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1、 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION IEC TS 60034-25 First edition 2004-04 Rotating electrical machines Part 25: Guide for the design and performance of cage induction motors specifically designed for converter supply Reference number IEC/TS 60034-25:2004(E) Copyright International Electrotechnical Commission P
2、rovided by IHS under license with IECLicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/09/2007 21:03:17 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Publication numbering As from 1 January 1997 all IEC publications are issued with a designation in t
3、he 60000 series. For example, IEC 34-1 is now referred to as IEC 60034-1. Consolidated editions The IEC is now publishing consolidated versions of its publications. For example, edition numbers 1.0, 1.1 and 1.2 refer, respectively, to the base publication, the base publication incorporating amendmen
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8、tact the Customer Service Centre (see below) for further information. Customer Service Centre If you have any questions regarding this publication or need further assistance, please contact the Customer Service Centre: Email: custserviec.ch Tel: +41 22 919 02 11 Fax: +41 22 919 03 00 Copyright Inter
9、national Electrotechnical Commission Provided by IHS under license with IECLicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/09/2007 21:03:17 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION IEC TS 60034-25 First edition 2004-04
10、Rotating electrical machines Part 25: Guide for the design and performance of cage induction motors specifically designed for converter supply PRICE CODE IEC 2004 Copyright - all rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mech
11、anical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher. International Electrotechnical Commission, 3, rue de Varemb, PO Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland Telephone: +41 22 919 02 11 Telefax: +41 22 919 03 00 E-mail: inmailiec.ch Web: www.iec.ch X For pri
12、ce, see current catalogue Commission Electrotechnique Internationale International Electrotechnical Commission Copyright International Electrotechnical Commission Provided by IHS under license with IECLicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/09/2007 21:03:17 MSTNo repr
13、oduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 2 TS 60034-25 IEC:2004(E) CONTENTS FOREWORD.5 INTRODUCTION.7 1 Scope.8 2 Normative references .8 3 Terms and definitions .9 4 System characteristics10 4.1 General.10 4.2 System information10 4.3 Torque/speed considerations.10 4.3.1 Gene
14、ral .10 4.3.2 Torque/speed capability.11 4.3.3 Voltage/speed characteristics12 4.3.4 Limiting factors on torque/speed capability 12 4.3.5 Resonant speed bands13 4.3.6 Duty cycles13 4.4 Converter control types .13 4.4.1 General .13 4.4.2 Converter type considerations .14 4.5 Converter output voltage
15、generation15 4.5.1 Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) .15 4.5.2 Hysteresis (sliding mode) 15 4.5.3 Influence of switching frequency16 4.5.4 Multi-level converters 17 4.6 Motor requirements .17 5 Losses and their effects19 5.1 General.19 5.2 Losses in motors supplied from voltage-source converters 19 5.3 L
16、ocation of the extra losses and ways to reduce them.20 5.4 Converter features to reduce the motor losses 20 5.5 Temperature and life expectancy.21 5.6 Determination of motor efficiency 21 6 Noise, vibration and oscillating torques 21 6.1 Noise and vibration in an induction motor supplied from a conv
17、erter21 6.1.1 General .21 6.1.2 Changes in noise emission due to changes in speed .22 6.1.3 Magnetically excited noise.23 6.1.4 Torsional oscillation.23 6.2 Sound power level determination and limits.24 6.2.1 Methods of measurement 24 6.2.2 Test conditions 24 6.2.3 Sound power level limits24 6.3 Vib
18、ration level determination and limits .24 6.3.1 Method of measurement 24 6.3.2 Test conditions 25 6.3.3 Vibration level limits 25 Copyright International Electrotechnical Commission Provided by IHS under license with IECLicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/09/2007
19、21:03:17 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- TS 60034-25 IEC:2004(E) 3 7 Motor insulation electrical stresses.25 7.1 General.25 7.2 Causes25 7.3 Winding electrical stress27 7.4 Insulation stress limitation .29 7.5 Responsibilities .29 7.6 Converter characteristi
20、cs.30 7.7 Methods of reduction of voltage stress 30 7.8 Motor choice .31 8 Bearing currents.31 8.1 Sources of bearing currents in converter-fed motors31 8.1.1 General .31 8.1.2 Magnetic asymmetry31 8.1.3 Electrostatic buildup 32 8.1.4 High frequency voltages 32 8.2 Generation of high frequency beari
21、ng currents 32 8.2.1 General .32 8.2.2 Circulating current .33 8.2.3 Shaft grounding current .33 8.2.4 Capacitive discharge current .33 8.3 Common-mode circuit33 8.3.1 General .33 8.3.2 System common-mode current flow .33 8.4 Stray capacitances34 8.4.1 General .34 8.4.2 Major component of capacitanc
