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1、 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION IEC TS 62257-7-1 First edition 2006-12 Recommendations for small renewable energy and hybrid systems for rural electrification Part 7-1: Generators Photovoltaic arrays Reference number IEC/TS 62257-7-1:2006(E) Publication numbering As from 1 January 1997 all IEC publications
2、 are issued with a designation in the 60000 series. For example, IEC 34-1 is now referred to as IEC 60034-1. Consolidated editions The IEC is now publishing consolidated versions of its publications. For example, edition numbers 1.0, 1.1 and 1.2 refer, respectively, to the base publication, the base
3、 publication incorporating amendment 1 and the base publication incorporating amendments 1 and 2. Further information on IEC publications The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC, thus ensuring that the content reflects current technology. Information relati
4、ng to this publication, including its validity, is available in the IEC Catalogue of publications (see below) in addition to new editions, amendments and corrigenda. Information on the subjects under consideration and work in progress undertaken by the technical committee which has prepared this pub
5、lication, as well as the list of publications issued, is also available from the following: IEC Web Site (www.iec.ch) Catalogue of IEC publications The on-line catalogue on the IEC web site (www.iec.ch/searchpub) enables you to search by a variety of criteria including text searches, technical commi
6、ttees and date of publication. On-line information is also available on recently issued publications, withdrawn and replaced publications, as well as corrigenda. IEC Just Published This summary of recently issued publications (www.iec.ch/online_news/ justpub) is also available by email. Please conta
7、ct the Customer Service Centre (see below) for further information. Customer Service Centre If you have any questions regarding this publication or need further assistance, please contact the Customer Service Centre: Email: custserviec.ch Tel: +41 22 919 02 11 Fax: +41 22 919 03 00 -,-,- TECHNICAL S
8、PECIFICATION IEC TS 62257-7-1 First edition 2006-12 Recommendations for small renewable energy and hybrid systems for rural electrification Part 7-1: Generators Photovoltaic arrays PRICE CODE IEC 2006 Copyright - all rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any fo
9、rm or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher. International Electrotechnical Commission, 3, rue de Varemb, PO Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland Telephone: +41 22 919 02 11 Telefax: +41 22 919 03 00 E-mail:
10、inmailiec.ch Web: www.iec.ch Commission Electrotechnique Internationale International Electrotechnical Commission For price, see current catalogue XC 2 TS 62257-7-1 IEC:2006(E) CONTENTS FOREWORD.4 INTRODUCTION.6 1 Scope.7 2 Normative references .8 3 Terms and definitions .9 4 Design15 4.1 Electrical
11、 design15 4.2 Mechanical design.27 5 Safety issues28 5.1 General.28 5.2 Protection against electric shock and fire 28 5.3 Protection against overcurrent.28 5.4 Protection against effects of lightning and over-voltage .31 6 Selection and erection of electrical equipment32 6.1 Component requirements 3
12、2 6.2 Location and installation requirements 36 7 Acceptance 43 7.1 General.43 7.2 Conformance with system general specification.43 7.3 Wiring and installation integrity43 7.4 Open circuit voltage 43 7.5 Open circuit voltage measurements for large PV arrays 44 7.6 Short circuit current measurements
13、.45 7.7 Commissioning records .46 8 Operation/maintenance 47 8.1 General.47 8.2 Safety .47 8.3 Operation and maintenance procedures 47 9 Replacement 47 10 Marking and documentation48 10.1 Equipment marking48 10.2 Requirements for signs48 10.3 Labelling of PV array and PV sub-array junction boxes48 1
14、0.4 Labelling of disconnection devices 48 10.5 Fire emergency information signs48 10.6 Documentation 49 Annex A (informative) Examples of commissioning records50 Annex B (informative) Example of maintenance schedule 53 Annex C (informative) Replacement.55 Annex D (informative) Examples of signs.56 A
15、nnex E (informative) Case studies .57 Annex F (informative) Double switching in PV array.72 -,-,- TS 62257-7-1 IEC:2006(E) 3 Figure 1 General functional configuration of a PV powered system 15 Figure 2a Unearthed PV array and unearthed d.c. load application circuit.17 Figure 2b Unearthed PV array an
16、d earthed d.c. load application circuit.17 Figure 2c Unearthed PV array connected to a.c. loads via an isolated PCU application circuit18 Figure 2d Unearthed PV array connected to a.c. loads via a non-isolated PCU application circuit18 Figure 2e Earthed PV array and unearthed d.c. load application c
17、ircuit.18 Figure 2f Earthed PV array and earthed d.c. load application circuit19 Figure 2g Earthed PV array connected to a.c. loads via an isolated PCU application circuit19 Figure 2h Centre-tapped earthed PV array connected to a.c. loads via an isolated PCU application circuit19 Figure 2i Earthed P
18、V array connected to a.c. loads via a non-isolated PCU application circuit19 Figure 2 PV system earthing configurations .19 Figure 3 PV array exposed-conductive parts earthing decision tree .20 Figure 4 Unearthed PV array and d.c. loads configuration21 Figure 5 PV array diagram single string case 22
19、 Figure 6 PV array diagram multi-string case23 Figure 7 PV array diagram multi-string case with array divided into sub-arrays .24 Figure 8 Blocking diode implementation (example) 36 Figure 9 PV string wiring with minimum loop area 41 Figure D.1 Example of sign required on PV array junction box (10.3
20、).56 Figure D.2 Example of sign required adjacent to PV array main switch (10.4.2.) 56 Figure D.3 Example of fire emergency information sign required in main building switchboard (10.5.1) .56 Figure F.1 Floating PV array operating at maximum power point73 Figure F.2 Floating PV array with single ear
21、th fault74 Figure F.3 Floating PV array with double earth fault.75 Figure F.4 Floating PV array with double earth fault.76 Table 1 Voltage domains for PV arrays 7 Table 2 PV system earthing configurations 16 Table 3 Number of parallel strings without overcurrent protection, nP29 Table 4 Requirements
22、 for location of overcurrent protective devices according to the earth configuration30 Table 5 Current rating of PV array circuits .34 Table 6 Disconnecting means requirements in PV array installations .37 Table 7 Location of disconnection devices according to system configuration, where required 37
23、 Table E.1 Case studies overview list57 -,-,- 4 TS 62257-7-1 IEC:2006(E) INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SMALL RENEWABLE ENERGY AND HYBRID SYSTEMS FOR RURAL ELECTRIFICATION Part 7-1: Generators Photovoltaic arrays FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commiss
24、ion (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in
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32、er damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications. 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication.
