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1、TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION STANDARD VERTICAL TANKS - FIELD ERECTION AND TESTING DEP 64.51.01.31-Gen. December 1995 DESIGN AND ENGINEERING PRACTICE This document is confidential. Neither the whole nor any part of this document may be disclosed to any third party without the prior written consent of Shel
2、l International Oil Products B.V. and Shell International Exploration and Production B.V., The Hague, The Netherlands. The copyright of this document is vested in these companies. All rights reserved. Neither the whole nor any part of this document may be reproduced, stored in any retrieval system o
3、r transmitted in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, reprographic, recording or otherwise) without the prior written consent of the copyright owners. PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version PREFACE DEP (Design and Engineering Practice) publications reflect the views, at the time
4、 of publication, of: Shell International Oil Products B.V. (SIOP) and Shell International Exploration and Production B.V. (SIEP) and Shell International Chemicals B.V. (SIC) The Hague, The Netherlands, and other Service Companies. They are based on the experience acquired during their involvementwit
5、h the design, construction, operation and maintenance of processing units and facilities, and they are supplemented with the experience of Group Operating companies. Where appropriate they are based on, or reference is made to, national and international standards and codes of practice. The objectiv
6、e is to set the recommendedstandard for good design and engineeringpractice applied by Group companies operating an oil refinery, gas handling installation, chemical plant, oil and gas production facility, or any other such facility, and thereby to achieve maximum technical and economic benefit from
7、 standardization. The information set forth in these publications is provided to users for their consideration and decision to implement. This is of particular importance where DEPs may not cover every requirement or diversity of condition at each locality. The system of DEPs is expected to be suffi
8、ciently flexible to allow individual operating companies to adapt the information set forth in DEPs to their own environment and requirements. When Contractors or Manufacturers/Suppliers use DEPs they shall be solely responsible for the quality of work and the attainment of the required design and e
9、ngineering standards. In particular, for those requirements not specifically covered, the Principal will expect them to follow those design and engineering practices which will achieve the same level of integrity as reflected in the DEPs. If in doubt, the Contractor or Manufacturer/Supplier shall, w
10、ithout detracting from his own responsibility, consult the Principal or its technical advisor. The right to use DEPs is granted by SIOP, SIEP or SIC, in most cases under Service Agreements primarily with companies of the Royal Dutch/Shell Group and other companies receiving technical advice and serv
11、ices from SIOP, SIEP or SIC. Consequently, three categories of users of DEPs can be distinguished: 1)Operating companies having a Service Agreement with SIOP, SIEP, SIC or other Service Company. The use of DEPs by these Operating companies is subject in all respects to the terms and conditions of th
12、e relevant Service Agreement. 2)Other parties who are authorized to use DEPs subject to appropriate contractual arrangements. 3)Contractors/subcontractors and Manufacturers/Suppliers under a contract with users referred to under 1) or 2) which requires that tenders for projects, materials supplied o
13、r - generally - work performed on behalf of the said users comply with the relevant standards. Subject to any particular terms and conditions as may be set forth in specific agreements with users, SIOP, SIEP and SIC disclaim any liability of whatsoever nature for any damage (including injury or deat
14、h) suffered by any company or person whomsoever as a result of or in connection with the use, application or implementation of any DEP, combination of DEPs or any part thereof. The benefit of this disclaimer shall inure in all respects to SIOP, SIEP, SIC and/or any company affiliated to these compan
15、ies that may issue DEPs or require the use of DEPs. Without prejudice to any specific terms in respect of confidentiality under relevant contractual arrangements, DEPs shall not, without the prior written consent of SIOP and SIEP, be disclosed by users to any company or person whomsoever and the DEP
16、s shall be used exclusively for the purpose for which they have been provided to the user. They shall be returned after use, including any copies which shall only be made by users with the express prior written consent of SIOP and SIEP. The copyright of DEPs vests in SIOP and SIEP. Users shall arran
17、ge for DEPs to be held in safe custody and SIOP or SIEP may at any time require information satisfactory to them in order to ascertain how users implement this requirement. All administrative queries should be directed to the DEP Administrator in SIOP. NOTE: In addition to DEP publications there are
