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1、DRAFT FOR DEVELOPMENT DD IEC/TS 62257-9-4:2006 Recommendations for small renewable energy and hybrid systems for rural electrification Part 9-4: Integrated system User installation ICS 27.160; 27.180 ? Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Tue Dec 12 03:51:15 GMT
2、+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI DD IEC/TS 62257-9-4:2006 This Draft for Development was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2006 BSI 2006 ISBN 0 580 49644 9 National foreword This Draft for Development was published by BSI. It is the UK
3、 implementation of IEC/TS 62257-9-4:2006. This publication is not to be regarded as a British Standard. It is being issued in the Draft for Development series of publications and is of a provisional nature. It should be applied on this provisional basis, so that information and experience of its pra
4、ctical application can be obtained. Comments arising from the use of this Draft for Development are requested so that UK experience can be reported to the international organization responsible for its conversion to an international standard. A review of this publication will be initiated not later
5、than 3 years after its publication by the international organization so that a decision can be taken on its status. Notification of the start of the review period will be made in an announcement in the appropriate issue of Update Standards. According to the replies received by the end of the review
6、period, the responsible BSI Committee will decide whether to support the conversion into an international Standard, to extend the life of the Technical Specification or to withdraw it. Comments should be sent to the Secretary of the responsible BSI Technical Committee at British Standards House, 389
7、 Chiswick High Road, London W4 4AL. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee GEL/82, Solar photovoltaic energy systems. A list of organizations represented on GEL/82 can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the
8、necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Tue Dec 12 03:51:15 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI TECHNICAL SPECIFI
9、CATION IEC TS 62257-9-4 First edition 2006-10 Recommendations for small renewable energy and hybrid systems for rural electrification Part 9-4: Integrated system User installation Reference number IEC/TS 62257-9-4:2006(E) DD IEC/TS 62257-9-4:2006 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London S
10、outh Bank University, Tue Dec 12 03:51:15 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI CONTENTS INTRODUCTION.5 1 Scope.6 2 Normative reference.6 3 Terms and definitions .6 4 General considerations.7 4.1 General.7 4.2 Installation limits .7 4.3 User interface7 5 Protection against electric shock 8 5.1
11、Requirements for d.c. parts of installation8 5.2 Requirements for a.c. parts of installation8 6 Protection against overcurrent9 7 Protection against effect of lightning.10 7.1 Installation supplied from a microgrid 10 7.2 Standalone installation 10 8 Selection and erection of electrical equipment10
12、8.1 Wiring system10 8.2 Isolation and switching 16 8.3 Surge protective devices .17 8.4 Earthing arrangement, protective conductors and protective bonding 17 8.5 User interface17 9 Verification .17 9.1 Pre-commissioning checks 17 10 Operation and maintenance18 Annex A (informative) Maximum possible
13、length of circuits with different cables and conductors to handle maximum voltage drops (ambient temperature 30C).19 Figure 1 Installation limits 7 Figure 2 Protection of persons in an installation supplied from a microgrid according to a TN-C-S system 8 Figure 3 Protection of persons in a combined
14、d.c. and a.c. system 9 Figure A.1 Maximum possible length of circuit as a function of current for a voltage drop of 3 % in a.c. system in a cable HO5VVF20 Figure A.2 Maximum possible length of circuit as a function of current for a voltage drop of 15 % in d.c. system in a cable 1000RO2V.21 Table 1 m
15、aximum design current of circuits depending on voltages .9 Table 2 Maximum acceptable voltage drop values in installations 11 Table 3 Cross-sectional area for copper conductors in fixed installations.11 Table 4 Selection of wiring systems .12 Table 5 Installation of wiring systems.13 Table 6 Fuses/c
16、ircuit breakers rating and selection for overcurrent protection17 2 DD IEC/TS 62257-9-4:2006 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Tue Dec 12 03:51:15 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI INTRODUCTION The IEC 62257 series intends to provide to different pla
17、yers involved in rural electrification projects (such as project implementers, project contractors, project supervisors, installers, etc.) documents for the setting up of renewable energy and hybrid systems with a.c. nominal voltage below 500 V, d.c. nominal voltage below 750 V and nominal power bel
