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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 5588-9: 1989 Fire precautions in the design and construction of buildings Part 9: Code of practice for ventilation and air conditioning ductwork UDC 614.841.334:699.81:696:69.027.7:697.9:001.4:006.76 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Dec 01 14:08:29 GMT+00:00 2006,
2、Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5588-9:1989 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Fire Standards Policy Committee, was published under the authority of the Board of BSI and comes into effect on 28 February 1989 BSI 12-1998 The following BSI references relate to the wor
3、k on this standard: Committee reference FSM/14 Draft for comment 86/41223 DC ISBN 0 580 17161 2 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Fire Standards Policy Committee (FSM/-) to Technical Committee FSM/14, upon which the followi
4、ng bodies were represented: Association of Metropolitan AuthoritiesElectricity Supply Industry in England and British Fire Services AssociationWales British Gas plcFire Brigades Union British Retailers AssociationHealth and Safety Executive Building Employers ConfederationHome Office Chartered insti
5、tution of Building Services Incorporated Association of Architects and EngineersSurveyors Chief and Assistant Chief Fire Officers Institute of Building Control AssociationInstitution of Fire Engineers Consumer Policy Committee of BSIInstitution of Gas Engineers Department of Education and ScienceIns
6、titution of Structural Engineers Department of Health and Social SecurityLondon Fire and Civil Defence Authority Department of the Environment (Building Loss Prevention Council Research Establishment)National Council of Building Materials Department of the Environment (Construction Producers Industr
7、ies Directorate)Royal Institute of British Architects Department of the Environment (Property Royal institution of Chartered Surveyors Services Agency)Scottish Development Department Department of the Environment for Northern Timber Research and Development Association Ireland The following bodies w
8、ere also represented in the drafting of the standard, through subcommittees and panels: Access Committee for EnglandHevac Association Association of British Theatre TechniciansIntumescent Fire Seals Association Association of Consulting EngineersNational House-building Council Cinematograph Exhibito
9、rs Association of Sports Council Great Britain and Northern IrelandSteel Window Association Flat Glass Manufacturers AssociationTheatres Advisory Council Heating and Ventilating Contractors Association Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.Date of issueComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheff
10、ieldun, na, Fri Dec 01 14:08:29 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5588-9:1989 BSI 12-1998i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover Forewordii Section 1. General 1Scope1 2Definitions1 3Use of this code2 Section 2. Analysis of the problem 4General5 5Fire problems of ventilat
11、ion systems5 Section 3. Design and construction 6Ductwork systems11 7Methods for the protection of ventilation ductwork11 8Fire dampers13 9Installation of ductwork systems15 10Combustibility of materials and components20 11Recirculating distribution systems21 12Domestic heating, ventilating and air
12、conditioning systems22 13Transfer grilles22 14Firefighting control22 Appendix A Advice to management23 Figure 1 Potential smoke spread within ventilation systems7 Figure 2 Positioning of fire dampers in systems with unprotected ductwork16 Figure 3 Positioning of fire dampers in systems where the duc
13、twork is protected by a fire-resisting enclosure17 Figure 4 Positioning of fire dampers in systems with fire-resisting ductwork18 Figure 5 Shunt systems20 Publications referred toInside back cover Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Dec 01 14:08:29 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c)
14、BSI BS 5588-9:1989 ii BSI 12-1998 Foreword This code of practice, prepared under the direction of the Fire Standards Policy Committee, is a revision of appendix A of CP 413. CP 413 will be withdrawn on the publication of its revision (excluding appendix A) as BS 8313, which gives recommendations for
15、 the design, construction, installation and maintenance of ducts in buildings used for the accommodation of services. The fire protection of ventilation systems has, in the past, tended to be considered primarily in the context of the breakdown of fire compartmentation in buildings. Ventilation syst
16、ems and ductwork however can be responsible for accelerating the initial spread of fire, for example between rooms within a fire compartment, and perhaps of even more importance, by the rapid dispersion of smoke and decomposition products. This code therefore considers the system as a whole and reco
17、mmends the protection that needs to be provided in order to meet the specific requirements of any given type of building or occupancy. Some of the more important changes from the text of appendix A of CP 413 are as follows. a) Fire problems associated with ventilation ductwork generally are more ext
18、ensively discussed. b) Three main approaches to the fire protection of ventilation ductwork are identified. These three approaches form the basis for subsequent recommendations. c) Problems associated with ventilation ductwork in different building occupancies are discussed. d) In section three the
19、commentary on the relevant principles is followed by any recommendations that are made. The commentary on the relevant principles is intended to provide an explanatory background to the recommendations. This code draws attention to the potential fire dangers associated with ventilation and air condi
20、tioning ductwork. The systems covered include ducted supply and extract systems, whether through ducts or plenums, mechanically assisted systems and those relying on natural convection. It discusses a range of protective measures, the adoption of which should effectively counterbalance the potential
21、 dangers of fire. It offers guidance on the appropriateness of such protective methods in a range of circumstances. However, no single recommendation is made in respect of any specific method of protection for a given type of occupancy. Each project should be examined by the designer to identify the
22、 potential dangers before selecting the appropriate protective measures. The code is mainly concerned with the effective isolation of the ventilation system. It provides advice on the selection of appropriate measures that will confine fire, smoke and decomposition products within a pre-selected are
23、a of the building, or within the system itself, in such a way that other areas are subject neither to fire attack nor to the spread of smoke and/or toxic gases. A fire can generate large quantities of combustion products (usually referred to as “smoke”), namely hot gases carrying smoke particles and
24、 containing toxic or noxious and irritant products. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Dec 01 14:08:29 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5588-9:1989 BSI 12-1998iii In the event of a fire within a building, ventilation by natural or mechanical means can be used to limit the s
