《DEP 30.10.02.13-Gen.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《DEP 30.10.02.13-Gen.pdf（41页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、MANUAL NON-METALLIC MATERIALS - SELECTION AND APPLICATION DEP 30.10.02.13-Gen. August 1993 DESIGN AND ENGINEERING PRACTICE USED BY COMPANIES OF THE ROYAL DUTCH/SHELL GROUP This document is confidential. Neither the whole nor any part of this document may be disclosed to any third party without the p
2、rior written consent of Shell Internationale Petroleum Maatschappij B.V., The Hague, the Netherlands. The copyright of this document is vested in Shell Internationale Petroleum Maatschappij B.V., The Hague, the Netherlands. All rights reserved. Neither the whole nor any part of this document may be
3、reproduced, stored in any retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, reprographic, recording or otherwise) without the prior written consent of the copyright owner. PREFACE DEP (Design and Engineering Practice) publications reflect the views, at the time of
4、publication, of: Shell International Oil Products B.V. (SIOP) and Shell International Exploration and Production B.V. (SIEP) and Shell International Chemicals B.V. (SIC) The Hague, The Netherlands, and other Service Companies. They are based on the experience acquired during their involvement with t
5、he design, construction, operation and maintenance of processing units and facilities, and they are supplemented with the experience of Group Operating companies. Where appropriate they are based on, or reference is made to, national and international standards and codes of practice. The objective i
6、s to set the recommended standard for good design and engineering practice applied by Group companies operating an oil refinery, gas handling installation, chemical plant, oil and gas production facility, or any other such facility, and thereby to achieve maximum technical and economic benefit from
7、standardization. The information set forth in these publications is provided to users for their consideration and decision to implement. This is of particular importance where DEPs may not cover every requirement or diversity of condition at each locality. The system of DEPs is expected to be suffic
8、iently flexible to allow individual operating companies to adapt the information set forth in DEPs to their own environment and requirements. When Contractors or Manufacturers/Suppliers use DEPs they shall be solely responsible for the quality of work and the attainment of the required design and en
9、gineering standards. In particular, for those requirements not specifically covered, the Principal will expect them to follow those design and engineering practices which will achieve the same level of integrity as reflected in the DEPs. If in doubt, the Contractor or Manufacturer/Supplier shall, wi
10、thout detracting from his own responsibility, consult the Principal or its technical advisor. The right to use DEPs is granted by SIOP, SIEP or SIC, in most cases under Service Agreements primarily with companies of the Royal Dutch/Shell Group and other companies receiving technical advice and servi
11、ces from SIOP, SIEP or SIC. Consequently, three categories of users of DEPs can be distinguished: 1)Operating companies having a Service Agreement with SIOP, SIEP, SIC or other Service Company. The use of DEPs by these Operating companies is subject in all respects to the terms and conditions of the
12、 relevant Service Agreement. 2)Other parties who are authorized to use DEPs subject to appropriate contractual arrangements. 3)Contractors/subcontractors and Manufacturers/Suppliers under a contract with users referred to under 1) or 2) which requires that tenders for projects, materials supplied or
13、 - generally - work performed on behalf of the said users comply with the relevant standards. Subject to any particular terms and conditions as may be set forth in specific agreements with users, SIOP, SIEP and SIC disclaim any liability of whatsoever nature for any damage (including injury or death
14、) suffered by any company or person whomsoever as a result of or in connection with the use, application or implementation of any DEP, combination of DEPs or any part thereof. The benefit of this disclaimer shall inure in all respects to SIOP, SIEP, SIC and/or any company affiliated to these compani
15、es that may issue DEPs or require the use of DEPs. Without prejudice to any specific terms in respect of confidentiality under relevant contractual arrangements, DEPs shall not, without the prior written consent of SIOP and SIEP, be disclosed by users to any company or person whomsoever and the DEPs
16、 shall be used exclusively for the purpose for which they have been provided to the user. They shall be returned after use, including any copies which shall only be made by users with the express prior written consent of SIOP and SIEP. The copyright of DEPs vests in SIOP and SIEP. Users shall arrang
17、e for DEPs to be held in safe custody and SIOP or SIEP may at any time require information satisfactory to them in order to ascertain how users implement this requirement. All administrative queries should be directed to the DEP Administrator in SIOP. NOTE: In addition to DEP publications there are
