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1、 ETSI TR 102 376 V1.1.1 (2005-02) Technical Report Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) User guidelines for the second generation system for Broadcasting, Interactive Services, News Gathering and other broadband satellite applications (DVB-S2) European Broadcasting Union Union Europenne de Radio-Tlvisio
2、n EBUUER ETSI ETSI TR 102 376 V1.1.1 (2005-02) 2 Reference DTR/JTC-DVB-166 Keywords broadband, broadcasting, digital, satellite, TV, video ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Associat
3、ion but non lucratif enregistre la Sous-Prfecture de Grasse (06) N 7803/88 Important notice Individual copies of the present document can be downloaded from: http:/www.etsi.org The present document may be made available in more than one electronic version or in print. In any case of existing or perc
4、eived difference in contents between such versions, the reference version is the Portable Document Format (PDF). In case of dispute, the reference shall be the printing on ETSI printers of the PDF version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat. Users of the present document should
5、be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status. Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at http:/portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following servic
6、es: http:/portal.etsi.org/chaircor/ETSI_support.asp Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2005. European Broadcastin
7、g Union 2005. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM and UMTSTM are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. TIPHONTM and the TIPHON logo are Trade Marks currently being registered by ETSI for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benef
8、it of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. ETSI ETSI TR 102 376 V1.1.1 (2005-02) 3 Contents Intellectual Property Rights5 Foreword.5 1 Scope6 2 References6 3 Symbols and abbreviations.8 3.1 Symbols8 3.2 Abbreviations.9 4 General description of the technical characteristics of the DVB
9、-S2 system11 4.1 Commercial requirements 11 4.1.1 Commercial Requirements for Broadcast Services.12 4.1.2 Commercial Requirements for Non-Broadcast Services 13 4.1.3 Common Commercial Requirements14 4.2 Application scenarios.14 4.3 System architecture 15 4.3.1 The system block diagram18 4.3.2 Refere
10、nce performance.19 4.3.2.1 Single carrier per transponder configuration.19 4.3.2.1.1 Sensitivity to satellite power amplifier characteristics 23 4.3.2.1.2 Sensitivity to roll-off .25 4.3.2.2 Multiple carrier per transponder configuration.25 4.4 The backwards compatible modes26 4.4.1 Hierarchical mod
11、ulations27 4.5 Adaptive Coding and Modulation29 4.5.1 ACM: the principles29 4.5.2 Functional description of the DVB-S2 subsystem for ACM 32 4.5.2.1 Specific subsystems for supporting ACM with MPEG-TS.34 4.5.3 DVB-S2 performance in ACM mode.37 4.6 System configurations38 5 Broadcast applications38 5.
12、1 SDTV broadcasting39 5.2 SDTV and HDTV broadcasting with differentiated channel protection.39 5.3 Backwards Compatible services.39 5.3.1 Hierarchical modulations40 6 Interactive applications.40 6.1 IP Unicast Services.41 6.1.1 Single Generic Stream and ACM command.41 6.1.2 Multiple (Generic or Tran
13、sport) Streams43 6.1.3 Encapsulation efficiency of ACM modes.45 6.1.4 Scheduling issues48 6.2 Independent frames structure for Packetized streams with VCM/ACM 50 6.2.1 Independent framing issues (applicable to MPEG-TS).50 6.2.2 Example slicing process51 6.2.3 Specific cases51 7 Contribution services
14、, data content distribution/trunking and other professional applications52 7.1 Distribution of multiple MPEG multiplexes to Digital Terrestrial TV Transmitters52 7.2 DSNG and other professional applications 52 7.2.1 DSNG bit rates and symbol rates53 7.2.2 Phase noise recommendation53 7.2.3 Receiver
15、filter mask53 7.2.4 DSNG carrier spacing.54 7.2.5 Link budget examples for DSNG .55 7.2.5.1 Generic Hypothesis.55 ETSI ETSI TR 102 376 V1.1.1 (2005-02) 4 7.2.5.2 DSNG Examples.58 7.2.6 DSNG transmitting station identification .61 7.2.7 DSNG Services using ACM .61 Annex A: Low Density Parity Check Co
16、des63 A.1 Structure of Parity Check Matrices of Standardized LDPC Codes64 A.2 Description of Standardized LDPC Codes.65 A.3 Performance Results.66 Annex B: DVB-S2 Physical Layer Frame and pilot structure.69 B.1 Structured PLS code for Frame Synchronization.69 B.2 Pilot Structure.71 Annex C: Modem al
17、gorithms design and performance over typical satellite channels.73 C.1 Modulator with Pre-Distortion.74 C.2 Clock Recovery76 C.3 Physical Layer Frame Synchronization76 C.3.1 An algorithm for Frame Synchronization.76 C.3.2 An Alternative Frame Synchronization Algorithm 77 C.3.2.1 Acquisition procedur
18、e description77 C.3.2.2 Performance Analysis.78 C.3.2.3 Acquisition parameters optimization79 C.4 Carrier Frequency Recovery 80 C.5 Automatic Gain Control.82 C.6 Carrier Phase Recovery82 C.6.1 Pilot-Aided Linear Interpolation 82 C.6.2 Fine Phase Recovery for High Order Modulations 84 C.7 Performance
19、 Results.84 Annex D: Capacity assessment in ACM modes.86 D.1 System Sizing Issues87 D.2 Methodology Description.87 D.3 Study Case Results.88 Annex E: Physical layer adaptation in ACM systems95 E.1 Channel estimator.95 E.2 Physical Layer Selector97 E.2.1 Shifted Threshold.98 E.2.2 Hysteresis.99 E.3 P