18、ow 100 kVA. These documents are recommendations: to choose the right system for the right place, to design the system, to operate and maintain the system. These documents are focused only on rural electrification concentrating on but not specific to developing countries. They should not be considere
19、d as all inclusive to rural electrification. The documents try to promote the use of Renewable energies in rural electrification; they do not deal with clean mechanisms developments at this time (CO2 emission, carbon credit, etc.). Further developments in this field could be introduced in future ste
20、ps. This consistent set of documents is best considered as a whole with different parts corresponding to items for safety, sustainability of systems and at the lowest life cycle cost as possible. One of the main objectives is to provide the minimum sufficient requirements, relevant to the field of a
21、pplication that is: small renewable energy and hybrid off-grid systems. 3 DD IEC/TS 62257-9-4:2006 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Tue Dec 12 03:51:15 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SMALL RENEWABLE ENERGY AND HYBRID SYSTEMS F
22、OR RURAL ELECTRIFICATION Part 9-4: Integrated system User installation 1 Scope The purpose of this part of IEC 62257 is to specify the general requirements for the design and the implementation of a users installation. This part of IEC 62257-9 applies to single phase users electrical installations w
23、ith maximum power of 500 VA, in Decentralized Rural Electrification Systems (DRES). NOTE For installations above 500 VA in decentralized electrification systems, IEC 62257-5 applies. This part of IEC 62257-9 is applicable to installations supplied by a microgrid (120 V a.c. or 230 V a.c.) and to ins
24、tallations encompassing their own single-unit micropowerplant (120 V a.c. or 230 V a.c. or 12 V d.c. or 24 V d.c.) The part of IEC 62257-9 applies neither to the electric power production and distribution installations described in the sections concerning microplants and microgrids, nor to user elec
25、trical equipment. It details the rules governing the design and construction of consumers electrical installations for the purpose of ensuring the safety of persons and property, and satisfactory operation in accordance with the purpose for which the installations are designed. It applies to new ins
26、tallations and modifications of existing installations. 2 Normative reference The following referenced documents are essential for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including
27、any amendments) applies. IEC 60269 (all parts), Low-voltage fuses IEC 60364-5-52, Electrical installations of buildings Part 5-52: Selection and erection of electrical equipment Wiring systems IEC 62257 (all parts), Recommendations for small renewable energy and hybrid systems for rural electrificat
28、ion 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 protective conductor (identification: PE) conductor provided for purposes of safety, for example protection against electric shock NOTE In an electrical installation, the conductor identifie
29、d PE is normally also considered as protective earthing conductor. IEV 195-02-09 4 DD IEC/TS 62257-9-4:2006 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Tue Dec 12 03:51:15 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 3.2 PEN conductor conductor combining the functions of
30、 a protective earthing conductor and a neutral conductor IEV 195-02-12 3.3 equipotential bonding provision of electric connections between conductive parts, intended to achieve equipotentiality NOTE The role of the equipotential bonding is to decrease the difference in potential that can exists betw
31、een two exposed-conductive parts of an installation. 3.4 surge arrester device designed to protect the electrical apparatus from high transient overvoltages and to limit the duration and frequently, the amplitude of the follow-on current 3.5 supply point contractual limit between the grid and the us
32、ers installation NOTE In rural electrification systems, it is generally located on the input terminals (microgrid side) of the users interface. 3.6 Surge Protective Device SPD device that is intended to protect the electrical apparatus from transient overvoltages and divert surge current; it contain
33、s at least one non linear component 4 General considerations 4.1 General User installations shall be designed to ensure protection of persons, animal and equipment in compliance with IEC 62257- 5. Specific requirements for generators associated with stand-alone user installations are provided in the
