological operations (dilation and erosion) and tw
34、o secondary morphological operations (opening and closing). The opening and closing operators are also called morphological filters. Any technique that can compute Minkowski addition and subtraction can be used to compute closing and opening morphological filters and the respective envelope filters.
35、 Computation of morphological filters can be greatly simplified if we deal with discrete morphological filters, which are described in the rest of this document. The main body of the document deals with general computational techniques; Annexes A and B deal with specific implementations of discrete
36、morphological operations and filters for profiles. A morphological filter conforming to this part of ISO/TS 16610 shall exhibit the characteristics described in 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3. DD ISO/TS 16610-41:2006 Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 20/10/2008 08:42, Uncontrolled
37、Copy, (c) BSI 2 NOTE The relationship of morphological profile filters: disk and horizontal line-segment filters to the filtration matrix model is given in Annex B. 4.2 Discrete representation of input data An extracted profile is represented as a vector z of finite size n. This is a discrete repres
38、entation of a profile. For computational convenience, the sampling is assumed to be uniform with a sampling interval . zi, the ith component of z, is the value of the function evaluated at i. EXAMPLE The first five entries in a long input vector are given in z = 63,3; 65,0; 67,0; 70,4; 69,6; where t
39、he dimensions are in m. The interval is 0,5 m. The input vector can easily contain several thousand entries. A continuous representation of the extracted profile can be obtained by an appropriate interpolation, e.g. a simple linear interpolation piece by piece of the discrete data. Figure 1 illustra
40、tes the graph of this kind of continuous representation, starting with a discrete representation using vector z. 4.3 Discrete representation of structuring element In the process of filtering profiles, a circular disk is used, as outlined in Figure 2. Due its symmetry about the origin, it is suffici
41、ent to consider only its first quadrant form, and represent it discretely as the vector b. The same applies with a horizontal straight line segment, as shown in Figure 3. Again, due its symmetry about the origin, it is sufficient to consider only its right half, and represent it discretely as the ve
42、ctor b. The length of the structuring element vector b is much smaller than that of the input vector z. For ease of computation, input z and structuring element b are sampled at the same interval . Key X distance, m Y height, m Figure 1 Example of extracted profile graphed after linear interpolation
43、 of its discrete representation DD ISO/TS 16610-41:2006 Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 20/10/2008 08:42, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 3 a) Representation in full form b) Representation in economic form in the first quadrant due to its symmetry NOTE For example, an economic representatio
44、n of a circular disk of radius 2 m is b = 2,000 0; 1,936 5; 1,732 1; 1,322 9; 0, where the dimensions are in m and the sampling interval is 0,5 m. In Figure 2 b), only the circular arc in the first quadrant is represented due the symmetry of the circular disk. Figure 2 Example of a circular disk str
45、ucturing element a) Representation in full form b) Representation in economic form showing only its right half due to its symmetry NOTE An economic representation of a horizontal line-segment of total length 4 m is b = 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, where the dimensions are in m and the sampling interval is 0,5 m.
46、In Figure 3 b), only the right half of the line-segment is represented due the symmetry of the line-segment. Figure 3 Example of a horizontal line-segment structuring element 4.4 Discrete morphological filters A discrete morphological filter takes z and b as input and produces a filtered output of t
47、he same array length as the input z. It is a discrete representation of the filtered profile. The basic idea behind the computation of dilation and erosion is to position the origin of the structuring element at every point of the input and to sum them, as illustrated for a few positions of a circul
48、ar structuring element for dilation in Figure 4. The extreme value at each sampling point is then collected and these values are reported as the output. For example, in Figure 4, the top-most star in each vertical line is collected after all the disks are positioned, and the array of the vertical co
49、ordinates of all the top-most stars form the output for dilation. DD ISO/TS 16610-41:2006 Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 20/10/2008 08:42, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 4 NOTE The centre of the disk is positioned at every input data point. The stars are the maximum height of all the results calculated by adding the coordinates of input points (filled dots) to the coordinates of sampl