25、pread of these products which could otherwise hinder or prevent escape and thus endanger the lives of the occupants, and restrict or prevent effective rescue and firefighting by the fire brigade. The requirements for ventilation in the event of fire may, on occasion, be incompatible with those for n
26、ormal ventilation. In most cases larger flows of air or gases have to be allowed for, in directions sometimes different from those required for normal ventilation. Experimental evidence of the efficacy of measures to prevent fire spread by way of ductwork is scarce. A considerable international effo
27、rt is being made, aimed at a better understanding of the problems of fire and smoke spread associated with ventilation ductwork. In particular this concerns the pressure distribution throughout a building and how this is affected, either directly or indirectly, by fire. This code is based on the bes
28、t available information in respect of both practical experience and scientific investigation. Throughout the code life safety is the main parameter in setting standards. However, measures taken to inhibit the spread of fire and smoke between compartments for life safety purposes may often have benef
29、its for property protection. It has been assumed in the drafting of this code that the execution of its provisions will be entrusted to appropriately qualified and experienced people. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standard
30、s are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. In particular, attention is drawn to 3.4. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to iv, pages 1 to 24, an ins
31、ide back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Dec 01 14:08:29 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (
32、c) BSI iv blank Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Dec 01 14:08:29 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5588-9:1989 BSI 12-19981 Section 1 Section 1. General 1 Scope This code of practice provides guidance for designers and the building construction team in their task of incorp
33、orating ventilation and air conditioning ductwork into new and existing buildings other than premises covered by BS 5908. It is essential that the recommendations of the code are applied anew if physical alterations are made to an existing building, even if such alterations are not structural. The c
34、ode covers non-combustible building services ducts, and ductwork manufactured from metal and/or rigid mineral based components which exhibit: a) high integrity when exposed to fully developed fire conditions; b) resistance to penetration by flame; c) an ability to exclude or contain fire. It does no
35、t cover ductwork manufactured from materials that rapidly melt, shatter or degrade during fire exposure, for example glass and plastics materials. The code covers precautions to prevent the spread of fire and smoke and other by-products of combustion within a building through the movement of air for
36、 environmental control, i.e. ventilation, heating and cooling. It does not cover the movement of air for purposes other than for environmental control, e.g. boiler flues, pneumatic information transfer systems, nor smoke control systems, pressurization systems and industrial process plant extract sy
37、stems. NOTE 1The design and construction of service ducts is covered in BS 83131) and the design of pressurization systems for smoke control in protected escape routes is covered in BS 5588-4. NOTE 2The titles of the publications referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover. 2 De
38、finitions For the purposes of this code the following definitions apply. 2.1 air handling void (plenum) a duct, usually a ceiling or floor void, which forms part of either the supply or the return air distribution system 2.2 cavity barrier construction provided: a) to seal a cavity (concealed space)
39、 against the penetration of smoke and flame; or b) within a cavity (concealed space) to restrict the movement of smoke and flame within the cavity. 2.3 ceiling void a cavity between a structural floor or roof and the suspended ceiling below, through which building services may pass 2.4 class 0 mater
40、ial or surface either: a) composed throughout of materials of limited combustibility; or b) composed of a material classified as class 1 when tested in accordance with BS 476-7, which has a fire propagation index l of not more than 12, and a subindex i1 of not more than 6, when tested in accordance
41、with BS 476-6. 2.5 compartment a part of a building, comprising one or more rooms, spaces or storeys, constructed to prevent the spread of fire to or from another part of the same building 2.6 duct a passage through which services such as water pipes, electrical cables or air ductwork can be led thr
42、ough a building 2.7 ductwork a system of enclosures of any cross-sectional shape for the distribution or extraction of air 2.8 fire resistance the ability of a component or construction of a building to satisfy for a stated period of time the appropriate criteria specified in the relevant Part of BS
43、 476 2.9 fire damper a mobile closure within a duct which is operated automatically or manually and is designed to prevent the passage of fire and which, together with its frame, is capable of satisfying for a stated period of time the fire resistance criterion for integrity 2.10 fire stopping a sea
44、l provided to close an imperfection of fit between elements, components or construction in a building, or any joint, so as to restrict penetration of smoke and flame through that imperfection or joint 1) In preparation. Revision of CP 413. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Dec 01 14:08
45、:29 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5588-9:1989 2 BSI 12-1998 Section 1 2.11 floor void a cavity between a structural floor and a platform floor above, through which building services may pass 2.12 material of limited combustibility either: a) a non-combustible material; or b) any mate
46、rial of density 300 kg/m3 or more which, when tested in accordance with BS 476-11, does not flame and the rise in temperature on the furnace thermocouple is not more than 20 C; or c) any material with a non-combustible core of 8 mm thick or more, having combustible facings (on one or both sides) not
47、 more than 0.5 mm thick; or d) any material of density less than 300 kg/m3 which, when tested in accordance with BS 476-11, does not flame for more than 10 seconds and the rise in temperature on the centre (specimen) thermocouple is not more than 35 C and on the furnace thermocouple is not more than
48、 25 C. 2.13 non-combustible any material capable of satisfying the performance requirements specified in BS 476-4, or any material which when tested in accordance with BS 476-11 does not flame nor cause any rise in temperature on either the centre (specimen) or furnace thermocouples 2.14 pressurizat
49、ion a method of protecting escape routes against the ingress of smoke by maintaining the air within them at pressures higher than those in adjacent parts of the building 2.15 protected shaft a stairway, lift, escalator, chute, duct or other shaft of fire-resisting construction which enables persons, things or air to pass from one compartment to another 2.16 protected stairway/lobby/corridor a stairway, including any exit passageway leading therefrom to its final exit, or lobby or corridor, separated from any other part of the building by fire-resisting construc