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1、 WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS Test Procedure Materials GMW14124 Automotive Environmental Cycles Copyright 2007 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved September 2007 Originating Department: North American Engineering Standards Page 1 of 8 1 Scope Note: Nothing in this standard supersedes a
2、pplicable laws and regulations. Note: In the event of conflict between the English and domestic language, the English language shall take precedence. 1.1 Purpose. This procedure documents various environmental cycles and aging conditions that may be performed prior to testing or as a complete test.
3、This specification does not include standard conditions for testing or preconditioning prior to testing. Those requirements may either be found in the material specification or in GMW3221. 1.2 Foreword. This procedure documents several cycles that have been globally agreed upon for material specific
4、ations. Only those cycles shall be selected to create requirements for GMW material specifications. The globally agreed upon cycles for material specifications are: Cycles M, Q, R, S, T, U, V and V. For test cycle uses see 4.1.2. 1.3 Applicability. Refer to Table 1 for applicability. Note: Some of t
5、he test cycles in this specification are best used as a quality control test and are not meant to validate potential field performance. See the platform materials engineer for additional details. 2 References Note: Only the latest approved standards are applicable unless otherwise specified. 2.1 Ext
6、ernal Standards/Specifications. ISO 9227 2.2 GM Standards/Specifications. GME60203 GMW14729 GMW3221 GMW15288 GMW3286 2.3 Additional References. VDA 621-415. 3 Resources 3.1 Facilities. Not applicable. 3.2 Equipment. 3.2.1 Mechanical Convection Oven capable of maintaining the required temperature fro
7、m the material specification to a tolerance of 3C. 3.2.2 Humidity Chamber capable of maintaining the required humidity from the material specification to a tolerance of 3%. 3.2.3 Salt Spray Cabinet which consists of a fog chamber, salt solution reservoir, a supply of suitably conditioned compressed
8、air, one or more atomizing nozzles, specimen supports, provision for heating the chamber and necessary means of control. The size and detailed construction of the salt spray cabinet are optional provided the conditions obtained meet the requirement of this method. A suitable apparatus is described i
9、n ISO 9227. 3.2.4 A Cold Room or Cold Chamber with portholes capable of maintaining the required temperature from the material specification to a tolerance of 3C. 3.2.5 Rack or Fixture required which will support the test specimens between 15 and 30 degrees from the vertical position in such a manne
10、r as to prevent contact between the test specimens or any metallic material capable of creating a galvanic couple. 3.2.6 Steam Autoclave capable of maintaining the required temperature to within 2C and able to withstand pressures of up to 1.5 bars (150 kPa) above atmospheric (i.e., 2.5 bar absolute)
11、. The autoclave must be capable of venting at the completion of the test to prevent undue frothing of water upon opening the chamber. 3.3 Test Vehicle/Test Piece. Not applicable. 3.4 Test Time. Not applicable. Calendar time: days Test hours: hours Coordination hours: hours 3.5 Test Required Informat
12、ion. Not applicable. 3.6 Personnel/Skills. Not applicable. GMW14124 GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS Copyright 2007 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved Page 2 of 8 September 2007 4 Procedure This document is not a specific test procedure. It provides various aging conditions and cycles
13、that may be referenced from other specifications. These cycles shall be performed as required in the applicable specification. Some aging cycles may require that the material be tested at the temperature specified. When this procedure is referenced, always follow all applicable instructions for cycl
14、es, combinations of cycles, or aging and cycle combinations from the source document. 4.1 Preparation. 4.1.1 Cut the required number of specimens from the sample to the dimensions specified in the material specification. Note: The material specification may require specimens that have been exposed t
15、o cycling or aging be conditioned for a minimum of 24 h to the requirements of GMW3221 prior to testing. Note: Gloves shall be worn while handling specimens in the cold chamber to prevent heat transfer to the specimens. If testing is not done in a cold room, it must be done in a cold chamber using p
16、ort holes. Testing in a cold chamber with the door open will not maintain the required temperature. 4.1.2 Test Cycle and Applicability. Table 1: Test Cycle Uses Note 1, Note 2 Test Cycle QC Test Validation Test Use A X X Coating evaluation - stress before adhesion test B There is not a Cycle B Test
17、C X X Exterior above beltline humidity/temperature test D X Interior above beltline humidity/temperature test E X Interior below beltline humidity/temperature test F X X Exterior below beltline humidity/temperature test G X Corrosion Resistance H X Dimensional stability of headliners and interior co
18、mponents I X X Glass bonding/paint material test J X Corrosion resistance Test Cycle QC Test Validation Test Use K X Exterior sealant, substrate and/or coating test L Sealant resistance to gasoline M X Dimensional stability of interior trim - finished N X Dimensional stability of interior trim - tex