20、erformance results99 Annex F: ACM receiver implementation101 F.1 Type 1 receiver.101 F.2 Type 2 receiver.102 History104 ETSI ETSI TR 102 376 V1.1.1 (2005-02) 5 Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
21、 pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found in ETSI SR 000 314: “Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI S
22、ecretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (http:/webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314
23、 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by Joint Technical Committee (JTC) Broadcast of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU), Comit Europen de Normalisation ELECtrotechniqu
24、e (CENELEC) and the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI). The work of the JTC was based on the studies carried out by the European DVB Project under the auspices of the Ad Hoc Group on DVB-S2 of the DVB Technical Module. This joint group of industry, operators and broadcasters prov
25、ided the necessary information on all relevant technical matters (see clause 2). NOTE: The EBU/ETSI JTC Broadcast was established in 1990 to co-ordinate the drafting of standards in the specific field of broadcasting and related fields. Since 1995 the JTC Broadcast became a tripartite body by includ
26、ing in the Memorandum of Understanding also CENELEC, which is responsible for the standardization of radio and television receivers. The EBU is a professional association of broadcasting organizations whose work includes the co-ordination of its members activities in the technical, legal, programme-
27、making and programme-exchange domains. The EBU has active members in about 60 countries in the European broadcasting area; its headquarters is in Geneva. European Broadcasting Union CH-1218 GRAND SACONNEX (Geneva) Switzerland Tel: +41 22 717 21 11 Fax: +41 22 717 24 81 Founded in September 1993, the
28、 DVB Project is a market-led consortium of public and private sector organizations in the television industry. Its aim is to establish the framework for the introduction of MPEG-2 based digital television services. Now comprising over 200 organizations from more than 25 countries around the world, D
29、VB fosters market-led systems, which meet the real needs, and economic circumstances, of the consumer electronics and the broadcast industry. ETSI ETSI TR 102 376 V1.1.1 (2005-02) 6 1 Scope The present document gives an overview of the technical and operational issues relevant to the system specifie
30、d in EN 302 307 2 “Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB): Second generation framing structure, channel coding and modulation systems for Broadcasting, Interactive Services, News Gathering and other broadband satellite applications“, including service quality and link availability evaluation for typical D
31、SNG and fixed contribution links, with the purpose to facilitate its interpretation. 2 References For the purposes of this Technical Report (TR), the following references apply: 1 ETSI EN 300 421: “Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Framing structure, channel coding and modulation for 11/12 GHz satel
32、lite services“. 2 ETSI EN 302 307: “Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Second generation framing structure, channel coding and modulation systems for Broadcasting, Interactive Services, News Gathering and other broadband satellite applications“. 3 ISO/IEC 13818 (parts 1 and 2): “ Information technolo
33、gy - Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information“. 4 ETSI EN 301 210: “Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Framing structure, channel coding and modulation for Digital Satellite News Gathering (DSNG) and other contribution applications by satellite“. 5 ETSI TR 101 154: “ Digital
34、 Video Broadcasting (DVB); Implementation guidelines for the use of Video and Audio Coding in Broadcasting Applications based on the MPEG-2 Transport Stream“. 6 ETSI EN 300 468: “Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Specification for Service Information (SI) in DVB systems“. 7 ETSI EN 301 192: “Digital
35、 Video Broadcasting (DVB); DVB specification for data broadcasting“. 8 ETSI EN 300 429: “Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Framing structure, channel coding and modulation for cable systems“. 9 ETSI TR 101 221: “Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); User guideline for Digital Satellite News Gathering (D
36、SNG) and other contribution applications by satellite“. 10 U. Reimers, A. Morello: “DVB-S2, the second generation standard for satellite broadcasting and unicasting“, International Journal on Satellite Communication Networks, 2004; 22. 11 R. Gallager: “Low Density Parity Check Codes“, IRE Trans. on
37、Info. Theory, January 1962. 12 M. Eroz, F.-W. Sun and L.-N. Lee: “DVB-S2 Low Density Parity Check Codes with near Shannon Limit Performance“, International Journal on Satellite Communication Networks, 2004; 22. 13 E. Casini, R. De Gaudenzi, A. Ginesi: “DVB-S2 modem algorithms design and performance
38、over typical satellite channels“, International Journal on Satellite Communication Networks, 2004; 22. 14 F.-W. Sun Y. Jiang and L.-N. Lee: “Frame synchronization and pilot structure for DVB-S2“ International Journal on Satellite Communication Networks, 2004; 22. 15 R. Rinaldo, M. Vazquez-Castro, A.