34、 relevant part of the IEC 62257-7 series. 4.2 Installation limits Installation limits are illustrated in following Figure 1. Microgrid Production sub-system Micropowerplant User interface Distribution sub-system User sub-system Installation Generator Other equipment IEC 1909/06 Figure 1 Installation
35、 limits 4.3 User interface See IEC 62257-9-3. 5 DD IEC/TS 62257-9-4:2006 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Tue Dec 12 03:51:15 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 5 Protection against electric shock 5.1 Requirements for d.c. parts of installation Simpl
36、e separation, at least, shall be provided between the d.c. side and the a.c. side of a stand-alone installation (for a PV array, see also IEC 62257-7-1). 5.2 Requirements for a.c. parts of installation 5.2.1 General The characteristics of the protective devices shall be such that if a fault of negli
37、gible impedance occurs anywhere in the installation between a phase conductor and a protective conductor or exposed conductive part, automatic disconnection of the supply will occur within 0,4 s. A residual current protective device, with a rated operating residual current not exceeding 30 mA shall
38、be provided as additional protection for each installation. It shall be placed in the users interface housing. 5.2.2 Neutral earthing system 5.2.2.1 Installation supplied from a microgrid or standalone installation encompassing a micropowerplant 230 V or 120 V a.c. Users electrical installation shou
39、ld be preferably designed according to a TN-S system. NOTE 1 The TT system is not recommended for the users installation, because for the TT system, each house is equipped with an earth electrode. For the electrification of remote villages, it could be difficult to install and maintain an effective
40、earth electrode in each house. Figure 2 illustrates the fault current circulation in TN-C-S systems. NOTE 2 The “grey box” called “user interface” is specified in IEC 62257-9-3. Fault current circulation Ph N PE Ph PEN User Microgrid a.c. source User interface loads IEC 1946/06 Figure 2 Protection o
41、f persons in an installation supplied from a microgrid according to a TN-C-S system 6 DD IEC/TS 62257-9-4:2006 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Tue Dec 12 03:51:15 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 5.2.2.2 Standalone installation with a.c. and d.c.
42、electrical circuits, encompassing d.c. micropowerplant (ex: PV generators) IEC 62257-5 provides provisions to apply on d.c. and a.c. circuits. For combined systems in which a part of the installation is 12 V / 24 V d.c. and the other part is 120 V or 230 V a.c., through a d.c./a.c. converter, a TN-S
43、 system shall be created for the a.c. part. The PE conductor shall be earthed. Figure 3 shows the fault current circulation and the principles for protection of persons in a combined d.c. and a.c. system. Fault current circulation Micro powerplant d.c. and a.c. User interface Ph N PE User d.c. loads
44、 User loads a.c. IEC 1947/06 Figure 3 Protection of persons in a combined d.c. and a.c. system 6 Protection against overcurrent The installation may consist of one single circuit or be divided in several sub-circuits. Each circuit shall be protected against overcurrent. Where the installation compri
45、ses only one circuit, the overcurrent protective device is located in the users interface housing. NOTE 1 if the sub-circuits have the same cross sectional area as the main supply circuit (see 8.1.3), protection may be provided by a single device on the main supply circuit. Table 1 shows the maximum
46、 design current of the circuits in a 500 VA installation. Table 1 maximum design current of circuits depending on voltages Voltage Maximum design current 120 V a.c. 5 A 230 V a.c. 2 A 12 V/ 24 V d.c. 40 A / 20 A NOTE 2 Protection against fire is also performed by RCDs defined in 5.2.1. for a.c. circ
47、uits. 7 DD IEC/TS 62257-9-4:2006 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Tue Dec 12 03:51:15 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 7 Protection against effect of lightning 7.1 Installation supplied from a microgrid The overvoltage protection, where necessary,
48、is provided on the microgrid side. 7.2 Standalone installation If the distance between the external generator and the users installation is less than 15 m: no special measure is required. If the distance between the external generator and the users installation is greater than 15 m and the number of
49、 thunderstorm days per year (obtained from iso-keraunic maps) is high (generally more than 25 days per year), a conductor made of bare copper with a sectional area of at least 10 mm shall be installed between the external generator and the users installation. It shall be installed in the same ditch as the electrical cable (laid in a conduit) as close as possible to it. This creates an equipotential bonding