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1、IEEE Std 738-2006 (Revision of IEEE Std 738-1993) IEEE Standard for Calculating the Current-Temperature of Bare Overhead Conductors I E E E 3 Park Avenue New York, NY 10016-5997, USA 30 January 2007 IEEE Power Engineering Society Sponsored by the Transmission and Distribution Committee Copyright The
2、 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/21/2007 12:08:08 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Elect
3、ronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/21/2007 12:08:08 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- IEEE Std 738-2006 (Revision of IEEE Std 738-1993) IEEE Standard for Calculating t
4、he Current-Temperature of Bare Overhead Conductors Sponsor Transmission and Distribution Committee of the IEEE Power Engineering Society Approved 16 November 2006 IEEE-SA Standards Board Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELice
5、nsee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/21/2007 12:08:08 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA Copyright 2007 by the Institute of Electric
6、al and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved. Published 30 January 2007. Printed in the United States of America. IEEE is a registered trademark in the U.S. Patent +1 978 750 8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for educational classroom use can also be obtaine
7、d through the Copyright Clearance Center. Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/21/2007 12:08:08 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IH
8、S -,-,- iv Copyright 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved. Introduction In 1986, IEEE Std 738-1993, IEEE Standard for Calculation of Bare Overhead Conductor Temperature and Ampacity Under Steady-State Conditions, was first published. The standard was developed “so that a practical sound, and uniform metho
9、d (of calculation) might be utilized and referenced.” As part of the revision in 1993, the Working Group on the Calculation of Bare Overhead Conductor Temperatures, which was responsible for the revision of this standard, decided to address fault current and transient ratings and include their calcu
10、lation in this standard. In the present revision, SI units were added throughout, the solar heating calculation was extensively revised, and many editorial changes were made. Consistent with IEEE guidelines for standards such as this, SI units are used exclusively in the main body. “English” units a
11、re used in Annex A since they are widely utilized by power transmission line design engineers in North America. This standard includes a computer program listing to serve as a basis for program development. The working group has made every effort to ensure that the program yields accurate results. T
12、he user is cautioned that there may be values of rating parameters for which the method is not appropriate. Many persons have contributed to the preparation, analysis, and review of this standard. We would like to recognize the contribution of the late B.S. Howington, who served as chair of the work
13、ing group for many years and was responsible for developing the original standard. Richard E. Kennon, James Larkey, Jerry Reding, and Dale Douglass (Task Force Chairman) did most of the revisions in the latest version of the standard. Many of the other Working Group members contributed their time an
14、d thought. Catherine Berger, an IEEE staff editor, was immensely helpful in getting the standard completed in an acceptable format. Notice to users Errata Errata, if any, for this and all other standards can be accessed at the following URL: http:/ standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/updates/errata/inde
15、x.html. Users are encouraged to check this URL for errata periodically. Interpretations Current interpretations can be accessed at the following URL: http:/standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/interp/ index.html. Patents Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard may requ
16、ire use of subject matter covered by patent rights. By publication of this standard, no position is taken with respect to the existence or validity of any patent rights in connection therewith. The IEEE shall not be responsible for identifying patents or patent applications for which a license may b
17、e required to implement an IEEE standard or for conducting inquiries into the legal validity or scope of those patents that are brought to its attention. This introduction is not part of IEEE Std 738-2006, IEEE Standard for Calculating the Current-Temperature of Bare Overhead Conductors. Copyright T
18、he Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/21/2007 12:08:08 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- v Copyright 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved. P
19、articipants At the time this standard was approved, the Working Group on Conductors had the following members: Craig Pon, Chair Franco Albi Tom Alderton John Alexiou Jean-Marie Asselin Gerald Baker Gordon Baker Katherine Beaman Michael Beckter Mike Beehler Yair Berenstein W. Z. Black Brian Booker Ga
20、ry Bowles Doug Brasell Dave Bryant Bill Calhoun John Chan Peter Chan Neil Chapman Jerry Cheeks William Chisholm Rob Christman Patrick Clark Ross Clark Michael Clodfelder Louis Cloutier Randy Cole Richard Collins Len Consalvo Ben Crutcher Len Custer Glenn Davidson Michael Della Vecchia Frank Denbrock
21、 Nicholas DeSantis Herve Deve Sean Dinsnlore Doug Dodson Dale Douglass Leslie Duke Sanjib Dutta Bill Eisinger Steve Elder Jeff Erdle Masoud Farzeneh Jim Flood Bruce Freimark Matthew Garner Dmitri Georgopolous Paul Gerber Erich Gnandt Waymon Goch Anand Goel Joe Graziano Tom Grisham Juan Gutierrez Jr.
