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1、 Product Safety Bureau Reference Manual Book 5 - Laboratory Policies and Procedures F02-1 2008-12-22 Part B: Test Methods Section, Method F-02 TEST METHOD FOR THE FLAMMABILITY OF TOYS (DOLLS, PLUSH TOYS AND SOFT TOYS) 65 1SCOPE 1.1This method describes procedures for evaluating the flammability of d
2、olls and doll clothing, plush toys and soft toys and is applicable to item 14 (dolls, plush and soft toys), paragraphs (d), (e) and (f) of Part II of Schedule I to the Hazardous Products Act (HPA). 2APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS 2.1Hazardous Products (Toys) Regulations (HP(Toys)R) (relevant sections and sche
3、dules in Appendix I) 2.2Method F-22 of this manual, “Test Method for the Detection of Flame Retardants in Textile Products or Fibres“. 3DEFINITIONS 3.1Base Burn The base of a specimen having a raised fibre surface is ignited or fused to a point where the damage is apparent from the underside of the
4、specimen. Note: Base burn is not a pass/fail requirement under the HP(Toys)R and is recorded but not reported. 3.2Flame spread time (FST): The time taken by the flame on the burning specimen to travel from the point of application of the ignition source to reach the stop-cord and sever it. This time
5、 is automatically registered on the flammability tester. 3.3Ignited But Extinguished (IBE): The specimen ignites but the flame extinguishes before reaching the stop-cord. 3.4Raised-fibre surface: A napped, pile, tufted, flocked or similar surface. 3.5Surface Burn (SB) Surface fibres are burned more
6、slowly than a TSF. Stop-cord is severed and a flame spread time is recorded. No base burn occurs. 3.6Surface Burn, Base Burn (SBBB): Surface fibres are burned and then base burn occurs. An FST is recorded. 3.7Surface Flash (SF): Surface fibres are burned rapidly. No FST is recorded. No base burn occ
7、urs. 3.8Surface Flash, Base Burn (SFBB): Surface fibres are burned rapidly but the stop cord is not severed. The specimen continues to burn eventually causing base burn and an FST is recorded. Product Safety Bureau Reference Manual Book 5 - Laboratory Policies and Procedures F02-2 2008-12-22 Part B:
8、 Test Methods Section, Method F-02 TEST METHOD FOR THE FLAMMABILITY OF TOYS (DOLLS, PLUSH TOYS AND SOFT TOYS) 65 3.9Textile fibre: Any natural or manufactured matter that is capable of being made into a yarn or fabric, including human hair, kapok, feathers and down and animal hair from an animal ski
9、n. (Textile Labelling Act, R.S., 1985, c.T-10). 3.10Timed Surface Flash (TSF): Surface fibres are burned rapidly and an FST of # 4s is recorded. No base burn occurs. 3.11Timed Surface Flash, Base Burn (TSFBB): Surface fibres are burned rapidly and an FST of # 4s is recorded. The specimen continues t
10、o burn eventually causing base burn. 3.12Yarn: Generic name for an assemblage of fibres that are laid or twisted together. 3.2.1Spun Yarn: Evenly distributed, coherent arrangement of any type of fibres of varying or similar staple length. 3.2.2Filament Yarn: Made from various continuous filaments. 4
11、APPARATUS 4.1See Schedule VI of the Hazardous Products (Toys) Regulations. 4.2Desiccator: 6 drawer desiccating cabinet 5PROCEDURE 5.1If the presence of a flame-retardant treatment in the sample is suspected (e.g. unexpected burning behaviour), use method F-22 to verify. If the presence of such a tre
12、atment is confirmed, wash and dry the sample following “Laundering Procedure“ given in section 5, Schedule V of the Toys Regulations (Appendix I). Note the following: a) 1 imperial gallon = 4.546 L b) rinse water temperature is 27/C with a tolerance of 1.5/C 5.2Item 14(d), Part II, Schedule I of the
13、 HPA: Dolls, plush (raised fibre) toys and soft toys that have an outer covering consisting in whole or in part of a flat or raised fibre textile material or natural fur. e.g. stuffed animals, toys made from a solid base with an outer covering glued to it, dolls, doll clothes and accessories. (secti
14、on 16 of the HP(Toys)R) 5.2.1If at least one test specimen can be obtained, either as a whole, with a seam or by piecing (see para. 5.2.1.3) test in accordance with the procedure given in Schedule V of the Toy Regulations; Product Safety Bureau Reference Manual Book 5 - Laboratory Policies and Proce
15、dures F02-3 2008-12-22 Part B: Test Methods Section, Method F-02 TEST METHOD FOR THE FLAMMABILITY OF TOYS (DOLLS, PLUSH TOYS AND SOFT TOYS) 65 5.2.1.1 If at least one test specimen cannot be removed from the toy and the exposed pile length is two inches or more, test according to the procedures give
16、n in section 16(2) of the Toys Regulations. 5.2.1.2 If at least one test specimen cannot be removed from the toy and the exposed pile length is less than two inches, the toy does not require testing. 5.2.1.3 Piecing: Paragraph 4(4) of Schedule V of the HP(Toys)R states that if there is insufficient
