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1、ANSI C57.12.50-1981 (RI 998) American National Standard Re uirements forventilated Dr -T pe Dis 1 ributionTransformers I to w O kVA, Single-Phase and 15 to 500 kVA Three-phase, with ki h-Volta e 601 t8 Volts 34 500 Volts, Low-Vo 4 age 12 8 to 600 Approved 811 5/80 American National Standards Institu
2、te, Inc. The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc 3 Park Avenue, NewYork, NY 10016-5997, USA Copyright O 2003 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Print: ISBN 0-7381-3643-3 SH95118 PDF: ISBN 0-7
3、381-3644-1 SS95118 No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. American National Standard Approval of an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI that the requirement
4、s for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by the standards developer. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement me
5、ans much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution. The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; their existence does not in any respect pr
6、eclude anyone, whether he has approved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards. The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in no circumstances give an interpretatio
7、n of any American National Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests for interpretations should be addressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name a
8、ppears on the title page of this standard. CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard. Purchasers of Amer
9、ican National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute. 11 -,-,- Foreword (This Foreword is not a part of American National Standard Requirements for Ventilated Dry-Type Distribution Transformers, 1 to 500 kVA, Single-
10、phase, and 15 to 500 kVA, Three-phase, with High-Voltage 601 to 34 500 Volts, Low-Voltage 120 to 600 Volts, ANSI C57.12.50-1981.) This new dry-type transformer standard describes ventilated dry-type transformers with self-cooled kVA ratings 1- 500, and high voltages 2400-34 500 volts. (Forced-air-co
11、oled ratings for certain sizes are listed in Part Il.) It is also applicable from 601-2400 volts, but not for high voltages 600 volts and below, since American National Standards Committee C89 on Specialty Transformers has responsibility for transformers with high voltages 600 volts and below. This
12、standard is part of a new series of standards for dry-type transformers that also includes American National Standard General Requirements for Dry-Type Distribution and Power Transformers, ANSUIEEE C57.12.01-1979; American National Standard Test Code for Dry-Type Distribution and Power Transformers,
13、 ANSUIEEE C57.12.91- 1979; American National Standard Requirements for Ventilated Dry-Type Power Transformers, 501 kVA and Larger, Three-phase, with Highvoltage 601-34 500 Volts, Low-Voltage 208Y/120 to 4160 Volts, ANSI C57.12.51-1981; and American National Standard Requirements for Sealed Dry-Type
14、Power Transformers, 501 kVA and Larger, Three- Phase, with High-Voltage 601-34 500 Volts, Low-Voltage 208Y/120 to 4160 Volts, ANSI C57.12.52-1981. Dry-type transformers have been covered in the past by a variety of documents, including American National Standard General Requirements for Distribution
15、, Power, and Regulating Transformers, ANSI C57.12.00- 1973; American National Standard Test Code for Distribution, Power, and Regulating Transformers, ANSI C57.12.90- 1973; American National Standard Dry-Type Transformers for General Applications, ANSUNEMA ST 20-1 972; and Commercial, Institutional,
16、 and Industrial Dry-Type Transformers, NEMA TR 27-1965 (R1976). The new standards are the result of an effort encompassing the interests of users, manufacturers, and others dedicated to developing voluntary consensus standards primarily for dry-type transformers. They have various significant change
17、s, including higher BILs (for most voltages), more stringent and meaningful short-circuit requirements, improved descriptions of “usual” and “unusual” service conditions, and numerous other improvements. The new standards should be easier and more efficient to use, since they are arranged according
18、to the sequence in which information is normally needed. ANSI C57.12.50-1981 includes customary units and metric (SI) units, in accordance with ANSI policy. Sound levels were discussed in the preparation of this standard, but are not included at present. As a matter of information, NEMA TR 1-1974, T
19、ransformers, Regulators, and Reactors, includes data concerning dry-type transformer sound levels. It should be noted that ANSI C57.12.50-1981 covers some of the scope of ANSI (39.2-1972 (NEMA ST 20-1972). It is understood from the chairman of American National Standards Committee on Specialty Trans
20、formers, C89, that the committee will delete that portion of the scope of C89.2 relating to transformers 601 volts and above to eliminate duplication. This standard is a voluntary consensus standard. Its use is mandatory only when required by a duly constituted legal authority or when specified in a
21、 contractual relationship. To meet specialized needs and to allow innovation, specific changes are permissible when mutually determined by the user and the producer, provided such changes do not violate existing laws and are considered technically adequate for the function intended. When this docume
22、nt is used on a mandatory basis, the word “shall” indicates mandatory requirements, and words “should” and “may” refer to matters which are recommended and permitted, respectively, but not mandatory. The applicable ANSI rules and procedures for the preparation and approval of voluntary consensus sta
23、ndards have been followed. These speciSl procedures for voting, review and attempted reconciliation of dissenting viewpoints, a 60-day public review period, and final review and approval by the ANSI Board of Standards Review. Suggestions for improvement of this standard will be welcome. They should
24、be sent to the American National Standards Institute, Inc, 1430 Broadway, New York, N.Y. 10018. . 1 1 1 This standard was processed and approved for submittal to ANSI by American National Standards Committee on Transformers, Regulators, and Reactors, C57. Committee approval of the standard does not
25、necessarily imply that all committee members voted for its approval. At the time it approved this standard, the C57 Committee had the following members: I. H. Koponen, Chair C. R. Willmore, Secretary Name o f Representative Organization Represented . Electric Light and Power Group . G. W. Iliff . R.
