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1、- CEN EN*LSb*(PART *7) 87 W 3404587 0001032 O W EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPEENNE EUROPAISCHE N O W EN 196 Part 1 December 1989 _ _ UDC 666.94:691.54:620,11 Key words: Cements, tests, sampling, samples, packing English version Methods of testing cement: Methods o f taking and preparing samples of c
2、ement. HBthodes dessais des ciments: Methodes Prfverfahren fr Zement: Verfahren de prlhvement et dchantillonnage du fr die Probenahme and Probenauswahl ciment. von Zement. This European Standard was accepted by CEN on 1989-06-16. CEN members are bound to comply with the requirements of the CENICENEL
3、EC Corn- mon Rules which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Central Secretariat or to any CEN
4、 member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to CEN Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN me
5、mbers are the national standards organizations of Austria, Belgium, Den- mark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Eu
6、ropisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue Brderode 2, 8-1000 Brussels (c) CEN 1989 Copyright reserved to all GEN members Ref. No. EN 196-7:1989 E .- E_ -_ - . CEN EN*LSh*(PART * i ) 89 W 3Li04589 0001033 2 W EN 196 Part -7 Page 2 Brief History This European Standard was drawn up by the T
7、echnical Committee CEN/TC 51 Cement the Secretariat of which is held by IBN. In accordance with the Common CEN/CENELEC Rules, the following countries are bound t o implement t h i s European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, I t a l y , Luxembou
8、rg, Netherlands, Norway, Portu$al, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland anr! United Kinydoni Forevor d The standard EN 196 on methods of testing cement consists of the following Parts: Part 1: Determination of strength Part 2: Part 3: Chemical analysis of cement Determination of setting time and soundness Par
9、t 4: Quantitative determination of constituents Part 5: Pozzolanicity test for pozzolanic cements Part 6: Determination of fineness Part 7: Part 21: Determination of the chloride. carbon dioxide and a:kali Methods of taking and preparing samples of cement content of cernent Contents . Foreword 1 2 R
10、eferences 3 Definitions 4 General Object and field of application - - I CEN EN*LSh*(PART *7) 89 m 3404587 0001034 4 m ,EX 196 Part 7 Page 3 5 Sampling equipment 8 6 Procedures fortaking samples and precautions to be 8 taken depending on the procedures adopted Frequency at vhich samples are taken and
11、 choice of sample t m e 7 10 8 Size and preparation of samples 11 9 Packaging and storage 15 10 Sampling report 16 Annex A. Typical examples of sampling equipment normally used 19 Page 2 4 4 5 7 E I - CEN EN*LSb*(PART *i) 89 I I 3404587 OOOL035 b - - EN 196 P or b) a delivery or a lot with a standar
12、d, the provisions of a contract or the specification in an order. The stan ard is applicable to cements lf defined by ENY197 2f whether they aro: he taking of samples of all types of c) contained in silos; d) contained in brgs, canisters, drums or Ay other packages; e) transported in bulk in road ve
13、hicles, railway wagons, ships etc. 2 References EN 196-1: 1987 EN 196-2: 1987 Methods of testing cement - Determination of strength Methods of testing cement - Chemical analysis of cement ) The requirements of this standard can also, by agreement between the parties, be followed for acceptance inspe
14、ctions for all non-standardized hydraulic binders. 2, At present at the draft stage. , CEN E N * L b * ( P A R T *7) 89 W 3404589 000L03b W .EN 196 Part 7 Page 5 EN 196-3: 1987 Methods of testing cement - Determination of setting time and soundness ENV 196-4 Methods of testing cement - Quantitative
15、determination of constituents EN 196-5: 1987 Methods of testing cement - Pozzolanicity test for pozzolanic cements Methods of testing cement - Determination of fineness EN 196-6 EN 196-21 Methods of testing cement - Determination of the chloride, carbon dioxide and alkali content of cement Cement -
16、Composition, specifisytions and conformity criteria ENV 197 For the purpose of this European Standard, the following definitions apply - 3.1 order: Quantity of cement covered by a single requisition placed with the same nanufacturer (or distribution depot). It may consist of one or more consignments
17、 spread over 8 period of tim. 3.2 consignipent: Quantity of cement delivered at a given time by a manufacturer (or distribution depot). It may consist of one or more lots. 3.3 lot: Quantity of cement produced under conditi s presumed . uniform. After specified tests (mainly by ENV197 regarded as a w
18、hole complying or not complying with standards or contract requirements. 3.4 increment: Quantity of cement taken in a single operation of the sampling equipment used. this quantity is 2, At present at the draft stage. CEN EN*1Sb*(PART 7) 89 m 3404587 0001037 T 9 *EN 196 Part 7 Page 6 3 . 5 sample (g
