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1、 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1037:1995+A1 April 2008 ICS 13.110 Supersedes EN 1037:1995 English Version Safety of machinery - Prevention of unexpected start-up Scurit des machines - Prvention de la mise en marche intempestive Sicherheit von Maschinen - Vermeidung von unerwar
2、tetem Anlauf This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 July 1995 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 18 March 2008. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national stand
3、ard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
4、language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, F
5、inland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHE
6、S KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1037:1995+A1:2008: E EN 1037:1995+A1:2008 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 Introduction.4 1 Scope 4 2 Nor
7、mative references4 3 Definitions 5 4 General6 4.1 Isolation and energy dissipation6 4.2 Other means to prevent unexpected unintended start-up6 5 Devices for isolation and energy dissipation.6 5.1 Devices for isolation from power supplies .6 5.2 Locking securing devices 7 5.3 Devices for stored energ
8、y dissipation or restraint containment .7 5.4 Verification .8 6 Measures other than isolation and energy dissipation intended to prevent unexpected start-up9 6.1 Design strategy9 6.2 Measures intended to prevent accidental generation of start commands9 6.3 Measures intended to prevent accidental sta
9、rt commands resulting in an unexpected start-up10 6.4 Automatic monitoring of the category 2 stopped condition.13 Annex A (informative) Examples of tasks which can require the presence of persons in danger zones.14 Annex B (informative) Signalling, warning.15 Annex ZA (informative) !Relationship bet
10、ween this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC16 Annex ZB (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC17 Bibliography18 EN 1037:1995+A1:2008 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 1037:1995+A1:2008
11、) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 114 “Safety of machinery”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2008, and conflicting
12、national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2008. This document supersedes EN 1037:1995. This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2008-03-18. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !“. This document has been p
13、repared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). !For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this document.“ The drafting was car
14、ried out by a working group of CEN/TC 114 (WG 9) with participation of experts from CENELEC/TC 44 X. This standard is a type B1 standard in accordance with EN 414. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implemen
15、t this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and
16、 the United Kingdom. EN 1037:1995+A1:2008 (E) 4 Introduction Keeping a machine in a stopped condition while persons are present in danger zones is one of the most important conditions of the safe use of machinery and hence one of the major aims of the machine designer and machine user. In the past,
17、the concepts of “operating machine“ and “stopped machine“ were generally unambiguous; a machine was: Operating when its movable elements, or some of them, were moving; Stopped when its movable elements were at rest. Machine automation has made the relationship between “operating“ and “moving“ on the
18、 one hand, “stopped“ and “at rest“ on the other hand, more difficult to define. Automation has also increased the potential for unexpected start-up, and there are a significant number of accidents where machines, stopped for diagnostic work or corrective actions, started up unexpectedly. Hazards oth
19、er than mechanical hazards generated by movable elements (e.g. from a laser beam) also need to be taken into account. The risk assessment relating to the presence of persons in a danger zone of a stopped machine needs to take into account the probability of an unexpected start-up of the hazard-gener
20、ating machine elements. This standard provides machine designers and technical committees in charge of preparing machinery safety standards with a survey of built-in measures intended to prevent unexpected start-up. 1 Scope This standard specifies built-in safety measures aimed at preventing unexpec
21、ted machine start-up (see 3.2) to allow safe human interventions in danger zones (see Annex A). This standard applies to unexpected start-up from all types of energy source, i.e.: Power supply, e.g. electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic; Stored energy due to, e.g., gravity, compressed springs; External i
22、nfluences, e.g. from wind; 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subseq
23、uent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 292-1:1991, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles
24、for design Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology. EN 1037:1995+A1:2008 (E) 5 EN 292-2:1991, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 2: Technical principles and specifications. prEN 10501), Safety of machinery Principles for risk assessment. ENV 1070, Safety of machine
25、ry Terminology. EN 60204-1:1992, Safety of machinery Electrical equipment of machines Part 1: General requirements. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this standard, the definitions given in ENV 1070 “Safety of machinery Terminology“ apply, together with the following: 3.1 start-up (machine start-up)
26、 change from rest to motion of a machine or of one of its parts NOTE The definition includes functions other than motion, e.g. switch-on of a laser beam 3.2 unexpected unintended start-up any start-up caused by: a start command which is the result of a failure in, or an external influence on, the co
27、ntrol system; a start command generated by inopportune action on a start control or other parts of the machine, as e.g. a sensor or a power control element; restoration of the power supply after an interruption; external/internal influences (gravity, wind, self-ignition in internal combustion engine
28、s) on parts of the machine; NOTE Automatic machine start-up during normal operation is not unintended, but can be considered to be unexpected from the point of view of the operator. Prevention of accidents in this case involves the use of safeguarding measures (see clause 4 of EN 292-2:1991) 3.3 iso