26、 R. Bast Bonneville Power Administration R. L. Ensign I. H. Koponen J. P. Markey (Alt) B. F. Smith E. A. Villasuso, Jr Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers S. Bennon J. C. Dutton D. C. Johnson L. W. Long D. E. Massey R. L. Simpson . L. C. Aicher W. R. Courtade J. W. Dix J. D. Douglass W
27、. C. Kendall K. Lindsley (Alt) W. J. McNutt N. M. Neagle (Alt) R. L. Schwab R. J. Stahara (Alt) R. E. Uptegraff, Jr National Electrical Manufacturers Association . Naval Facilities Engineering Command Rural Electrification Administration Tennessee Valley Authority Underwriters Laboratories . . W. A.
28、 Farquhar (Alt) U.S. Bureau of Reclamation U.S. Department of Energy H. P. Stickley L. R. Smith . J. C. Arnold, Jr E. J. Huber S. J. Baxter . M. Smith, Jr . Subcommittee C57.12.5 on Dry-Type Transformers, which developed this standard, had the following members: John C. Dutton, Chair Charles H. Whit
29、e, Secretary B. F. Allen (Alt) L. G. Ananian (Alt) R. Bancroft J. A. Berseth D. R. Brown F. J. Brutt C. C. Dixon R. Endicott H. E. Gabel, Jr R. H. Hollister (Alt) P. Hopkinson E. J. Huber F. J. Klecic (Alt) N. J. Melton M. Mingoia (Alt) J. J. Nay (Alt) W. J. Neiswender R. E. Rothrock R. L. Simpson S
30、. G. Vargo E. Villasuso, Jr S. A. Wiencek iv -,-,- CLAUSE 1. Scope 1 . 1 . 1 . 2 1.2 . . 1.4 . . 2. Related Standards and Guides 2.1 General. 2.2 Terminology 3 Part I: Basic Electrical and Mechanical Requirements 3. Usual Service Conditions . 4. Ratings and Characteristics . 3 . 3 4.1 Kilovolt-Amper
31、e Ratings . 3 4.2 Kilovolt-Ampere and Voltage Ratings . 4.3 Taps . 5 4.5 Polarity, Angular Displacement, . 7 4.6 Impedance Voltage. . 4 5 7 . 8 4.4 Insulati . . 5. Construction . . 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 . 8 Insulation System. Accessory Location. . . 8 Nameplate. 10 Tap Changing. . Lifting
32、Facilities and Stability 11 Grounding Facilities Transformer Enclosure . . Transformer Connec . . . 12 . 12 6. Routine Tests . . 7. Tolerances . . Part II: Other Requirements or Alternatives That May Be Specified for Some Applications 8. . . Other Ratings and Characteristics . 12 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5
33、 8.6 8.7 8.8 Other Kilovolt-Ampere Ratings. . 12 40C Average Ambient Temperature Conditions Other Winding Temperature Rises . 13 Other Insulation Systems . . Other High-Voltage Ratings and Connections 13 Y-Y Connected Transformers . . Increased Neutral Insulati . 16 Other Basic Lightning imp . sulat
34、ion Levels (BILs) V -,-,- CLAUSE 9. Other Construction . 17 9.1 High-Voltage Connection Arrangements . 17 9.2 Low-Voltage Connection Arrangements . 18 9.3 Surge Arresters . 18 9.4 Unit Substation Application. . 19 9.5 Temperature Devices . 19 9.6 Forced-Air Cooling. . . 19 9.7 Provision for Future F
35、orced-Air Cooling . . 19 9.8 Space Heaters. . 20 9.9 Current Transformers (or Provision for Their Addition in . 20 9.10 Terminal Blocks. . 20 9.1 1 Contacts. . 20 9.12 Jacking and Moving Facilities . 20 10. Other Tests . . .20 vi -,-,- American National Standard Requirements for Ventilated Dry-Type
36、Distribution Transformers, 1 to 500 kVA, Single-Phase, and 15 to 500 kVA, Three-phase, with High-Voltage 601 to 34 500 Volts, Low-Voltage 120 to 600 Volts 1. Scope 1 .I This standard is intended to set forth characteristics relating to performance, limited electrical and mechanical interchangeabilit
37、y, and safety of the equipment described, and to assist in the proper selection of such equipment. 1.2 This standard describes certain electrical and mechanical characteristics and takes into consideration certain safety features of 60-Hz, two-winding, ventilated dry-type transformers with self-cool