19、eneral term): Quantity of cement taken at random, or in accordance with a sampling plan, from a larger quantity (silo, stock of bags, wamns, trucks, etc.) or from a fixed lot, relating to the intended tests, A sample may consist of one or more increments. 3 . 6 spot sample: Sample taken at the same
20、time and from one and the same place, relating to the intended tests. It can be obtained by combining one or more immediately consecutive increments. 3 . 7 composite sample: Homogeneous mixture of spot saples taken: a) at different points or b) at different times from a larger mass of the sama cemen
21、t, obtained by thoroughly mixing the combined spot samples arid, if necessary, reducing the size of the resulting mixture. 3.8 laboratory sample: Sample prepared by thoroughly mixing and if necessary reducing from a larger sample (spot or composite sample) and intended for use by the laboratories un
22、dertaking the tests. These laboratories are generally those of the producer, those designated in the order or in the certification regulations. 3 . 9 8 u p h for retest: Sample which is to be kept for possible subsequent tests in the event of the results from tests carried out on the laboratory samp
23、les hing in doubt or disputad. The sample for retest is generally the remainder of a laboratory saspie after a first series of tests. 3.10 retained sample: Sample taken systamatically from regular deliveries (for example for large works), if necessary in the presence of all the parties concerned, to
24、 be retained for possible testing in the event of doubt or dispute or subsequent problems. NOTE. Definitions 3.1, 3.2, 3.3 and 3.10 only have meaning in the case of checks made when taking delivery of a supply. CEN EN*Lb*(PART *7) 87 m 3q04587 0001038 L W EN 196 Part 7 Page 7 4 General , 4.1 The aim
25、 of the sampling operations is to obtain from a large quantity of cement (contained in a silo, a stock of bags in a warehouse, truck etc., or in a defined lot) one or more smaller quantities, considered by the parties concerned to represent the quantity of cement of which the quality is to be assess
26、ed. 4.2 The equipment used, methods followed, and precautions taken may vary according to the nature of the installation and the circumstances in which the samples are taken. 4 . 3 In the case of the checks carried out within the context of a certification procedure the measures other than those des
27、cribed below to ensure that the samples are representative are within the jurisdiction of the certification body (see clause 7 ) . 4.4 In the case of taking delivery of a supply, the sampling operations shall, in principle, take place in the presence of the manufacturer (or vendor) and the customer
28、(or purchaser) or their respective representatives. The absence of one of them shall not, however, be a barrier to the operations but if this occurs it shall be mentioned in the sampling report (see clause 10). The sample is normally taken before or during delivery. However, if necessary, it may be
29、taken after delivery but with 8 maximum delay of 24 h. In this latter case the results of the checks shall be interpreted with care. Indeed, for various reasons, the cement to be tested may no longer be representative of the product at the actual moment of its delivery. For this reason the time of s
30、ampling shall be carefully recorded in the sampling report (see clause 10). When samples are taken after delivery, the requirements in the first paragraph above remain applicable. CEN EN*LSh*(PART *7) 89 BPI 3404589 0001037 3 ZN 196 ?art 7 Page 8 . - . S Sampling equipment On account of the diversit
31、y of industrial installations and circumstances in which the samples have to be taken, it is not possible to describe one type of reference equipment with which other types of equipment can be compared through a series of tests before being able to be used. Hence, this standard only gives, by way of
32、 example in annex A, a simplified illustration of the devices normally used and which hove been found satisfactory. This equipment is either portable (ladle, tube, screw sampler etc.) or permanently installed (screw extractor or other equipment fixed permanently onto the container). The equipment sh
33、all be chosen and used in accordance with the following rules. The equipment shall be a) approved by all the parties; b) of non-corrodible material, which is not liable to react with the cement ; c ) maintained always in working order and in a clean state. Care shall be taken to e Ure that it is car