19、tiles O X X Paint layer cracking P X X Delamination/dimensional stability of covered door trim-unsupported plastic rolled goods Q X X Delamination/yellowing, grin through of headliner and laminated fabrics R X X Shrinkage of upholstery materials used for wrapping IP and RWT S X X Accelerated aging f
20、or physical change of leather/plastic rolled goods T X X Delamination/yellowing, grin through of headliner and laminated fabrics U X X Corrosion resistance and creepback/edge corrosion for organic coatings V X X Corrosion resistance and creepback/edge corrosion for organic coatings W X Interior adhe
21、sive/sealant humidity/high temperature test Note 1: Quality Control (QC) Test - No defined correlation to field performance. Note 2: Validation Test - Field relevant test, cyclic environments represent severe field exposure. Note 3: Some of the test cycles in this specification are best used as a qu
22、ality control test and are not meant to validate potential field performance. See the platform materials engineer for additional details. 4.2 Conditions. 4.2.1 Environmental Conditions. Not applicable. 4.2.2 Test Conditions. Deviations from the requirements of this standard shall have been agreed up
23、on. Such requirements shall be specified -,-,- GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW14124 Copyright 2007 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved September 2007 Page 3 of 8 on component drawings, test certificates, reports, etc. 4.3 Instructions. 4.3.1 When this specification appears on an en
24、gineering drawing, actual parts coated with the representative paint system shall be used. 4.3.2 If not on an engineering drawing, the test specimens can be parts or panels. If test panels are used, the recommended panel size is 100 x 300 mm. 4.3.3 Support panels or specimens on rack so that they wi
25、ll be held in a position of 15 to 30 degrees from the vertical position, avoiding contact between each other during the test. Test panel/part orientation shall be such that it is not shingled or shielded by another test specimen or test equipment. Test specimens that are to be evaluated for warpage
26、and dimensional stability shall be mounted in a production intent manner. 4.3.4 Expose the test specimens to one or more cycles designated by the appropriate material specification or engineering drawing. There shall not be a lapse of more than 2 minutes in transferring the test specimens from one e
27、nvironment to another. There is to be no chamber ramp times between cycle conditions unless specified. Unless otherwise specified the tolerance on exposure time is 5 minutes. 4.4 Interior Trim Dimensional Stability. 4.4.1 Procedure. 4.4.1.1 Mount the component in an appropriate test fixture (product
28、ion intent orientation) using production fastening techniques. 4.4.1.2 Mount a spotlight in such a manner that surface conditions are more easily observed and take a photograph as required. 4.4.1.3 Subject the component to two of the cycles listed in Table 13. 4.4.1.4 All times are 30 minutes. 4.4.2
29、 Evaluation. 4.4.2.1 Observe the component before removal from the subjected condition 35 2C and 95 3% RH, heat, or -30 2C. Note any changes and record them in the test report. 4.4.2.2 Two (2) h after the component is put into the ambient condition, mount a spotlight in such a manner that surface co
30、nditions (wrinkling, etc.) are more easily observed. Take another photograph as required. 4.4.3 Results. Requirements to be specified on engineering drawing or material specification. 4.5 Cycles and Application. 4.5.1 Environmental Cycles A and C through W (There is not a Cycle B.) are illustrated i
31、n Tables 2 through 20. 4.5.2 Cycle A, Moisture and Cold Cycle. This cycle is used to evaluate the coatings or to stress the surface before adhesion test, unless otherwise specified. This test requires 15 cycles to be run and then test results evaluated. Evaluate periodically prior to the completion
32、of test during the ambient conditions exposure (See Table 2). 4.5.3 Cycle C, Exterior Humidity Thermal Cycle. To be used for exterior components above beltline (See Table 3). Unless otherwise specified two complete cycles shall be run for evaluation. 4.5.4 Cycle D, Interior Humidity Thermal Cycle. T
33、o be used for interior components above beltline (See Table 4). Run one cycle for evaluation unless otherwise specified. 4.5.5 Cycle E, Interior Humidity Thermal Cycle. To be used for interior components below beltline (See Table 5). Run one cycle for evaluation unless otherwise specified. 4.5.6 Cyc
34、le F, Exterior Humidity Thermal Cycle. To be used for exterior component below beltline (See Table 6). Material specification shall specify the number of cycles to be run to evaluate. 4.5.7 Cycle G, Environmental Corrosion Cycle. To be used to evaluate environmental corrosion resistance of materials
35、. Unless otherwise specified run 30 cycles to evaluate (See Table 7). 4.5.8 Cycle H, Dimensional Stability Test Cycle. To be used to test the dimensional stability of headliners and other interior components including attaching mechanism (See Table 8). Unless otherwise stated seven complete cycles s
36、hall be run to evaluate along with 168 h at 85C on a separate part. 4.5.9 Cycle I, Glass Bonding/Paint Test Cycle. To be used to evaluate stationary glass bonding and paint materials. Unless otherwise specified run five cycles to evaluate (See Table 9). 4.5.10 Cycle J, Environmental Corrosion Cycle.