17、material, including any seam, to produce 1 test specimen then pieces may be removed and reassembled in the specimen holder in the same orientation as in the original sample. 5.2.1.3.1If even 1 specimen can be prepared without piecing then there is no requirement to produce more specimens. 5.2.1.3.2P
18、ieces are only obtained from a single sample unit. 5.2.1.3.3If more than 3 pieces are required to produce 1 test specimen then piecing is not performed on the sample unit. 5.2.1.3.4Pieces shall be mounted in the specimen holder so that they overlap, leaving no gaps. The overlap shall be from bottom
19、to top so that edge ignition is minimized (e.g. 3 pieces from bottom to top are A, B and C - A overlaps B and B overlaps C) 5.2.1.3.5Doll clothing: clothing that comes with a doll or that are sold separately in sets are considered as one sample unit. Therefore pieces may be obtained from different c
20、lothing items if they are of the same fabric (e.g. a skirt and a shirt). 5.2.1.3.6 Care must be taken when brushing pieced specimens that have a raised-fibre surface. 5.2.1.4 Multilayer garments: If a sample unit, or part thereof, consists of multiple layers that are quilted or sewn all around so th
21、at there are no loose edges, specimens shall be taken from the whole thickness (e.g. a quilted vest). If the multiple layers are different and have loose edges then each layer is tested separately (e.g. a multilayer skirt where the layers are sewn together at the waist but have separate hems) 5.3Ite
22、m 14(e), Part II, Schedule I of the HPA: Dolls, plush (raised fibre) toys and soft toys that have exposed surfaces that consist of strands of spun staple or bulked continuous filament form (section 17 of the HP(Toys)R) 5.3.1If the strands of yarn are 6“ or longer, test the product according to proce
23、dures given in Schedule VII of the Toys Regulations. Product Safety Bureau Reference Manual Book 5 - Laboratory Policies and Procedures F02-4 2008-12-22 Part B: Test Methods Section, Method F-02 TEST METHOD FOR THE FLAMMABILITY OF TOYS (DOLLS, PLUSH TOYS AND SOFT TOYS) 65 5.3.2If the product does no
24、t have enough 6“ or longer lengths of the yarn to produce at least one, 2.54 cm (1“) wide specimen as per Schedule VII, test the product in accordance with Schedule V, if possible. 5.3.3If the product has short lengths of yarn (less than 6“) then test the product in accordance with the test procedur
25、es set out in Schedule V, if possible. If the product is too small to provide at least one test specimen, or it is not feasible to produce a test specimen according to Schedule V, no testing is required. 5.4Item 14(f), Part II, Schedule I of the HPA: Dolls, plush (raised fibre) toys and soft toys th
26、at have hair or mane, or simulated hair or simulated mane, other than yarn described in paragraph 14(e) (section 18 of the HP(Toys)R). Test in accordance with the procedures described in section 18 of the Toys Regulations. 5.5With respect to paragraphs 5.2.1.1 and 5.3, if the pile, hair, mane etc. i
27、s small enough that it can be readily placed within the test apparatus as found on the sample unit then do so (e.g. the head of a fashion doll). If the item is too big to place in the test apparatus then cut chunks/hanks from the sample unit, place the cut end into a bulldog clip and hold the bulldo
28、g clip with your hand or a pair of tongs when placing it into the test apparatus. In all cases, ensure that the specimen is centred and aligned with the indicating finger. For dolls whose hair is styled in a bun or a braid, undo it prior to testing. 5.6Following flowchart has been found to be useful
29、 in determining which procedure to use for various components of a sample. The flowchart does not cover all possible circumstances - verify using this method and the HP(Toys)R. Product Safety Bureau Reference Manual Book 5 - Laboratory Policies and Procedures F02-5 2008-12-22 Part B: Test Methods Se
30、ction, Method F-02 TEST METHOD FOR THE FLAMMABILITY OF TOYS (DOLLS, PLUSH TOYS AND SOFT TOYS) 65 5.5For each material tested, cut three swatches (app. 25 mm 25 mm) from the sample and mark them with an arrow indicating the direction of test on the outer surface. Tape one swatch to the inside cover o
31、f the sample folder and send one each to the inspector and the project officer ensuring it is identified by sample record number. If retaining a hard copy of the final report within the section, cut an extra swatch and staple it to this copy. Product Safety Bureau Reference Manual Book 5 - Laborator
32、y Policies and Procedures F02-6 2008-12-22 Part B: Test Methods Section, Method F-02 TEST METHOD FOR THE FLAMMABILITY OF TOYS (DOLLS, PLUSH TOYS AND SOFT TOYS) 65 6QUALITY ASSURANCE 6.1The timing device on the flammability tester shall be calibrated yearly in accordance with the manufacturers recomm
33、ended procedures. 6.2The desiccant used must be anhydrous. This can be ensured by using a desiccant with an indicator. 6.3The flame length must be measured and adjusted to the proper length with the metal gauge provided with the instrument 6.4When laundering, the soap concentration and the temperatu
