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1、IEEE Std 859-1987 IEEE Standard Terms for Reporting and Analyzing Outage Occurrences and Outage States of Electrical Transmission Facilities Published by The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc 345 East 47th Street, New York, N Y 10017, USA February 17,1988 SI11478 Copyright The I
2、nstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Japan, IHS Not for Resale, 07/30/2008 02:44:25 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Copyright 1988 by The Institute of Electrical
3、 and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 345 East 47th Street, New York, NY 10017, USA No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. IEEE Std 859-1987 (R2008) IEEE Standard Terms for Reporting
4、 and Analyzing Outage Occurences and Outage States of Electrical Transmission Facilities Sponsor Power System Engineering Committee of the Power Engineering Society Reaffirmed 27 March 2008 Approved 11 June 1987 IEEE Standards Board Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, In
5、c. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Japan, IHS Not for Resale, 07/30/2008 02:44:25 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- IEEE Standards documents are developed within the Technical Com- mittees of the IEEE Societies an
6、d the Standards Coordinating Committees of the IEEE Standards Board. Members of the committees serve volun- tarily and without compensation. They are not necessarily members of the Institute. The standards developed within IEEE represent a consensus of the broad expertise on the subject within the I
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10、he art. Users are cautioned to check to deter- mine that they have the latest edition of any IEEE Standard. Comments for revision of IEEE Standards are welcome from any inter- ested party, regardless of membership affiliation with IEEE. Suggestions for changes in documents should be in the form of a
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13、are not able to provide an instant response to interpretation requests except in those cases where the matter has previously received formal consideration. Comments on standards and requests for interpretations should be addressed to: Secretary, IEEE Standards Board 345 East 47th Street New York, NY
14、 10017 USA Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Japan, IHS Not for Resale, 07/30/2008 02:44:25 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Foreword (This Fore
15、word is not a part of BEE Std 859-1987, IEEE Standard Terms for Reporting and Analyzing Outage Occur- Data on outage occurrences of transmission facilities have been collected for many years. Initially, reporting was generally limited to reporting frequency of outage occurrence on transmission lines
16、. Total outage frequency was classified into several general cause categories, but there were no formal definitions for the events and statistics reported beyond those contained in the data forms and instructions. Early efforts did not generally collect data on outage duration, except to class outag
17、es as temporary or permanent according to type of restoration used. In the 1960s, methods were first proposed for calculating reliability of transmission and distribution “systems” (networks) in terms of the reliability of their individual “components? This led to the need for more formal definition
18、s of terms to foster uniformity and standardization of language among engineers engaged in reporting, analyzing, and predicting outages of transmission and distribution facilities and interruptions to customers. This resulted in development of IEEE Std 346-1973, IEEE Standard Defini- tions in Power
19、Operations Terminology Including Terms for Reporting and Analyzing Outages of Electri- cal Transmission and Distribution Facilities and Interruptions to Customer Service. More recent developments have shown the need to include definitions for a broader scope of outage events. For example, two genera
20、l categories of facilities (reportable entities) must be recognized to support presently available models. In one type of model, a transmission system is partitioned function- ally into “units” which represent the capability to transfer power between specified points. In the second type of model, a