33、Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such paten
34、t rights. The main task of IEC technical committees is to prepare International Standards. In exceptional circumstances, a technical committee may propose the publication of a technical specification when the required support cannot be obtained for the publication of an International Standard, despi
35、te repeated efforts, or the subject is still under technical development or where, for any other reason, there is the future but no immediate possibility of an agreement on an International Standard. Technical specifications are subject to review within three years of publication to decide whether t
36、hey can be transformed into International Standards. IEC 62257-7-1, which is a technical specification, has been prepared by IEC technical committee 82: Solar photovoltaic energy systems. This first edition of IEC 62257-7-1 is based on IEC/PAS 62111 (1999); it cancels and replaces the relevant parts
37、 of IEC/PAS 62111. -,-,- TS 62257-7-1 IEC:2006(E) 5 The text of this technical specification is based on the following documents: Enquiry draft Report on voting 82/406A/DTS 82/446/RVC Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical specification can be found in the report on voting
38、 indicated in the above table. This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. A list of all parts of the IEC 62257 series, published under the general title, Recommendations for small renewable energy and hybrid systems for rural electrification can be found on
39、the IEC website. The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be reconfirmed, wit
40、hdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended. A bilingual edition of this document may be issued at a later date. -,-,- 6 TS 62257-7-1 IEC:2006(E) INTRODUCTION The IEC 62257 series of publications intends to provide to different players involved in rural electrification projects (such as projec
41、t implementers, project contractors, project supervisors, installers, etc.) documents for the setting-up of renewable energy and hybrid systems with a.c. voltage below 500 V, d.c. voltage below 750 V and power below 100 kVA. These publications provide recommendations for choosing the right system fo
42、r the right place; designing the system; operating and maintaining the system. These publications are focused only on rural electrification concentrated in, but not specific to, developing countries. They must not be considered as all-inclusive of rural electrification. The publications try to promo
43、te the use of renewable energies in rural electrification. They do not deal with clean mechanism developments at this time (CO2 emission, carbon credit, etc.). Further developments in this field could be introduced in future steps. This consistent set of publications is best considered as a whole, w
44、ith different parts corresponding to items for the safety and sustainability of systems at the lowest possible life- cycle cost. One of the main objectives of the series is to provide the minimum sufficient requirements relevant to the field of application, i.e. for small renewable energy and hybrid
45、 off-grid systems. The purpose of this part of IEC 62257 is to propose a framework for project development and management and it includes recommended information that must be taken into consideration during all the steps of the electrification project. -,-,- TS 62257-7-1 IEC:2006(E) 7 RECOMMENDATION
46、S FOR SMALL RENEWABLE ENERGY AND HYBRID SYSTEMS FOR RURAL ELECTRIFICATION Part 7-1: Generators Photovoltaic arrays 1 Scope This part of IEC 62257 specifies the general requirements for erection and operation of PV arrays in decentralized rural electrification systems. This technical specification co
47、ntains requirements for ELV and LV PV arrays (see Table 1). Particular attention must be paid to voltage level, as this is important for safety reasons and has an influence on protective measures and on the skill and ability level of people operating the systems. Table 1 Voltage domains for PV array
48、s Voltage domain Voltage (volts) Alternating current Smoothed direct current ELV Un 50 V Uoc 120 V LV 50 V 1,3 VOC STC GEN b) maximum discharge current (Imax): Imax 5 kA c) voltage protection level (Up): UC 20 strings) where the environmental conditions may change significantly during measurements is given in Appendix G. 7.5 Open circuit voltage measurements for large PV arrays 7.5.1 General This procedure is a guide