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1、 The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA Copyright 2000 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved. Published 5 June 2000. Printed in the United States of America. Print: ISBN 0-7381-2478-8SH94848
2、 PDF: ISBN 0-7381-2479-6SS94848 No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. IEEE Std 1277-2000 IEEE Standard General Requirements and Test Code for Dry-Type and Oil-Immersed Smoothin
3、g Reactors for DC Power Transmission Sponsor Transformers Committee of the IEEE Power Engineering Society Approved 30 March 2000 IEEE-SA Standards Board Abstract: The electrical, mechanical, and physical requirements of oil-immersed and dry-type air core smoothing reactors for high-voltage direct cu
4、rrent (HVDC) applications are specified. Test code is defined and appropriate technical background information is presented or identified. Keywords: construction, dry-type air core, HVDC, oil-immersed, rating, smoothing reactors, test code application IEEE Standards documents are developed within th
5、e IEEE Societies and the Standards Coordinating Com- mittees of the IEEE Standards Association (IEEE-SA) Standards Board. Members of the committees serve voluntarily and without compensation. They are not necessarily members of the Institute. The standards developed within IEEE represent a consensus
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8、nd comments received from users of the standard. Every IEEE Standard is subjected to review at least every fi ve years for revision or reaffi rmation. When a document is more than fi ve years old and has not been reaffi rmed, it is rea- sonable to conclude that its contents, although still of some v
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16、s standard may require use of subject matter covered by patent rights. By publication of this standard, no position is taken with respect to the existence or validity of any patent rights in connection therewith. The IEEE shall not be responsible for identifying patents for which a license may be re
17、quired by an IEEE standard or for conducting inquiries into the legal validity or scope of those patents that are brought to its attention. Copyright 2000 IEEE. All rights reserved. iii Introduction (This introduction is not part of IEEE Std 1277-2000, IEEE Standard General Requirements and Test Cod
18、e for Dry-Type and Oil-Immersed Smoothing Reactors for DC Power Transmission) In 1986 the Transformers Committee of the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers created the HVDC Converter Transformers and Smoothing Reactors Subcommittee. This committee developed from the working group that p
19、repared paper 85 SM 375-1, “Recommended Dielectric Tests and Test Procedures for Converter Transformers and Smoothing Reactors.” Although smoothing reactors for HVDC application have been built and operated for over 30 years, prior to this standard there were only a limited number of papers, guides,
20、 and standards available that presented suggested dielectric tests for the HVDC equipment (see Annex D of this standard for a list of some of the most relevant documents). The IEC reactor standard IEC 60289:1988 also covers smoothing reactors in Clause 8; focus is not, however, application-specifi c
21、. Clearly, with the increased activity in HVDC transmission there was a signifi cant need for a standard specifi cally covering the requirements and testing of smoothing reactors for HVDC applications, and the fi rst responsibility of the new subcommittee was to create proposed standards for convert
22、er transformers and smoothing reactors for HVDC application. Two separate standards have been developedone for oil- fi lled converter transformers and one for both dry-type and oil-fi lled smoothing reactors. Signifi cant accomplishments of this standard include: a)Establishment of dielectric tests
23、on HVDC equipment. In addition to the polarity reversal and 1 h dc tests recommended by previous papers, a special 1 h ac-applied voltage test has been included for oil-fi lled smoothing reactors to demonstrate insulation integrity for service conditions. a)A consistent test methodology has been dev
24、eloped for both oil-immersed and dry-type air-core smoothing reactors that refl ects both in-service operating stresses as well as current test equipment capability. This standard was produced by members of the HVDC Converter Transformers and Smoothing Reactors Subcommittee and members of the Dry Ty
25、pe Reactor working group. Richard F. Dudley , Chair William (Bill) N. Kennedy , Co-Chair Other individuals who contributed to the development of this standard are: Dennis J. Allan Raymond Allustiarti Gene Blackburn Dan DeLa Cruz V. Dahinden Fred Elliott J. Foldi J. Alan C. Forrest K. R. Highton Anth
26、ony J. Jonnatti Lars-Erik Juhlin Sheldon F. Kennedy Frank A. Lewis Nigel P. McQuin Wesley F. Patterson Klaus Papp Paulette Payne Carlos Piexoto Greg S. Polovick Einar Purra Pierre Riffon Michael Sharp Georges H. Vaillancourt Joe Watson Gene Wolf James CrossPeter Iijima Jack W. McGill W. W. Stein iv
27、Copyright 2000 IEEE. All rights reserved. The following members of the balloting committee voted on this standard: When the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this standard on 30 March 2000, it had the following membership: Donald N. Heirman, Chair James T. Carlo, Vice Chair Judith Gorman, Secretary *
28、Member Emeritus Also included is the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaison: Alan Cookson, NIST Representative Donald R. Volzka, TAB Representative Noelle D. Humenick IEEE Standards Project Editor S. H. Aguirre Ron L. Barker Mike Barnes A. Bartek Martin Baur Enrique Betancourt Thomas E.