34、efully cleaned after each sampling operation.f Care shall ais0 be taken to ensure that it is not contaminated by lubricants from other equipments used. Permanent equipment shall be installed at locations where there are no hard deposits and where the flow of cement is homogeneous (no segregation) at
35、 the time it is being used. In particular, when it is used it shall not be operated during fluidization under air pressure. If fluidization is necessary, no samples shall be taken until the cement has settled for a t least half a minute after stopping the air supply. 6 Procedures for taking srmples
36、rnd precrutions to be taken depending on the procedures adopted 6.1 Geaeral The most suitable equipment for the circumstances shall be used to take a sample, observing the following precautions as appropriate. 3, However, cleaning is not necessary between the taking of successive increments from the
37、 sama cement which ara intended for making up the sample. -,-,- CEN EN*LSb*(PART *7) 89 m 3404589 O001040 T m EN 196 Part 7 Page 9 6.2 Samplng from bags, b) to take the number of samples necessary to obtain the quantity prescribed in the second paragraph of 8.1; c) to transfer the collected cement i
38、nto I clean, dry and airtight container before proceeding uith tho oprations described in clause . 6.4 Sampl from bulk transport (after loading or before UdOadipg) % For all equipment used, care shall be taken notto take material from the top or bottom layers of the mass of cement. The thickness of
39、the layer to be considered is at least 15 cm. Take the same precautions IS those described in 6.3a), b) and c). 6.5 Sampling while loading into bulk tramport or di08 Taking samples may be carried out only if suitablo equipment is available and if there is access to a homogeneous ph8so of cement. Tak
40、e the same precautions as those described in 6 . 3 . ) , b) and c ) . 4, The equipment described in this standard (see Annex A) does not allow for sample(s) to be taken during unloading. -,-,- - - CEN EN*Lb*(PART *7) B9 m 3404589 OOOLO4L L m SEN 196 Part 7 Page 1 0 - 6.6 Sampling from silos In the a
41、bsence of a suitable fixed sampling device (see the last paragraph of clause 5) an appropriate quantity of cement shall be discarded when discharge commences to remove the hard deposits or unwanted mixtures of different cements in the distribution system. quantity is left to be determined by the man
42、ufacturers representative present at the sampling operation. The necessary quantity prescribed in the second paragraph of 8.1 shall then be collected in a clean and dry container. This 6.7 Sampling from bag filling machines The quantity taken shall comprise a bag of cement obtained during the normal
43、 operation of the machine. It can equally comprise the equivalent quantity (see the second paragraph of 8.1) sampled by a mechanical device fitted in the supply hopper directly above the discharge spouts. If the machine is used for packing different cements, it shall be camplately purged of all the
44、cement previously packed until the cement from vhich samples are to be taken arrives. Depending on the type of packing machine, the quantity so removed may be considerable, The manufacturers representative present at the sampling operation shall determine this quantity. 7 Frequency at which srmples
45、are taken and choice of S u p h typa The frequency of taking samples and the type of sample (spot sample or composite sample) depends on the provisions contained: - in the ogreemants between producer and customer; - in the national, European (ENV 197 tot example) or even international standards; 2 1
46、 - in the certification procedures. 2) A t present at the draft stage c CEN EN*LSb*(PART *7) 89 3404589 O001042 3 I .EN 196 Part 7 Page i i 8 Size and preparation of samples 8.1 Size of sample, to bo taken for verification of compliance Each laboratory sample (or sample for retest or retained sample
47、) shall be of such a size that all the tests specified in the contract or required by standards indicated in the contract or the certification procedure can be carried out twice. Thus, unless specified to the contrary, the mass of these samples shall be at least 5 kg (or more, if necessary, to fill
48、completely the container indicated in 9.2). The total quantity (spot sample or composite sample) to be taken for verifying compliance shall be greater than or at least equal to that required for supplying to all the laboratories concerned the samples indicated in the first paragraph above. This quan
49、tity shall be taken by the equipment specified in clause 5 and in accordanca with the procedures stated in clause 6. In general taking a sample of 40 kg to 50 kg vil1 suffice. . 8.2 Homogenization 8.2.1 General requirements As soon as the quantity of 40 kg to 50 kg indicated in the second paragraph of 8.1 has been collected, it shall becarefully homogenized (preferably in a laboratory) with clean dry implements not liable to react with the ce