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1、IEEE Std 45-2002 (Revision of IEEE Std 45-1998) IEEE Standards 45 TM IEEE Recommended Practice for Electrical Installations on Shipboard Published by The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA 11 October 2002 IEEE Industry Applications Soc
2、iety Sponsored by the International Marine Industry Committee IEEE Standards Print: SH95035 PDF: SS95035 The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA Copyright 2002 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All rights re
3、served. Published 11 October 2002. Printed in the United States of America. “National Electrical Code” and “NEC” are both registered trademarks owned by the National Fire Protection Association, Inc. Print: ISBN 0-7381-3381-7 SH95035 PDF: ISBN 0-7381-3382-5 SS95035 No part of this publication may be
4、 reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. IEEE Std 45-2002 (Revision of IEEE Std 45-1998) IEEE Recommended Practice for Electrical Installations on Shipboard Sponsor International Marine Industry Committee of the I
5、EEE Industry Applications Society Approved 12 September 2002 IEEE-SA Standards Board Abstract: Recommendations for the design, selection, and installation of equipment on merchant vessels with electrical apparatus for lighting, signaling, communication, power, and propulsion are provided. Keywords:
6、marine electrical engineering, marine vessels, shipboard systems, ships IEEE Standards documents are developed within the IEEE Societies and the Standards Coordinating Committees of the IEEE Standards Association (IEEE-SA) Standards Board. The IEEE develops its standards through a consensus develop-
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21、ntion is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard may require use of subject mat- ter covered by patent rights. By publication of this standard, no position is taken with respect to the existence or validity of any patent rights in connection therewith. The IEEE shall not be re
22、sponsible for identifying patents for which a license may be required by an IEEE standard or for conducting inquiries into the legal validity or scope of those patents that are brought to its attention. -,-,- iiiCopyright 2002 IEEE. All rights reserved. Introduction (This introduction is not part of
23、 IEEE Std 45-2002, IEEE Recommended Practice for Electrical Installations on Shipboard.) IEEE Std 45-2002, IEEE Recommended Practice for Electrical Installations on Shipboard, constitutes the chief undertaking of the Marine Transportation Committee of the IEEE Industry Applications Society. Due to t
24、he differences among the requirements of the various classification societies and the insurance companies regarding electrical installations on shipboard, and the lack of any accepted standard engineering regarding electrical installations on shipboard, and the lack of any accepted standard engineer
25、ing practice for marine installations, the AIEEa in 1913 appointed the Marine Committee (now called Marine Transportation Committee) to take up the preparation of standard marine rules. The first edition was prepared covering two important divisions; namely, fire protection requirements and marine c
26、onstruction requirements. They were adopted by the American Bureau of Shipping and published as Section 37 of their Rules for the building and classing of vessels. As the first edition of the rules did not cover the entire field of use of electricity on shipboard, the Marine Committee of the Institu
27、te was continued. The recommendations were considerably amplified in the editions issued in 1920, 1927, 1930, 1938, 1940, 1945, 1948, 1951, 1955, 1958, 1962, 1967, 1971, 1977, 1983, and 1998. This edition updates the 1998 edition. The standard has been reorganized to eliminate duplications and make
28、it easier to use. It includes many significant additions, changes, and deletions to reflect North American and International marine electrical engineering technology and the latest system design, installation, and test practices necessary to ensure safe and reliable operation. aIn 1963 the American
29、Institute of Electrical Engineers (AIEE) merged with the Institute of Radio Engineers (IRE) to become the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE). As an IEEE recommended practice, this document provides procedures preferred by IEEE. Following the procedures in this recommended
30、 practice does not guarantee safety, and users should take all the reasonable, independent steps necessary to minimize risks to safety. -,-,- Copyright 2002 IEEE. All rights reserved.iv The following is a list of participants in the International Marine Industry Committee of the IEEE Industry Applic
31、ations Society. H. R. Stewart, Chair David N. Bishop, Vice Chair Sue Vogel, Secretary The following members of the balloting committee voted on this standard. Balloters may have voted for approval, disapproval, or abstention. Edward Aberbach Chris Adams Alf Kare Adnanes Chuck Barlow Scott Barnes Dav
32、id N. Bishop Rudy Bright David B. Burns Jerry A. Cincotta William Colavecchio Richard J. Collins Walter Constantine Harry Conte James Cospolich John Croston Warren Cully Charles A. Darnell Donald Davis Brian S. Ensign Ronald Essigmann Thomas Feil Jeffrey J. Gleason Joan Grande-Butera Thomas Guida Ja