18、Standard Specifications and Draft DEPs for Development (DDDs). DDDs generally introduce new procedures or techniques that will probably need updating as further experience develops during their use. The above requirements for distribution and use of DEPs are also applicable to Standard Specification
19、s and DDDs. Standard Specifications and DDDs will gradually be replaced by DEPs. DEP 30.10.02.13-Gen. August 1993 Page 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.INTRODUCTION.4 1.1SCOPE 4 1.2DISTRIBUTION, INTENDED USE AND REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS4 1.3DEFINITIONS 4 1.4CROSS-REFERENCES4 2.GENERAL. 5 2.1MATERIAL DEFINITIO
20、NS.5 2.2ABBREVIATIONS6 2.3CHEMICAL RESISTANCE7 2.4MECHANICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES.7 2.5IDENTIFICATION OF PLASTICS AND RUBBERS8 2.6ENGINEERING PLASTICS.8 2.7TRADE NAMES AND MANUFACTURERS8 3.REFERENCES9 APPENDICES. 11 APPENDICES APPENDIX 1ABBREVIATIONS.12 APPENDIX 2CHEMICAL RESISTANCE OF NON-METALL
21、IC MATERIALS.14 APPENDIX 3TYPICAL MECHANICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF NON- METALLIC MATERIALS26 APPENDIX 4IDENTIFICATION OF PLASTICS AND RUBBERS.27 APPENDIX 5ENGINEERING PLASTICS29 APPENDIX 6TRADE NAMES, WITH MANUFACTURERS NAME AND COUNTRY OF ORIGIN.30 DEP 30.10.02.13-Gen. August 1993 Page 3 1.INT
22、RODUCTION 1.1SCOPE This DEP is a revision of that with the same number dated December 1984 and gives requirements and recommendations for the selection and application of non-metallic materials. The purpose is to present the advantages and limitations of non-metallic construction materials in order
23、to promote their proper engineering and applications. However, for specific applications of these materials reference should be made to the appropriate publications, such as Manufacturers literature/handbooks. The included list of Manufacturer trade names cannot be fully comprehensive and the presen
24、ce of a name in this list does not imply any preference or guarantee. Alternative Manufacturers may be used if approved by the Principal. It should be checked whether there are local regulations that restrict the use or disposal of the selected materials. 1.2DISTRIBUTION, INTENDED USE AND REGULATORY
25、 CONSIDERATIONS Unless otherwise authorized by SIPM, the distribution of this document is confined to companies forming part of the Royal Dutch/Shell Group or managed by a Group company, and to Contractors nominated by them (i.e. the distribution code is “C“ as defined in DEP 00.00.05.05-Gen.). The
26、DEP is intended for use in oil refineries, chemical plants, gas plants and, where applicable, in exploration and production facilities and supply/marketing installations. If national and/or local regulations exist in which some of the requirements may be more stringent than in this DEP the Contracto
27、r shall determine by careful scrutiny which of the requirements are the more stringent and which combination of requirements will be acceptable as regards safety, environmental, economic and legal aspects. In all cases the Contractor shall inform the Principal of any deviation from the requirements
28、of this DEP which is considered to be necessary in order to comply with national and/or local regulations. The Principal may then negotiate with the Authorities concerned with the object of obtaining agreement to follow this DEP as closely as possible. 1.3DEFINITIONS The Contractor is the party whic
29、h carries out all or part of the design, engineering, procurement, installation, and commissioning or management of a project or operation of a facility. The Principal may sometimes undertake all or part of the duties of the Contractor. The Manufacturer/Supplier is the party which manufactures or su
30、pplies equipment and services to perform the duties specified by the Contractor. The Principal is the party which initiates the project and ultimately pays for its design and construction. The Principal will generally specify the technical requirements. The Principal may also include an agent or con
31、sultant, authorized to act for the Principal. The word shall indicates a requirement. The word should indicates a recommendation. 1.4CROSS-REFERENCES Where cross-references to other parts of this DEP are made, the referenced section number is shown in brackets. Other documents referenced in this DEP
32、 are listed in (3). DEP 30.10.02.13-Gen. August 1993 Page 4 2.GENERAL 2.1MATERIAL DEFINITIONS CARBON-bonded granular carbon body whose matrix has been treated at a temperature between 900 and 2400 C. CERAMIC-articles with a glazed or unglazed body of crystalline or partly crystalline structure or of
33、 glass, produced from essentially inorganic, non-metallic substances and formed either from a molten mass solidified on cooling, or simultaneously or subsequently matured by the action of heat. (ASTM C 242). CHEMICAL-RESISTANT-an intimate mixture of liquid resinous material, RESIN MORTARselected fil