29、 Blackburn, III Simon R. Chano Richard F. Dudley Fred E. Elliott Keith Ellis Richard D. Graham N. Wayne Hansen Philip J. Hopkinson James D. Huddleston, III John S. Hurst Charles W. Johnson Lars-Erik Juhlin Sheldon P. Kennedy Barin Kumar Stephen R. Lambert J. P. Lazar William A. Maguire Richard P. Ma
30、rek K.T. Massouda John W. Matthews Nigel P. McQuin Joe Melanson Klaus Papp Dhiru S. Patel Paulette A. Payne Dan D. Perco Mark D. Perkins Linden W. Pierce Paul Pillitteri E. Purra J. C. Riboud Pierre Riffon Subhas Sarkar Devki Sharma Hyeong Jin Sim Chuck Simmons Tarkeshwar Singh Craig L. Stiegemeier
31、Ron W. Stoner John Vandermaar Robert A. Veitch Joe D. Watson Satish K. Aggarwal Mark D. Bowman Gary R. Engmann Harold E. Epstein H. Landis Floyd Jay Forster* Howard M. Frazier Ruben D. Garzon James H. Gurney Richard J. Holleman Lowell G. Johnson Robert J. Kennelly Joseph L. Koepfi nger* Peter H. Lip
32、s L. Bruce McClung Daleep C. Mohla James W. Moore Robert F. Munzner Ronald C. Petersen Gerald H. Peterson John B. Posey Gary S. Robinson Akio Tojo Donald W. Zipse Copyright 2000 IEEE. All rights reserved. v Contents 1.Scope 1 2.References 1 3.Definitions 3 4.Letter symbols 4 5.General requirementssy
33、stems and environmental data 5 5.1 Usual service conditions 5 5.2 Unusual service conditions 5 6.Rating data. 8 6.1 Basis for rating. 8 6.2 Rated dc voltage. 8 6.3 Rated currents 8 6.4 Inductance 9 6.5 Basic impulse insulation level (BIL). 9 6.6 Cooling classes. 10 6.7 Other specification requiremen
34、ts. 10 7.Construction of oil-immersed smoothing reactors. 13 7.1 Tank and tank components for oil-immersed smoothing reactors. 13 7.2 Oil preservation for oil-immersed smoothing reactors 14 7.3 Auxiliary equipment for oil-immersed smoothing reactors. 16 8.Tests. 18 8.1 General. 18 8.2 Routine, desig
35、n, and other tests for smoothing reactors 18 9.Losses and inductance 22 9.1 Losses. 22 9.2 Inductance 23 10.Temperature rise and loading conditions. 23 10.1 Temperature-rise limits and loading conductors 23 10.2 Temperature of metalic parts in contact with insulation 24 10.3 Temperature of other met
36、alic parts 24 10.4 Temperature rise of insulating liquid. 24 10.5 Temperature rise of terminals 24 Copyright 2000 IEEE. All rights reserved. vi 11.Dielectric tests and insulation levels 25 11.1 Impulse tests. 25 11.2 DC voltage tests. 25 11.3 DC polarity-reversal test with partial discharge measurem
37、ents for oil-immersed smoothing reactors. 26 11.4 Low-frequency voltage tests on line terminals 26 12.Test code 27 12.1 General. 27 12.2 Resistance measurements. 27 12.3 Losses and impedance 29 12.4 Temperature-rise test . 33 12.5 Dielectric tests for oil-immersed smoothing reactors 39 12.6 Dielectr
38、ic tests for dry-type smoothing reactors 47 12.7 Audible sound level test. 52 12.8 Short-circuit withstand verification . 56 12.9 Capacitor discharge test. 57 12.10 DC power test for oil-immersed and dry-type SMRs 57 12.11 Seismic verification test. 58 12.12 Nameplates for oil-immersed and dry-type
39、smoothing reactors 58 Annex A (informative) Application of HVDC smoothing reactors. 61 Annex B (informative) Construction and installation of dry-type air-core smoothing reactors for HVDC application 67 Annex C (informative) Short-circuit capability. 70 Annex D (informative) Bibliography. 73 IEEE St