18、 Standard Specifications and Draft DEPs for Development (DDDs). DDDs generally introduce new procedures or techniques that will probably need updating as further experience develops during their use. The above requirements for distribution and use of DEPs are also applicable to Standard Specificatio
19、ns and DDDs. Standard Specifications and DDDs will gradually be replaced by DEPs. DEP 64.51.01.31-Gen. December 1995 Page 2 PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.INTRODUCTION .5 1.1SCOPE 5 1.2DISTRIBUTION, INTENDED USE AND REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS5 1.3CROSS-REFERENCES 5
20、 2.DEFINITIONS 6 2.1GENERAL DEFINITIONS 6 2.2SPECIFIC DEFINITIONS 6 3.GENERAL .7 3.1RECEIPT AND STORAGE OF MATERIALS .7 3.2PREPARATION OF MATERIALS 7 3.3MANUAL GAS CUTTING 7 4.ERECTION 8 4.1ERECTION METHODS .8 4.2WIND BRACING9 4.3ERECTION HOLES AND ATTACHMENTS.9 4.4SETTING OUT BOTTOM COURSE OF SHELL
21、 PLATES . 10 4.5CHECKING OF ALIGNMENT 10 4.6ROOF FRAMING.10 4.7SHELL TOLERANCES 10 4.8FLOATING ROOF TOLERANCES 12 5.FOUNDATIONS 13 5.1CHECKING OF FOUNDATIONS.13 5.2ACCEPTANCE OF FOUNDATIONS .13 5.3CONCRETE FOUNDATION RINGS UNDER THE SHELL 13 5.4CONCRETE RAFTS13 5.5ANCHOR BOLTS 14 6.WELDING15 6.1WELD
22、ER QUALIFICATION .15 6.2WELDING PROCEDURE QUALIFICATION 15 6.3SEQUENCE OF WELDING.15 6.4WEATHER CONDITIONS .15 6.5WELDING CONSUMABLES15 6.6TACK WELDS .16 6.7PLATE EDGE JOINTS 16 6.8WELDING PROCEDURE 16 6.9BOTTOM PLATE JOINTS .16 6.10BOTTOM TO SHELL PLATE JOINT .17 6.11SHELL BUTT JOINTS .17 6.12AUTOM
23、ATIC WELDING17 6.13MAXIMUM HARDNESS.17 6.14PREHEATING FOR MEDIUM HIGH TENSILE STEEL . 17 7.INSPECTION .18 7.1GENERAL18 7.2INSPECTION DURING WELDING18 7.3FINISHED WELD INSPECTION 19 7.4VISUAL INSPECTION .19 7.5RADIOGRAPHIC ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA 19 7.6REPAIRS TO WELDS AND ADDITIONAL RADIOGRAPHY . 20 7.7
24、RETENTION AND RECORDING OF RADIOGRAPHS . 21 7.8RADIOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUES.21 7.9ULTRASONIC INSPECTION .21 DEP 64.51.01.31-Gen. December 1995 Page 3 PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version 8.TANK TESTING 22 8.1TANK BOTTOMS 22 8.2TANK SHELLS 22 8.3FIXED ROOFS 22 8.4FLOATING ROOFS.22 8.5REPAIR OF L
25、EAKS.23 8.6RETESTING 23 8.7SAFETY PRECAUTIONS 23 8.8PAINTING24 9.REFERENCES 25 APPENDICES APPENDIX 1METHODS OF TANK ERECTION26 APPENDIX 2RECOMMENDED SYSTEM FOR TANK GUYING . 27 APPENDIX 3HYDROSTATIC TESTING PROCEDURE28 DEP 64.51.01.31-Gen. December 1995 Page 4 PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial v
26、ersion 1.INTRODUCTION 1.1SCOPE This DEP specifies requirements and gives recommendations for the erection and testing of standard vertical tanks, including both field erected and prefabricated tanks. For the design of these tanks reference is made to DEP 34.51.01.31-Gen. (which also covers the pref
27、abrication of tanks) and BS 2654. This DEP is a revision of the DEP with the same number dated June 1983. 1.2DISTRIBUTION, INTENDED USE AND REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS Unless otherwise authorised by SIOP and SIEP, the distribution of this DEP is confined to companies forming part of the Royal Dutch/“S
28、hell“ Group or managed by a Group company, and to Contractors and Manufacturers/Suppliers nominated by them (i.e. the distribution code is “C“, as described in DEP 00.00.05.05-Gen.). This DEP is intended for use in oil refineries, chemical plants, gas plants and explorationand productionfacilitiesan
29、d, where applicable, in supply/marketing installations. If national and/or local regulations exist in which some of the requirements may be more stringent than in this DEP, the Contractor shall determine by careful scrutiny whichof the requirementsarethemore stringentand whichcombinationof requireme
30、nts will be acceptable as regards safety, environmental, economic and legal aspects. In all cases, the Contractor shall inform the Principal of any deviation from the requirements of this DEP which is considered to be necessary in order to comply with national and/or local regulations. The Principal
31、 may then negotiate with the Authorities concerned with the object of obtaining agreement to follow this DEP as closely as possible. 1.3CROSS-REFERENCES Where cross-references to other parts of this DEP are made, the referenced section number is shown in brackets. Other documents referenced in this
32、DEP are listed in (9). DEP 64.51.01.31-Gen. December 1995 Page 5 PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version 2.DEFINITIONS 2.1GENERAL DEFINITIONS The Contractor is the party which carries out all or part of the design, engineering, procurement, construction, commissioning or management of a proje
33、ct or operation of a facility. The Principal may undertake all or part of the duties of the Contractor. The Manufacturer/Supplier is the party which manufactures or supplies equipment and services to perform the duties specified by the Contractor. The Principal is the party which initiates the proje