34、ler material and setting agent forming a trowellable mortar that hardens by chemical reaction. (ASTM C 904). COATING-a liquid, liquifiable or mastic compound which, after applying as a thin layer, converts into an adherent, solid and protective, decorative or functional film. (ASTM D 16). ELASTOMER-
35、polymer material with similar properties to rubber. (ASTM D 1566). NOTE: This term should not be used in standards for rubber. ENAMEL-paint characterized by the ability to form a very smooth film. (ASTM D 16). BS 2015 makes a distinction between enamel paint and vitreous enamel. GLASS-inorganic fusi
36、on product that has cooled to a rigid condition without crystallizing.(ASTM C 162). GRAPHITE-bonded granular carbon body whose matrix has been treated at a temperature above 2400 C; the matrix is thermally stable below that temperature. HYDRAULIC-cement that sets and hardens by chemical CEMENTintera
37、ction with water, and is capable of doing so under water.(ASTM C 219). LACQUER-a coating composition forming a synthetic thermoplastic film primarily by evaporation of the organic solvent.(ASTM D 16). PAINT-a pigmented coating. (ASTM D 16). PORCELAIN-glazed or unglazed vitreous ceramic whiteware mat
38、ured like ceramic and glazed together in the same firing operation. (ASTM C 242). QUARTZ/SILICA-glass made either by flame hydrolysisof silicon tetrachloride or by melting silica, usually in the form of granular quartz, i.e. fused silica. (ASTM C 162). REFRACTORIES-non-metallic materials with chemic
39、al and physical properties applicable for structures and system DEP 30.10.02.13-Gen. August 1993 Page 5 components exposed to environments above 538 C. (ASTM C 71). RUBBER-a material capable of quickly and forcibly recovering from all deformations. It can be modified to be essentially insoluble, but
40、 it can swell in boiling solvents, e.g. benzene, methyl ethyl ketone and ethanol/toluene azeotrope. Rubber in its modified state, free of diluents, stretched at 18 to 29 C and held for 1 minute before release, retracts within 1 minute to less than 1.5 or 2 times its original length. (ASTM D 1566). S
41、TONE WARE-vitreous or semi-vitreous ceramics of fine texture made primarily from non-refractory fire clay. (ASTM C 242). THERMOPLASTIC-a plastic that repeatedly will soften by heating and MATERIALharden by cooling within a temperature range characteristic for the plastic. In the softened state it ca
42、n be shaped by flow into articles, e.g. by moulding/extrusion. (ASTM D 883). THERMOSETTING-a plastic which is substantially infusible and MATERIALinsoluble after curing by heat or other means. (ASTM D 883). VARNISH-a liquid composition which, after applying as a thin layer, converts into a transpare
43、nt or translucent solid film. (ASTM D 16). 2.2ABBREVIATIONS Abbreviations are commonly used to describe non-metallic materials. A number of abbreviations have been standardized in various codes, e.g. ASTM D1418 and D1600, ISO 1043 and ISO 1629. A number of abbreviations used in this DEP are not yet
44、covered by these codes. Appendix 1 gives a survey of the most common abbreviations. DEP 30.10.02.13-Gen. August 1993 Page 6 2.3CHEMICAL RESISTANCE A survey of the chemical resistance of non-metallic construction materials in a variety of chemical environments is given in Appendix 2. The chemical res
45、istance can be determined by various methods and depends on factors such as exposure time, temperature, test properties and evaluation criteria. An indication of such criteria is as shown below: Property(NOTE 1)UnitResistantLimitedNot resistanceresistant Dimensional change% 3 Weight change(NOTE 2)%
46、6 Tensile strength retention% 8080-60 25. The effects of environmental stress cracking and permeability of foil materials have not been considered in detail. Environmental stress cracking of some thermoplastics may occur upon even only short direct contact with surface active agents, e.g. PE and PP
47、with detergents and wetting agents, PMMA with fatty acids, and PS with alcohols. The colours used in Appendix 2 have the following meaning: green-resistant yellow-limited resistance red-not resistant white-no data available The maximum working temperature is determined by the nature of the material
48、itself (i.e. without environmental, physical or chemical effects) and does not relate to the maximum working temperature when in any of the listed chemical environments. A figure in the green squares, if multiplied by 10, indicates the maximum allowable working temperature for the material in the pa
49、rticular chemical environment. Only proven maximum temperatures have been included. If no figure is given, the experience thus far does not allow the stating of a fixed maximum temperature. Shaded green squares refer to reinforced materials, for which the chemical environment may affect the reinforcing material but not affect the base material. Other reinforcing materials should be considered for these cases. 2.4MECHANICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES Appendix 3 lists the mechanical, thermal and other properties of a number of non-metallic construction materials. A range of values or an avera