33、mes Hail Leonard Haim Marcelo Hirschler Erik Hoffmann George F. Hull III Mohammed Islam William Jones Henning Karlsen Philip Laudicina George Mahl Michal Maier Thomas Martin Per Martinsen Michael Mayfield Gerard Maz David C. ODonnell Robert Philibert Dieter Popoff David T. Dunn Nancy Robinson Frank
34、H. Rocchio Dan Rodriguez John Rosata James A. Ruggieri Gary L. Savage Brian P. Sharman David R. Stewart H. R. Stewart Francis Stone Frank Vasser Donald A. Voltz Larry A. Wilkerson John E. Winbery Ed Aberbach Chris Adams Alf Kare Adnanes Paul Anderson Scott Barnes David N. Bishop Frederick Bried Rudy
35、 Bright Robert Brown Dave Burns Walter Constantine James Cospolich Guru Dutt Dhingra James Daly Charles A. Darnell Donald Davis Frank DeWinter Marcus O. Durham Ronald Essigmann Travis Griffith Leonard Haim Paul Hamer Marcelo Hirschler Richard Hulett Mohammed Islam Ben Johnson William Jones Stephen H
36、. Kerr Royce King Philip Laudicina Michal Maier Wayne Madden George Mahl John Malinowski David ODonnell Lorraine Padden Gene Pecora Robert Philibert Dieter Popoff Frank H. Rocchio James A. Ruggieri Chet Sandberg Vincent Saporita David R. Stewart H. R. Stewart Francis Stone Frank Vasser Donald Voltz
37、William D. Wilkens John E Winberry vCopyright 2002 IEEE. All rights reserved. When the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this standard on 12 September 2002, it had the following membership: James T. Carlo, Chair James H. Gurney, Vice Chair Judith Gorman, Secretary *Member Emeritus Also included is th
38、e following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaison: Alan Cookson, NIST Representative Satish K. Aggarwal, NRC Representative Don Messina IEEE Standards Project Editor Sid Bennett H. Stephen Berger Clyde R. Camp Richard DeBlasio Harold E. Epstein Julian Forster* Howard M. Frazier Toshio Fukuda Arn
39、old M. Greenspan Raymond Hapeman Donald M. Heirman Richard H. Hulett Lowell G. Johnson Joseph L. Koepfinger* Peter H. Lips Nader Mehravari Daleep C. Mohla William J. Moylan Malcolm V. Thaden Geoffrey O. Thompson Howard L. Wolfman Don Wright -,-,- viCopyright 2002 IEEE. All rights reserved. Contents
40、1.Overview. 1 1.1Scope 1 1.2Purpose. 1 1.3Vessel classification . 1 1.4Documentation . 2 1.5Environmental conditions. 3 1.6Equipment construction, testing, and certification. 4 1.7Application of various national and international standards 4 1.8Materials. 4 1.9Brittle material 5 2.References 5 3.Def
41、initions 9 3.1General 9 3.2Cable installation 12 3.3Generators. 12 3.4Motors. 13 3.5Converters. 15 3.6Rotating machine ventilation 15 3.7Equipment enclosures. 16 3.8Control apparatus and switchgear. 17 3.9Insulation system 19 3.10Types of circuits and terms. 19 3.11Automatic or centralized control s
42、ystems 21 4.Power system characteristics 22 4.1Standard systems 22 4.2Standard voltages 22 4.3Standard frequency. 22 4.4Selection of voltage and system type . 22 4.5AC power system characteristics 23 4.6Power quality and harmonics . 27 5.Power system design 27 5.1General 27 5.2Circuit elements 32 5.
43、3Shore power 32 5.4Demand factors. 32 5.5Voltage drop. 33 5.6Lighting distribution. 33 5.7Distribution for power equipment 35 5.8Branch circuits 35 5.9System protection. 37 5.10Lightning protection. 48 -,-,- Copyright 2002 IEEE. All rights reserved.vii 6.Emergency power systems . 49 6.1General 49 6.
44、2Emergency generators 49 6.3Emergency storage battery . 50 6.4Emergency power distribution system . 51 6.5Emergency switchboard configuration. 52 6.6Temporary emergency power. 52 6.7Temporary emergency circuits. 53 6.8Final emergency circuits. 53 6.9Time factor for supply of emergency power:. 54 6.1
45、0Cargo vessels 54 6.11Passenger vessels (ocean and coastwise) 55 6.12Passenger vessels (coastal and inland waters) 55 6.13Passenger vessels (other) 55 6.14Passenger vessels with RO-RO (roll on-roll off) cargo spaces 55 6.15Passenger vessels without an independent emergency source of power 56 7.Elect
46、ric power generation. 56 7.1General 56 7.2Installation and location 56 7.3Prime movers 57 7.4Generators. 61 7.5Generator metering and protectiongeneral. 67 7.6Minimum equipment for ac generator switchboard . 69 8.Switchboards 71 8.1Switchboard arrangement criteria. 71 8.2Installation and location 72
47、 8.3Low-voltage switchboards (600 V ac and less for ANSI; 1000 V ac and less for IEC)description and requirements 74 8.4Medium-voltage switchboards (0.60138.0 kV ac for ANSI and 1.0135.0 kV ac for IEC)description and requirements 75 8.5Switchboardsapplication requirements. 76 8.6Circuit breakersappl
48、ication. 77 8.7Temperatures 77 8.8Arrangement of switchboard equipment 77 8.9Overload and short-circuit protection. 78 8.10Switchboard phase and ground bus 79 8.11Terminations. 80 8.12Wire and conductor terminal lugs 80 8.13Nameplates . 81 8.14Switchboard testing 81 9.Control systems 81 9.1General 8
49、1 9.2Documentation 82 9.3Control system designgeneral. 83 9.4Control system equipment location 83 9.5Machinery control. 84 9.6System design characteristics . 86 -,-,- Copyright 2002 IEEE. All rights reserved.viii 9.7Control system power supply. 86 9.8Continuity of power 86 9.9Communication systems. 86 9.10Alarms 87 9.11Control cabling. 88 9.12Control p