21、system is partitioned physically into “components? Another recent development is the increasing recognition of the importance of “related outage occur- rences” in which outage occurrences of two or more facilities are related in some way due to the physical construction of equipment (such as common
22、structure), the electrical interconnection of equipment (common bus, for example), or exposure to a common environment (storms). Achieving clear and unambiguous definitions for related outage occurrences is important for reporting outage occurrences at the transmission unit level. At the component l
23、evel, an important consideration is the recognition of several modes of failure, particularly for switching, protection, and automatic reclosing equipment. No attempt is made here to standardize procedures for the collection of outage data. What is at- tempted is to speclfy certain common terms and
24、indices to provide a basis of information exchange. The task force has attempted to keep the list of terms and indices as brief as possible. The indices defined here are intended to serve as estimates for parameters of models which are used in transmission system reliability evaluation. The indices
25、may also be used directly to guide system opera- tion or in assessment of equipment performance. No attempt is made to recommend acceptable equip- ment reliability levels. This is a revision of IEEE Std 346-1973. However, terms related to distribution system facilities and interruptions were eIimina
26、ted from the scope of this document. This document was prepared by the Transmission and Distribution Outage and Interruption Defini- tions Task Force. This task force was formed by the PROSD (Performance Records for Optimizing System Design) Working Group, which is under the guidance of the Power Sy
27、stem Engineering Committee. The members of the task force were: rences and Outage States of Electrical Transmission Facilities.) P. F. Albrecht R. N. Allan M. P. Bhavaraju M. G. Lauby (Chairman) R. Billinton D. W. Forrest G. L. Landgren M. F. McCoy N. D. Reppen A. W. Schneider, Jr Copyright The Inst
28、itute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Japan, IHS Not for Resale, 07/30/2008 02:44:25 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- The following persons representing the Applicati
29、on of Probability Methods Subcommittee and the Power System Engineering Committee were on the balloting committee that approved this document for submission to the IEEE Standards Board: Application o f Probability Methods Subcmmittee A. M. Adamson I). F. Albrecht R. N. Allan N. J. Balu M. P. Bhavara
30、ju M. Bhuiyan R. Billinton A. M. Breipohl E. K. Chew K. A. Clements R. T. DAquanni S. B. Dhar K. Dhir J. Endrenyi P. M. Anderson L. B. Andres A. W. Barstow D. G. Berkowitz P. A. Bhagchandoni B. E. Biggerstaff S. H. Bouchey T. A. Bubenko R. W. Caldwell H. W. Colborn I. L. Dandeno R. M. Delgado D. W.
31、Forrest H. H. Frey C. Grigg G. Gross S. Z. Haddad M. A. Kuliasha S. P. Kuruganty G. Landgren M. G. Lauby K. D. Le S. H. Lee S. N. Marvada M. F. McCoy K. Medicherla E. G. Neudorf J. T. Neumann L. R. Noyes P. ONeill C. K. Pang A. D. Patton A. V. Radhakrishna N. S. Rau N. D. Reppen L. Salvaderi A. W. S
32、chneider, Jr S. M. Shahidehpour C. Singh J. P. Stremel P. B. Usora Pmer System Engineering Committee A. M. Dicaprio P. Kundur W. A. England 0. C. Landry M. K. Enns S. T. Mak Linda Finley L. Markel J. Flory L. E. Mentor H. L. Forgery W. R. Prince R. K. Green R. J. Ringlee D. E. Jankura R. H. Sarikas
33、W. A. Johnson R. A. Schlueter E. Katz K. J. Slater D. F. Kownig C. W. Taylor C. C. Young When the IEEE Standards Board approved this standard on June 11, 1987, it had the following membership: Donald C. Fleckenstein, Chairman Marco W. Migliaro, Vice-Chairman Andrew G. Salem, Secretary James H. Beall
34、 Dennis Bodson Marshall L. Cain James M. Daly Stephen R. Dillon Eugene P. Fogarty Jay Forster Kenneth D. Hendrix Irvin N. Howell Leslie R. Kerr Jack Kinn Irving Kolodny Joseph L. Koepfinger* Edward Lohse John May Lawrence V. McCall L. Bruce McCiung Donald T. Michael L. John Rankine John P. Riganati