22、 David Hamilton Claude Hardy Douglas Harms Ibrahim Hathout Dave Havard Gary Heilkema Sven Hoffmann Randy Hopkins Jim Hunt Hyun-Joo Hwang Javier Iglesias Magdi F. Ishac Barry Johnson Dave Johnson Doug Johnson Teruaki Kawaguchi Dale King Robert Kluge Don Koonce Martin Krajcovic Hong-to Lam Herb Lee Dr
23、ederic Legeron Jean-Louis Lilien Vito Longo Dennis Lowe Otto Lynch Yutaka Matsuzaki Ray McCoy Colin McCullough Robert Millies May Millies Jack Molodak Bill Myers Andy Na Shan Nandi Neil Nilakantan George Niles Kim Nuckles Steven Nutt John Olenik Carl Orde Hyun-Ho Park Sung-Yul Park Menelaos Pavlou R
24、obert Peters Eric Peyrot Douglas Proctor Rich Proshold LaWana Quayle Ron Raczkawski Ron Randle Chuck Rawlins Jerry Reding Brian Reed Joe Renowden Rodger Renwick Paul Richards Mike Riddle John Ritter Lowell Rogers Jack Roughan Rudy Rugge Tapani Seppa David Shaffner Douglas Shannon Doug Sherman Biela
25、Shomer Tarlochan Singh Paul Springer Ron Stelmak Andy Stewart George Stranovski Dave Sunkle Mano Tad Carl Tamm Brian Thiry Ridley Thrash Jack Varner Chanh Viglione Lynn Vines George Waidelich Jeff Wang Bob Whapham Dale Williams Ned Wisich Chuck Wozniak Prasad Yenumula Koici Yonezawa Copyright The In
26、stitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/21/2007 12:08:08 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- vi Copyright 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved. At th
27、e time the revision to this guide was completed, the Task Force on the Revision of IEEE Std 738 had the following membership: Dale Douglass, Chair Jerry Reding, Vice Chair The following members of the individual balloting committee voted on this standard. Balloters may have voted for approval, disap
28、proval, or abstention. Jim Applequist Gordon Baker William Black Richard Bush Pat Callahan Len Consalvo Glenn Davidson Dennis Doss Richard Kennon Vito Longo Andrew McCulloch Vic Morgan Yakov Motlis Shanatu Nandi Neil Schmidt Tapani Seppa Ridley Thrash William Zollars William Ackerman Roy Alexander K
29、raig Bader Edward Bertolini Enrique Betancourt James Christensen Robert Christman Michael Clodfelder F. Leonard Consalvo Tommy Cooper Luis Coronado Guru Dutt Dhingra Jose Daconti John Dagenhart R. Daubert Byron Davenport Dennis Decosta Nicholas Desantis Randall Dotson Dale Douglass Amir El-Sheikh Lo
30、well Fink Ajit Gwal Manuel Gonzalez Charles W Grose Randall Groves Erik Guillot Edward Horgan Jr. Magdi Ishac David Jackson George Karady Stephen R. Lambert Gene Lindholm Gregory Luri Keith Malmedal Frank Mayle Jose Carlos Mendes Gary Michel Krste Najdenkoski Shantanu Nandi T. W. Olsen Carlos Peixot
31、o Robert Peters Paulette Payne Thomas Pekarek Francis Peverly Percy Pool Douglas Proctor Patrick Quinn Joe Renowden Johannes Rickmann Stephen Rodick Thomas Rozek James Ruggieri Devki Sharma James Smith Allan St. Peter Joseph Tumidajski Daniel Ward James Wilson Luis Zambrano Copyright The Institute o
32、f Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/21/2007 12:08:08 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- vii Copyright 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved. When the IEEE
33、-SA Standards Board approved this standard on 16 November 2006, it had the following membership: Steve M. Mills, Chair Richard H. Hulett, Vice Chair Don Wright, Past Chair Judith Gorman, Secretary *Member Emeritus Also included are the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaisons: Satish K.