39、 Morello: “DVB-S2 ACM modes for IP and MPEG unicast applications“, International Journal on Satellite Communication Networks, 2004; 22. 16 S. Cioni, R. De Gaudenzi, R. Rinaldo: “Adaptive Coding and Modulation for the Forward Link of Broadband Satellite Networks“ in the Proc. of the Globecom 2003 Con
40、ference, San Francisco, Dec 2003. ETSI ETSI TR 102 376 V1.1.1 (2005-02) 7 17 E. Chen, J. L. Koslov, V. Mignone, J. Santoru: “DVB-S2 Backward-compatible modes: a Bridge Between the Present and the Future“, International Journal on Satellite Communication Networks, 2004; 22. 18 R. Rinaldo, R. De Gaude
41、nzi: “Capacity analysis and system optimization for the forward link of multi-beam satellite broadband systems exploiting adaptive coding and modulation“, International Journal on Satellite Communication Networks, 2004; 22. 19 U. Reimers (ed.): “Digital Video Broadcasting - The DVB Family of Standar
42、ds for Digital Television“, 2nd ed., 2004, Springer Publishers, New York, ISBN 3-540-43545-X. 20 M.A. Vazquez-Castro et Al.: “Scheduling issues in ACM DVB-S2 systems: performance assessment through a comprehensive OPNET simulator“, under preparation. 21 C.E. Gilchriest: “Signal to Noise Monitoring“
43、JPL Space Programs Summary, No 37-27, Vol IV, pp 169-176. 22 D. J. MacKay and R. M. Neal: “Good codes based on very sparse matrices“, 5th IMA Conf. 1995, pp.100-111. 23 D. J. MacKay and R. M. Neal: “Near Shannon limit performance of low density parity check codes“, Electronics Lett. Mar. 1997, vol.
44、33, no.6, pp. 457-458. 24 T. Richardson and R. Urbanke: “Efficient encoding of low-density parity check codes“, IEEE Trans. Info. Theory, vol. 47, pp.638-656, Feb. 2001. 25 T. Richardson, A. Shokrollahi and R. Urbanke: “Design of capacity approaching irregular low density parity check codes“, IEEE T
45、rans. Inform. Theory, Feb. 2001, vol. 47, pp. 619-637. 26 U. Mengali and A.N. DAndrea: “Synchronization Techniques for Digital Receivers“, Plenum Press, New York, USA, 1997. 27 R. De Gaudenzi, A. Guillen i Fabregas, A. Martinez Vicente: “Turbo-coded APSK Modulations for Satellite Broadcasting and Mu
46、lticasting- Part I: Coded Modulation Design“, submitted to IEEE Trans. On Wireless Communications 2004. 28 R. De Gaudenzi, A. Guillen i Fabregas, A. Martinez Vicente: “Turbo-coded APSK Modulations for Satellite Broadcasting - Part II: End-to-End Performance“ submitted to IEEE Trans. On Wireless Comm
47、unications 2004. 29 G. Karam and H. Sari: “A Data Pre-distortion Technique with Memory for QAM Radio Systems“, IEEE Transactions on Communications, Vol. COM-39, No. 2, pp 336- 344, February 1991. 30 R. De Gaudenzi and M. Luise: “Design and Analysis of an All-Digital Demodulator for Trellis Coded 16-
48、QAM Transmission over a Non-linear Satellite Channel“, IEEE Trans. on Comm., Vol. 43, No. 2/3/4, February/March/April 1995, part I. 31 F. M. Gardner: “A BPSK/QPSK timing-error detector for sampled receivers“, IEEE Trans. On Communications, vol. COM-34, no. 5, May 1986. 32 M. Luise and R. Reggiannini
49、: “Carrier Frequency Recovery in All Digital Modems for Burst Mode Transmissions“, IEEE Transactions on Communications, COM-43, pp. 1169-1178, Feb./March/Apr. 1995. 33 M. Oerder and H. Meyr: “Digital Filter and Square Timing Recovery“, IEEE Trans. Commun., COM-36, May 1988. 34 Jack K.Holmes: “Coherent spread spectrum systems“, Wiley Interscience, pp 395 to 426. 35 A. Morello, V. Mignone: “DVB-S2 ready to lift-off“, IBC04 Conference, Amsterdam, 9-13 September, 2004. 36 D.R. Pauluzzi and N.