35、Gary S. Robinson Frank L. Rose Robert E. Rountree Sava I. Sherr William R. Tackaberry William B. Wilkens Helen M. Wood * Member emeritus Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Japan, IHS Not
36、 for Resale, 07/30/2008 02:44:25 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Contents SECTION PAGE 1 . Purpose . 7 2 . Scope . 7 3 . Equipment Classifications . 7 3.1 Component 7 3.1.1 Termination . 7 3.1.2 Line Section . 7 3.2.1 Line Segment . 7 3.3 Unit . 7 3.4 Termin
37、al . 8 4.1 State 8 4.1.1 In-Service State . 8 4.1.2 Outage State 8 4.1.2.1 Complete Outage State 8 4.1.2.2 Partial Outage State 8 4.2 Changes in State 8 4.2.1 Outage Occurrence 8 4.2.2 Outage Event . 8 4.2.2.1 Single Outage Event . 8 4.2.2.2 Multiple Outage Event . 8 4.2.2.2.1 Related Multiple Outag
38、e Event . 8 4.2.2.2.2 Multiple Independent Outages . 9 3.2 Subcomponent . 7 4 . Component and Unit States and Events 8 4.3 Outage Initiation . 9 4.3.1 Automatic Outage . 9 4.4 Outageme 9 4.4.1 Forced Outage 9 4.4.1.1 Transient Forced Outage 9 4.4.1.2 Temporary Forced Outage . 9 4.4.1.3 Permanent For
39、ced Outage . 9 9 4.4.2 Scheduled Outage . 9 4.4.2.1 Operations Related Outage 9 4.5 Failure . 9 4.5.1 Failure of Continuously Required Function 9 4.5.2 Failure of Response Function . 9 5 . State Times 9 5.1 Service Time . 9 5.2 OutageTime . 9 5.3 Reporting Period Time 5.4 Outage Duration 9 6 . Expos
40、ure Parameters . 10 6.2 Exposure (Operations) 10 6.3.2 Major Storm Disaster 10 4.3.2 Manual Outage 9 4.4.1.4 System Related Outage 9 6.1 Exposure (Time) . 10 6.3 Weather . 10 6.3.1 Adverse Weather 10 6.3.3 Normal Weather . 10 Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Prov
41、ided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Japan, IHS Not for Resale, 07/30/2008 02:44:25 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- SECTION PAGE . 7 . Outage Indices 10 7.1.1 Outage Rate . 10 7.1.2 Failure Rate . 10 7.1.3 Protective Sys
42、tem False Operation Rate . 11 7.2.1 Mean Time To Outage 11 7.3 State Probability Indices . 11 7.3.1 Availability 11 7.3.2 Unavailability . 11 7.4 Probability of Failure Indices 11 7.4.1 Probability of Failure to Open on Command . 11 7.4.2 Probability of Failure to Close on Command . 11 7.4.3 Probabi
43、lity of Failure to Operate on Command . 11 7.4.4 False Operation Probability . 11 7.1 Rate Indices 10 7.2 Duration Indices 11 7.2.2 Mean Outage Duration . 11 Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001
44、, User=Japan, IHS Not for Resale, 07/30/2008 02:44:25 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- IEEE Standard Terms for Reporting and Analyzing Outage Occurrences and Outage States of Electrical Transmission Facilities 1. Purpose This standard is intended to aid the e
45、lectric power industry in reporting and analyzing outage occurrences of transmission facilities. Use of sys- tematic, precise definitions is essential for mean- ingful exchange of data. It is expected that spe- cific instructions for reporting outages will be developed by the industry based on these
46、 definitions. The outage definitions and indices are intended for use in system planning models, operations and maintenance planning, and system design. The definitions and indices may not be sufficiently detailed to cover the information required for equipment design. 2. Scope This standard defines
47、 terminology and indices for reporting and analyzing outage occurrences of transmission facilities. Outage definitions and indices are given for two general types of facilities -units and components. Units are functional facilities which transfer power between designated points, while components are
48、 specific pieces of equipment. Outage definitions are given both for describing the outage history of a particular facility and for describing groups of individual outage occur- rences which are related in some way. 3. Equipment Classifications 3.1 Component. A device which performs a major operating function and which is regarded as an entity for purposes of recording and analyzing data on outage occurrences. NOTE 1: Some examples of components are line sections, transformers, ac/dc converters, series capacitors or reactors, shunt capacitors or reactors, circuit br