40、andard General Requirements and Test Code for Dry-Type and Oil-Immersed Smoothing Reactors for DC Power Transmission 1. Scope This standard applies only to oil-immersed and dry-type smoothing reactors for dc transmission. It does not apply to other smoothing reactors such as reactors for power conve
41、rters for variable speed drives, etc. 2. References This standard shall be used in conjunction with the following standards. When the following standards are superseded by an approved revision, the revision shall apply. ANSI C68.3-1976, American National Standard Recommended Practice for the Detecti
42、on and Measurement of Partial Discharges (Corona) During Dielectric Tests. 1 ANSI S1.4-1983, American National Standard Specifi cation for Sound Level Meters. ANSI/ASME B1.1-1989, American National Standard Unifi ed Inch Screw Threads (UN and UNR Thread Forms). ANSI/ASME B1.1a-1984, Unifi ed Inch Sc
43、rew Threads (UN and UNR Thread Form) Supplement to ANSI B1.1-1982. ANSI/ASME B1.20.1-1983, Pipe Threads General Purpose (Inch). ANSI/ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (BPV), 1984 Edition. 1 ANSI publications are available from the Sales Department, American National Standards Institute, 11 West 4
44、2nd Street, 13th Floor, New York, NY 10036, USA (http:/www.ansi.org/). IEEE Std 1277-2000IEEE TRIAL-USE GENERAL REQUIREMENTS AND TEST CODE FOR DRY-TYPE 2 Copyright 2000 IEEE. All rights reserved. ASTM D117-1987, Standard Methods of Testing and Specifi cations for Electrical Insulating Oils of Petrol
45、eum Origin. 2 ASTM D3487-1981, Specifi cations for Mineral Insulating Oil Used in Electrical Apparatus. IEC 60076-3 (2000-03), Power transformersPart 3: Insulation levels, dielectric tests, and external clearances in air. 3 IEC 60270 (1981-01), Partial discharge measurements. IEC/TR2 61245 (1993-10)
46、, Artifi cial pollution tests on high-voltage insulators to be used on dc systems. IEEE Std 1-1986 (Reaff 1992), IEEE Standard General Principles for Temperature Limits in the Rating of Electric Equipment and for the Evaluation of Electrical Insulation. 4 IEEE Std 4-1995, IEEE Standard Techniques fo
47、r High Voltage Testing. IEEE Std 315-1975, (Reaff 1993), IEEE Standard Graphic Symbols for Electrical and Electronics Diagrams (Including Reference Designation Letters). IEEE Std 315A-1986, (Reaff 1993), Supplement to IEEE Std 315-1975 (Reaff 1993), IEEE Graphic Symbols for Electrical and Electronic
48、 Diagrams. IEEE Std 693-1997, IEEE Recommended Practices for Seismic Design of Substations. IEEE Std C57.12.00-1993, IEEE Standard General Requirements for Liquid-Immersed Distribution, Power, and Regulating Transformers. IEEE Std C57.12.80-1978 (Reaff 1992), IEEE Standard Terminology for Power and
49、Distribution Transformers. IEEE Std C57.12.90-1999, IEEE Standard Test Code for Liquid-Immersed Distribution, Power, and Regulating Transformers. IEEE Std C57.16-1996, IEEE Standard Requirements, Terminology, and Test Code for Dry-Type Air-Core Series-Connected Reactors. IEEE Std C57.19.03-1996, IEEE Standard Requirements, Terminology, and Test Code for Bushings for DC Applications. IEEE Std C57.98-1993 (Reaff 1999), IEEE Guide for Transformer Impulse Tests. IEEE Std C57.106-1991, IEEE Guide for Acceptance and Maintenance of Insulating Oil in Equipment. IEEE Std C57.113-1991, I