22、e .34 8.4.3 Other capacitances35 8.5 Consequences of excessive bearing currents35 8.6 Preventing high frequency bearing current damage.36 8.6.1 Basic approaches36 8.6.2 Other preventive measures36 9 Installation38 9.1 Grounding, bonding and cabling 38 9.1.1 General .38 9.1.2 Grounding .38 9.1.3 Bond
23、ing of motors .39 9.1.4 Motor power cables .39 9.2 Reactors and filters .44 9.2.1 General .44 9.2.2 Output reactors44 9.2.3 Voltage limiting filter (dv/dt filter) .44 9.2.4 Sinusoidal filter44 9.2.5 Motor termination unit44 Annex A (informative) Converter output spectra.46 Bibliography48 Copyright I
24、nternational Electrotechnical Commission Provided by IHS under license with IECLicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/09/2007 21:03:17 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 4 TS 60034-25 IEC:2004(E) Figure 1 Component parts of a PD
25、S.7 Figure 2 Torque/speed capability .11 Figure 3 Converter output current 11 Figure 4 Converter output voltage12 Figure 5 Effects of switching frequency on motor and converter losses16 Figure 6 Effects of switching frequency on acoustic noise16 Figure 7 Effects of switching frequency on torque ripp
26、le 17 Figure 8 Example of measured losses W, as a function of frequency f and supply type19 Figure 9 Additional losses W of a motor (same motor as Figure 8) due to converter supply, as a function of pulse frequency fp, at 50 Hz rotational frequency.20 Figure 10 Fan noise as a function of fan speed22
27、 Figure 11 Typical surges at the terminals of a motor fed from a PWM converter 26 Figure 12 Typical voltage surges on one phase at the converter and at the motor terminals (2 ms/division) .26 Figure 13 Individual short rise time surge from Figure 12 (1 s/division) 27 Figure 14 Definition of the peak
28、 rise time tr of the voltage at the motor terminals .28 Figure 15 First turn voltage as a function of the surge rise time .28 Figure 16 Discharge pulse occurring as a result of converter generated voltage surge at motor terminals (100 ns/division) 29 Figure 17 Limiting curves of impulse voltage Vpk,
29、 measured between two motor phase terminals, as a function of the impulse rise time tr30 Figure 18 Possible bearing currents.32 Figure 19 Motor capacitances 35 Figure 20 Bearing pitting due to electrical discharge (pit diameter 30 m to 50 m) .36 Figure 21 Fluting due to excessive bearing current 36
30、Figure 22 Bonding strap from motor terminal box to motor frame .39 Figure 23 Examples of shielded motor cables and connections40 Figure 24 Parallel symmetrical cabling of high-power converter and motor.41 Figure 25 Converter connections with 360 HF cable glands, showing the Faraday Cage 42 Figure 26
31、 Motor end termination with 360 connection .42 Figure 27 Cable shield connection .43 Figure 28 Characteristics of preventative measures.45 Figure A.1 Typical frequency spectra of converter output voltage of a) constant frequency PWM control and b) hysteresis control46 Figure A.2 Typical frequency sp
32、ectra of converter output voltage of a) random PWM control and b) hysteresis control .47 Figure A.3 Typical time characteristics of motor current of a) constant frequency PWM control and b) hysteresis control47 Table 1 Significant factors affecting torque/speed capability 12 Table 2 Motor design con
33、siderations17 Table 3 Motor parameters18 Table 4 Sound power level as a function of output power.24 Table 5 Effectiveness of bearing current countermeasures 37 Copyright International Electrotechnical Commission Provided by IHS under license with IECLicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bern
34、ie Not for Resale, 03/09/2007 21:03:17 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- TS 60034-25 IEC:2004(E) 5 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ ROTATING ELECTRICAL MACHINES Part 25: Guide for the design and performance of cage induction motors specifically desi
35、gned for converter supply FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concern
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46、pport cannot be obtained for the publication of an International Standard, despite repeated efforts, or The subject is still under technical development or where, for any other reason, there is the future but no immediate possibility of an agreement on an International Standard. Technical specificat
47、ions are subject to review within three years of publication to decide whether they can be transformed into International Standards. IEC 60034-25, which is a technical specification, has been prepared by IEC technical committee 2: Rotating machinery. Copyright International Electrotechnical Commissi
48、on Provided by IHS under license with IECLicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/09/2007 21:03:17 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 6 TS 60034-25 IEC:2004(E) The text of this technical specification is based on the following documents: Enquiry draft Report on voting 2/1271/DTR 2/1288/RVC Full information on the voting for the approva