38、ed ratings 1 to 500 kVA, single-phase, and 15 to 500 kVA, three-phase, inclusive; high-voltage 601 to 34 500 volts, and low-voltage 120 to 600 volts, inclusive; generally used for step-down purposes. (Forced-air-cooled ratings for certain sizes are listed in Part 11.) 1.3 This standard does not appl
39、y to other types of transformers, such as specialty, ventilated dry-type 501 kVA and larger, sealed dry-type, pad-mounted dry-type, liquid immersed, instrument, regulating, furnace, mine, and rectifier transformers. Transformers with high voltage 600 volts or less are excluded. 1.4 When this standar
40、d is used on a mandatory basis, the word “shall” indicates mandatory requirements, and the words “should” and “may” refer to matters that are recommended and permitted, respectively, but not mandatory. NOTE The Foreword of this standard describes the circumstances under which the document may be use
41、d on a mandatory basis. Copyright O 2003 IEEE All Rights Reserved 1 -,-,- AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD C57.12.50-1981 1.5 Part I of this standard describes basic electrical and mechanical requirements. Part II describes other requirements or alternatives which may be specified for some applications. 2
42、. Related Standards and Guides 2.1 General. All requirements, definitions, and tests, except as specifically covered in this standard, shall be in accordance with the American National Standards listed below (see 2.3). When referred to in this document, standards are identified by designation and ye
43、ar (for example, ANSUIEEE C57.12.01-1979): American National Standard Dictionary of Electrical with High-Voltage 601-34 500 Volts, Low-Voltage 208Y/120 to 4160 Volts, ANSI C57.12.52-1981 American National Standard Requirements for Ventilated Dry-Type Power Transformers, 50 1 kVA and Larger, Three- P
44、hase; with High-Voltage 601-34 500 Volts, Low-Voltage 208Y/120 to 4160 Volts, ANSI C57.12.51-1981 American National Standard Terminal Markings and Connections for Distribution and Power Transformers, ANSI C57.12.70-1978 American National Standard Terminology for Distribution and Power Transformers,
45、ANSUIEEE C57.12.80- 1978 American National Standard Test Code for Dry-Type Distribution and Power Transformers, ANSUIEEE C57.12.91- 1979 American National Standard for Unified Inch Screw Threads (UN and UNR Thread Forms). ANSI B1.l-1974 American National Standard Voltage Ratings for Electric Power S
46、ystems and Equipment (60 Hz), ANSI (34.1-1977 and C84.la-1980 2 Copyright O 2003 IEEE All Rights Reserved AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD C57.12.50-1981 2.2 Terminology. Standard transformer terminology available in ANSUIEEE C57.12.80-1978 shall apply. Other electrical terms are defined in ANSUIEEE 100-
47、1977. 2.3 Revision of American National Standards Referred to in This Document. When an American National Standard referred to in this document is superseded by a revision approved by the American National Standards Institute, Inc, the revision shall apply. Part I: Basic Electrical and Mechanical Re
48、quirements (See Part II for other requirements or alternatives that may be specified for some applications.) 3. Usual Service Conditions Service conditions shall be in accordance with those described in ANSUIEEE C57.12.01-1979. 4. Ratings and Characteristics 4.1 Ki lovolt-Am pere Rat ngs 4.1 .I Kilo
49、volt-ampere ratings are continuous and based on not exceeding a 150C average winding temperature rise, as measured by resistance (220C limiting temperature). 4.1.2 Self-cooled (AA) kilovolt-ampere sizes shall be as shown in Table 1. Table 1 - Self-Cooled Kilovolt-Ampere Sizes Single-phase Three-phase 1 50 15 150 3 75 30 225 5 1 O 0 45 300 7.5 167 75 500 10 250 112.5