37、 This is combination of GMW14124, Cycle G and Scab Corrosion Cycle GMW15288, to be used for accelerated corrosion resistance test. Unless otherwise specified repeat the cycle five times (10 weeks total) to evaluate (See Table 10). 4.5.11 Cycle K, Exterior Sealant, Substrate and/Or Coating Test Cycle
38、. To be used to evaluate exterior sealant and/or coatings. Unless otherwise specified run 13 cycles to evaluate (see Table 11). GMW14124 GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS Copyright 2007 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved Page 4 of 8 September 2007 4.5.12 Cycle L, Gasoline Dip Test Cycle
39、. To be used for sealants exposed on an intermittent basis. Unless otherwise specified run five cycles to evaluate. (See Table 12). 4.5.13 Cycle M, Interior Trim Dimensional Stability Cycle. To be used to evaluate the dimensional stability of finished interior trim panels. Unless otherwise specified
40、 run two cycles to evaluate. (See Table 13). 4.5.14 Cycle N, Interior Trim Dimensional Stability Cycle. To be used to evaluate the dimensional stability of textile materials on interior trim panels. Unless otherwise specified run one cycle. (See Table 14). Evaluate parts after exposure to each envir
41、onment. 4.5.15 Cycle O, Paint Crack Cycle. To be used to evaluate the potential for paint layering systems to crack. Unless otherwise specified run ten cycles (see Table 15). Evaluate panels for cracking after each cycle. 4.5.16 Cycle P, Covered Door Panel Delamination/Dimensional Stability Cycle. T
42、o be used to evaluate the potential for delamination and the dimensional stability of door trim covered with unsupported rolled goods. Unless otherwise specified, run two cycles (See Table 16). Parts should be full assemblies, mounted on the metal outer panel with all seals, etc. in place. Test in c
43、ar position. Evaluate parts after exposure to each environment. 4.5.17 Cycle Q, Aging Condition for Bond Strength and Hydrolytic Stability of Laminated Textile Materials (this cycle is an option to cycle T). To be used as an aging cycle to compare original bond strength to after aging. Also used as
44、a method to test hydrolytic stability of laminated textile materials. (See Table 17). 4.5.18 Cycle R, Shrinkage of Upholstery Materials used for Wrapping Instrument Panels (IP) and Rear Window Trim (RWT). To be used to monitor the dimensional changes as permanent shrinkage or other effects from the
45、cycle. (See Table 18). 4.5.19 Cycle S, Accelerated Aging of Leather and Plastic Rolled Goods. To be used to evaluate leather or plastic rolled goods after exposure to heat, humidity and cold. (See Table 19). 4.5.20 Cycle T, Aging Condition for Bond Strength and Hydrolytic Stability of Laminated Text
46、iles Materials (this cycle is an option to Cycle Q). To be used as an aging cycle to compare original bond strength to after aging. Also used as a method to test hydrolytic stability of laminated textile materials. (See Table 20). 4.5.21 Cycle U, Alternating Conditions for Corrosion Cycle for Organi
47、c Coatings, “GME60203 Cycle”. To be used to determine the resistance of organic coatings to corrosion by means of an accelerated laboratory test. The test simulates especially the corrosion creep back of scribed, organic coatings as well as corrosion of the edges and substrate corrosion. (See Table
48、21). 4.5.22 Cycle V, Alternating Conditions for Corrosion Cycle for Organic Coatings, “VDA 621-415 Cycle” (this cycle is an option to Cycle U). To be used see Cycle V (see Table 22). Test cycle may be used as alternative for cycle U upon agreement. 4.5.23 Cycle W, Interior Adhesive/Sealant Humidity
49、High Temperature Test Cycle. To be used to evaluate interior adhesives and/or sealants. Unless otherwise specified run 1 cycle to evaluate. Table 2: Cycle A Note 1 Environment Time, h At ambient conditions In humidity (per GMW14729) In 30 2C 1 20 3 Note 1: The sequence shown above constitutes one cycle. When test continuity must be interrupted due to weekend or holidays, samples shall be transferred to -30C and held over. Table 3: Cycle C Note 1 Environment Time, h In -30 2C In 70 2C In humidity