29、lation and energy dissipation a procedure which consists of all the four following actions: a) isolating disconnecting, separating the machine (or defined parts of the machine) from all power supplies; b) if necessary (for instance in large machines or in installations), locking (or otherwise securi
30、ng) all the isolating units in the isolating position; c) dissipating or restraining containing any stored energy which may give rise to a hazard. NOTE Energy may be stored in e.g.: Mechanical parts continuing to move through inertia; 1) Draft standard prepared by CEN/TC 114/WG 14 EN 1037:1995+A1:20
31、08 (E) 6 Mechanical parts liable to move by gravity; Capacitators, accumulators; Pressurized fluids; Springs. d) Verifying by means of a safe working procedure that the actions taken according to a), b) and c) above have produced the desired effect. 4 General 4.1 Isolation and energy dissipation Mac
32、hines shall be provided with devices intended for isolation and energy dissipation (see clause 5), especially with a view to major maintenance, work on power circuits and decommissioning (see the essential safety requirement expressed in 1.6.3 of annex A of EN 292-2:1991). 4.2 Other means to prevent
33、 unexpected unintended start-up If the use of isolation and energy dissipation is not appropriate (e.g. for frequent short interventions in danger zones), the designer shall provide, according to the risk assessment (see prEN 1050), other measures (see clause 6) to prevent unexpected start-up. Addit
34、ional means such as signalling and/or warning may be appropriate (see annex B). NOTE 1 Examples of tasks which can require the presence of persons in danger zones are given in annex A NOTE 2 According to 5.7.1 of EN 292-1:1991, the designer should as completely as possible determine the different ma
35、chine operating modes and the need for the presence of persons in danger zones. Appropriate built-in safety measures can then be provided to prevent operators from being induced to use hazardous operating modes and hazardous intervention techniques caused by technical difficulties in the use of the
36、machine (see also 3.12 “Intended use of a machine“ of EN 292-1:1991). 5 Devices for isolation and energy dissipation 5.1 Devices for isolation from power supplies 5.1.1 Isolation devices shall: Ensure a reliable isolation (disconnection, separation); Have a reliable mechanical link between the manua
37、l control and the isolating element(s); Be equipped with clear and unambiguous identification of the state of the isolation device which corresponds to each position of its manual control (actuator). NOTE 1 For electrical equipment, a supply disconnecting device complying with 5.3 “Supply disconnect
38、ing (isolating) device“ of EN 60204-1:1992 meets this requirement. NOTE 2 Plug and socket systems (for electrical supplies), or their pneumatic, hydraulic or mechanical equivalents, are examples of isolating devices with which it is possible to achieve a visible and reliable discontinuity in the pow
39、er supply circuits. For electrical plug/socket combinations, see 5.3.2 d) of EN 60204-1:1992. NOTE 3 For hydraulic and pneumatic equipment, see also 5.1.6 of prEN 982 and 5.1.6 of prEN 983. EN 1037:1995+A1:2008 (E) 7 5.1.2 The location and number of isolation devices are determined by the configurat
40、ion of the machine, the need for the presence of persons in danger zones and the risk assessment. Each isolation device shall make it possible (e.g. by durable marking where necessary) to readily identify which machine or machine part it isolates. NOTE For electrical equipment of machinery, see also
41、 5.4 “Devices for switching off for prevention of unexpected start-up“ of EN 60204-1:1992. 5.1.3 When, during isolation of the machine, certain circuits have to remain connected to their power supply in order, e.g. to hold parts, save information or provide local lighting, special means shall be pro
42、vided to ensure operator safety. NOTE Such means include enclosures which can be opened only with a key or a special tool, warning labels and/or warning lights 5.2 Locking securing devices The isolating devices shall be capable of being locked or otherwise secured in the isolating position. NOTE 1 L
43、ocking devices may not be necessary when a plug/socket combination is used and the plug can be kept under immediate supervision of the person present in the danger zone NOTE 2 Locking devices include: Facilities to apply one or more padlocks; Trapped-key interlocking devices (see annex E of prEN 108
44、8), one of the locks of which is used to lock secure the isolating device; Lockable covers or enclosures. Locking devices are not required when reconnection cannot endanger persons. 5.3 Devices for stored energy dissipation or restraint containment 5.3.1 General 5.3.1.1 Devices for stored energy dis
45、sipation or restraint containment shall be incorporated into the machine where stored energy can give rise to a hazard. NOTE Such devices include, e.g., brakes intended to absorb kinetic energy of moving parts, resistors and relevant circuitry to discharge electrical capacitators, valves or similar
46、devices to depressurize fluid accumulators (see 5.1.6 of prEN 982 and 5.1.6 of prEN 983). 5.3.1.2 When dissipation of stored energy would excessively reduce the availability of the machine, additional devices shall be incorporated to reliably restrain or contain the remaining stored energy. 5.3.1.3
47、The devices for energy dissipation or restraint containment should be selected and arranged so that: Dissipation or restraint containment results from the isolation of the machine (of part of it) from the power supplies; The energy dissipation process does not give rise to hazardous situations. EN 1
48、037:1995+A1:2008 (E) 8 5.3.1.4 The necessary procedures for energy dissipation or restraint containment shall be described in the instruction handbook of the machine or in warnings on the machine itself. 5.3.2 Mechanical elements When mechanical elements can give rise to a hazardous situation By vir
49、tue of their weight and position (e.g. unbalanced, or raised, or in any situation where they could move under the effect of gravity), or As a result of the action upon them of spring load (whatever the spring may be), it shall be possible to bring them to the lowest energy state (e.g. lowest position or spring relaxed) either by the usual machine manual controls or by devices specifically designed and identified (marked) for that function. When mechanical elements cannot be brought