34、ct and ultimately pays for its design and construction. The Principal will generally specify the technical requirements. The Principal may also include an agent or consultant, authorised to act for, and on behalf of, the Principal. The word shall indicates a requirement. The word should indicates a
35、recommendation. 2.2SPECIFIC DEFINITIONS For the definition of the following terms used in this DEP, see DEP 34.51.01.31-Gen.: Climate, cold; Climate, temperate; Climate, very cold; Climate, warm; Medium high tensile steel. DEP 64.51.01.31-Gen. December 1995 Page 6 PDF created with pdfFactory Pro tri
36、al version 3.GENERAL 3.1RECEIPT AND STORAGE OF MATERIALS The erection contractor shall inspect and keep stock of all materials delivered at site and be fully responsible for their safekeeping. All fittings, valves, plates, etc., shall be properly laid out on wooden supports clear of the soil. Speci
37、al care shall be taken that damage does not occur to joint faces of valves and flanges or to bevelled ends of fittings. 3.2PREPARATION OF MATERIALS All materials shall be examined and repaired as necessary at the site before being erected, to ensure that any damage incurred in transit is made good t
38、o the satisfaction of the Principal. 3.3MANUAL GAS CUTTING Manual gas cutting may be used for trimming the corners of bottom or roof plates where two lapped joints will intersect, and for cutting openings (where permitted by DEP 34.51.01.31-Gen.) for fittings positioned on site. Manual gas cutting s
39、hall not be used for any other purpose without the approval of the Principal. DEP 64.51.01.31-Gen. December 1995 Page 7 PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version 4.ERECTION 4.1ERECTION METHODS 4.1.1General The main methods of erecting welded vertical tanks are outlined in this section and illus
40、trated in Appendix 1. Welded vertical tanks can be erected satisfactorily in several ways; no single particular system of erection procedure is specified for use. Erection contractors normally have their own specific individual method which they have adopted as the result of experience, and have dev
41、eloped the erection technique most suitable for economical working and good workmanship by their field crews. Provided that the erection contractor employs a method which is known to give good results and that the recommended sequences of erection and welding are followed, the method may be deemed s
42、atisfactory. Contractors shall outline their method of erection for approval by the Principal before a contract is placed. The most well-known methods of erection are described below. 4.1.2Progressive assembly and welding In the progressive assembly method, the bottom plates are assembled and welded
43、 first. Thereafter the shell plates are erected, held in place, tacked and completely welded. This shall be done course by course, working upwards to the top curb angle. No course shall be added as long as the previous course has not been entirely welded. The erection and completion of the roof fram
44、ing and roof plates then follow (see Appendix 1). 4.1.3Complete assembly followed by welding of horizontal seams In the complete assembly method, the bottom plates are assembled and welded first. Thereafter the shell plates are erected, held in place, tacked and only the vertical seams completely we
45、lded, leaving the horizontal seams unwelded. This shall be done course by course, working upwards to the top curb angle. No course shall be added as long as the vertical seams of the previous course have not been entirely welded. The erection and completion of the roof framing and roof plates then f
46、ollow. Finally the horizontal seams are welded, working upwards from the bottom course or downwards from the top curb angle. See Appendix 1. 4.1.4Jacking-up method Some contractors employ a system of erection in which the bottom plates are completed, the top course is erected on the bottom plates, t
47、he roof framing and sheeting are completed and a number of jacks are then assembled around the structure. By means of these jacks, the completed top course together with the roof framing and sheeting is lifted to a height sufficient to insert the next lower course. The jacking method and the support
48、ing of the partly erected shell shall have no adverse effect on the roundness of the shell. The welding is completed at each stage of lift until all courses of the shell plates have been inserted and the finished height is reached. The final operation is the welding of the bottom course to the botto
49、m plates. See Appendix 1. DEP 64.51.01.31-Gen. December 1995 Page 8 PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version 4.1.5Flotation method The flotation method is used for floating roof tanks. After the completion of the bottom plating and erection and welding of the two lower courses of the tank, the floating roof is assembled on the tank bottom and completed. The tank is then filled with water and, using the floating roof as a working platform, the thi