34、re of the water must be controlled 7TEST REPORT 7.1The test report shall contain, at a minimum, the following information: 7.1.1 The number and title of this method including the amendment date. 7.1.2The composition or fibre content, if given (from the label or Sample Record Form) and the constructi
35、on of the fabric (woven or knit, raised fibre surface). 7.1.3The direction in which the fabric was tested (lengthwise or crosswise). If the nature of the material does not make lengthwise/crosswise readily apparent use warp/weft or wales/courses, as applicable. 7.1.4Whether the test results apply to
36、 the fabric as-received or after laundering. 7.1.5Flame spread time (FST) for each specimen tested. 7.1.6If more than one sample unit is tested then the results for each sample unit are reported separately. 7.1.7If more than one material from the sample unit is tested then the results for each mater
37、ial are reported separately. Identify the results for each material by sample unit, location, colour and/or construction (e.g. Sample Unit #2, light, brown fur). Product Safety Bureau Reference Manual Book 5 - Laboratory Policies and Procedures F02-7 2008-12-22 Part B: Test Methods Section, Method F
38、-02 TEST METHOD FOR THE FLAMMABILITY OF TOYS (DOLLS, PLUSH TOYS AND SOFT TOYS) 65 1This consolidation is prepared for convenience only. For all purposes of interpreting and applying the law, users should consult the regulations, as registered by the Clerk of the Privy Council and published in Part I
39、I of the Canada Gazette. APPENDIX I relevant sections and schedules of Hazardous Products (Tents) Regulations1 that deal with the flammability of toys 16. (1) Subject to subsections (2) and (3), every product described in paragraph 14(d) of Part II of Schedule I to the Act shall, when tested in acco
40、rdance with the test procedures set out in Schedule V, have a time of flame spread in excess of 7 seconds. (2) Where, due to the small size of a product referred to in subsection (1), sufficient material, including any seam, cannot be removed from the product to provide at least one of the test spec
41、imens required in the test referred to in Schedule V and the exposed pile length is two inches or more, the product, after being (a) subjected to the laundering procedure prescribed in item 5 of Schedule VII, if the textile material or natural fur is known to have a flame-retarding finish, or if pre
42、liminary testing indicates that such a finish may be present, (b) dried in an oven for 30 minutes at 221/F (105/C) or for 120 minutes at 167/F (75/C), (c) removed from the oven, and (d) placed over a desiccant such as anhydrous calcium chloride in a desiccator until cool, but for not less than 15 mi
43、nutes or more than two hours, shall (e) not flame upon a one-second impingement of the calibrated flame applied by the flammability tester specified in item 1 of Schedule VI; or (f) self-extinguish within two seconds of the removal of the flame referred to in paragraph (d). (3) Where, due to the sma
44、ll size of a product referred to in subsection (1), sufficient material, including any seam, cannot be removed from the product to provide at least one of the test specimens required in the test referred to in Schedule V and the exposed pile length is less than two inches, subsection (1) is not appl
45、icable to the product. 17. (1) Subject to subsection (2), every product described in paragraph 14(e) of Part II of Schedule I to the Act shall have a time of flame spread in excess of 7 seconds, Product Safety Bureau Reference Manual Book 5 - Laboratory Policies and Procedures F02-8 2008-12-22 Part
46、B: Test Methods Section, Method F-02 TEST METHOD FOR THE FLAMMABILITY OF TOYS (DOLLS, PLUSH TOYS AND SOFT TOYS) 65 (a) when tested in accordance with the test procedures set out in Schedule VII; or (b) where, due to the short length of the yarn, sufficient material cannot be removed from the product
47、 to provide at least one of the test specimens required in the test procedures set out in Schedule VII, when tested in accordance with the test procedures set out in Schedule V. (2) Where, due to the short length of the yarn and the small size of a product referred to in subsection (1), sufficient m
48、aterial, including any seam, cannot be removed from the product to provide at least one of the test specimens required in the test procedures set out in Schedule V, subsection (1) is not applicable to the product. 18. The hair or mane, or simulated hair or simulated mane, of every product described
49、in paragraph 14(f) of Part II of Schedule I to the Act, after being (a) subjected to the laundering procedure prescribed in item 5 of Schedule VII if the hair or mane, or simulated hair or simulated mane is known to have a flame-retarding finish, or if preliminary testing indicates that such a finish may be present, (b) dried in an oven for 30 minutes at 221/F (105/C) or for 120 minutes at 167/F (75/C), (c) removed from the oven, and (d) placed over a desiccant such a