34、Aggarwal, NRC Representative Richard DeBlasio, DOE Representative Alan H. Cookson, NIST Representative Don Messina IEEE Standards Program Manager, Document Development Matthew Ceglia IEEE Standards Program Manager, Technical Program Development Mark D. Bowman Dennis B. Brophy William R. Goldbach Arn
35、old M. Greenspan Robert M. Grow Joanna N. Guenin Julian Forster* Mark S. Halpin Kenneth S. Hanus William B. Hopf Joseph L. Koepfinger* David J. Law Daleep C. Mohla T. W. Olsen Glenn Parsons Ronald C. Petersen Tom A. Prevost Greg Ratta Robby Robson Anne-Marie Sahazizian Virginia C. Sulzberger Malcolm
36、 V. Thaden Richard L. Townsend Walter Weigel Howad L. Wolfman Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/21/2007 12:08:08 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted wit
37、hout license from IHS -,-,- viii Copyright 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved. Contents 1.Overview 1 1.1 Scope 1 1.2 Disclaimer 2 2.Definitions . 2 3.Temperature calculation methods 3 3.1 Steady-state calculations 4 3.2 Transient calculations 5 3.3 Units and identification of letter symbols 6 3.4 Formul
38、as 8 3.5 Equations for air properties, solar angles, and solar heat flux. 11 3.6 Sample calculations . 16 4.Input data . 22 4.1 Introduction 22 4.2 Wind and ambient temperature 22 4.3 Air density, viscosity, and conductivity. 23 4.4 Emissivity and absorptivity . 23 4.5 Solar heat gain . 24 4.6 Condu
39、ctor heat capacity. 24 4.7 Maximum allowable conductor temperature. 25 4.8 Time step 25 Annex A (informative) English unit equivalents for SI units used in this standard 26 Annex B (informative) Listing of the “RATEIEEE” program for steady-state and transient calculations of temperature and thermal
40、rating for bare overhead conductors 39 Annex C (informative) Sample calculations of steady-state conductor temperature 51 Annex D (informative) Sample calculation of steady-state thermal rating. 52 Annex E (informative) Sample calculation of transient conductor temperature with a step increase in cu
41、rrent 53 Annex F (informative) Sample calculation of transient thermal rating. 55 Annex G (informative) Thermal time constant 56 Annex H (informative) Bibliography 58 Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=NASA Technical
42、Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/21/2007 12:08:08 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 1 Copyright 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved. IEEE Standard for Calculating the Current-Temperature of Bare Overhead Conductors 1. Overview 1.1 Scope The purpose of this
43、 standard is to present a method of calculating the current-temperature relationship of bare overhead conductors. Conductor surface temperatures are a function of the following: a) Conductor material properties b) Conductor diameter c) Conductor surface conditions d) Ambient weather conditions e) Co
44、nductor electrical current The first two of these properties are specific chemical and physical properties. The third may vary with time and be dependent upon ambient atmospheric conditions other than weather. The fourth, weather, var- ies greatly with the hour and season. The fifth, conductor elect
45、rical current, may be constant or may vary with power system loading, generation dispatch, and other factors. The equations relating electrical current to conductor temperature may be used in either of the following two ways: To calculate the conductor temperature when the electrical current is know
46、n To calculate the current that yields a given maximum allowable conductor temperature Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/21/2007 12:08:08 MDTNo reproduction or
47、 networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- IEEE Std 738-2006 IEEE STANDARD FOR CALCULATING THE CURRENT-TEMPERATURE OF BARE OVERHEAD CONDUCTORS 2 Copyright 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved. For the purposes of this standard, either the electrical current is assumed constant for all time or it
48、 is as- sumed to undergo a step change from an initial current to a final current. The ambient weather conditions are assumed to be constant with time in both the steady-state and transient calculation methods described in this standard. This standard includes mathematical methods and indicates sources of the values to be used in the calcula- tion of conductor temperatures and conductor thermal ratings. However,