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1、Copyright 1998 IEEE All Rights Reserved1 IEEE Std 665-1995 (R2001) (Revision of IEEE Std 665-1987) IEEE Guide for Generating Station Grounding Sponsor Energy Development and Power Committee of the IEEE Power Engineering Society Approved September 21, 1995 Reaffirmed March 17, 2001 IEEE Standards Boa
2、rd Abstract: Grounding practices that have generally been accepted by the electric utility industry as contributing to effective grounding systems for personnel safety and equipment protection in generating stations are identified. A guide for the design of generating station grounding systems and f
3、or grounding practices applied to generating station indoor and outdoor structures and equipment, including the interconnection of the station and substation grounding systems, is provided. Keywords: electric utilities, generating stations, grounding, grounding systems, personnel safety, substation
4、grounding systems The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 345 East 47th Street, New York, NY 10017-2394, USA Copyright 1996 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved. Published 1996. Printed in the United States of America. ISBN 1-55937-56
5、7-1 No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=IHS Employees/11
6、11111001, User=Japan, IHS Not for Resale, 12/17/2007 18:51:39 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- IEEE Standards documents are developed within the Technical Committees of the IEEE Societies and the Standards Coordinating Committees of the IEEE Standards Board.
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18、conducting inquiries into the legal validity or scope of those patents that are brought to its attention. Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Japan, IHS Not for Resale, 12/17/2007 18:51:3
19、9 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- iii Introduction (This introduction is not part of IEEE Std 665-1995, IEEE Guide for Generating Station Grounding.) This guide is intended to complement the recommendations and information presented in existing grounding pra
20、ctices for industrial and commercial power systems (IEEE Std 142-1991, IEEE Recommended Practice for Grounding of Industrial and Commercial Power Systems), substations (IEEE Std 80-1986, IEEE Guide for Safety in AC Substation Grounding), and measurements (IEEE Std 81.2-1991, IEEE Guide for Measur- m
21、ent of Impedance and Safety Characteristics of Large, Extended or Interconnected Grounding Systems), while drawing particular attention to specic requirements for generating stations. This guide was prepared by a Task Force of the Grounding Practices Working Group. The working group is part of the S
22、tation Design Subcommittee and was sponsored by the Energy Development and Power Gener- ation Committee of the IEEE Power Engineering Society. Comments were also solicited from the following groups: National Electric Safety Code Committee Power System Communications Committee Power System Instrument
23、ation and Measurements Committee Power System Relaying Committee Transmission and Distribution Committee Surge Protective Devices Committee Substation Committee Industry Applications Society Edison Electric Institute At the time that the document was approved the members of the Task Force were Malco
24、lm V. Thaden, Chair B. W. Crowly, Secretary A. BengeL. A. D. GrantS. A. Nikolakakos L. E. DurhamJ. R. JancauskasDerek M. Sawyer J. GardellJ. KruusG. L. Vaughn R. Kyle The following persons were on the balloting committee: Steven R. Brockschink Gary Engmann W. W. Fields James H. Gurney Thomas J. Hamm
25、ons Robert D. Handel T. A. Higgins James H. Jones David L. Kornegay P. R. H. Landrieu Gregory L. Luri O. P. Malik Omar S. Mazzoni Donald R. McCabe Gary D. Osburn Charles R. Pope Bradford M. Radimer Greg Rahman Derek M. Sawyer Ken H. Sebra James E. Stoner, Jr. Malcolm V. Thaden Edward T. Voelker Copy
26、right The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Japan, IHS Not for Resale, 12/17/2007 18:51:39 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- iv When the IEEE Standards Board a
27、pproved this standard on September 21, 1995, it had the following membership: E. G. Al Kiener, Chair Donald C. Loughry, Vice Chair Andrew G. Salem, Secretary *Member Emeritus Also included are the following nonvoting IEEE Standards Board liaisons: Satish K. Aggarwal Richard B. Engelman Robert E. Heb
28、ner Chester C. Taylor Mary Lynne Nielsen IEEE Standards Project Editor National Electrical Safety Code is a registered trademark and service mark of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Gilles A. Baril Clyde R. Camp Joseph A. Cannatelli Stephen L. Diamond Harold E. Epstein Don
29、ald C. Fleckenstein Jay Forster* Donald N. Heirman Richard J. Holleman Jim Isaak Ben C. Johnson Sonny Kasturi Lorraine C. Kevra Ivor N. Knight Joseph L. Koepnger* D. N. Jim Logothetis L. Bruce McClung Marco W. Migliaro Mary Lou Padgett John W. Pope Arthur K. Reilly Gary S. Robinson Ingo Rusch Chee K
30、iow Tan Leonard L. Tripp Howard L. Wolfman Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Japan, IHS Not for Resale, 12/17/2007 18:51:39 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license fr
31、om IHS -,-,- v Contents CLAUSEPAGE 1.Overview 1 2.References 1 3.Definitions 3 4.Design objectives. 4 4.1 Neutral ground, equipment ground, and safety ground . 4 4.2 Station grounding system. 4 4.3 Preventing the transfer of high ground voltages 5 4.4 Design objectives. 5 5.Detailed design considera
32、tions 6 5.1 Grounding principles . 6 5.2 Ground grid design 6 5.3 Generator and isolated phase bus grounding. 19 5.4 Grounding of buildings, fences, and structures . 23 5.5 Grounding of generating station auxiliaries. 25 5.6 Lightning protection for generating station structures. 33 5.7 Grounding of
33、 buried structures 38 5.8 Sizing of grounding conductors. 42 6.Bibliography 45 ANNEXES Annex ADetermination of the k factor. 47 Annex BCorrosion 49 B.1Corrosion 49 Annex CDivision of current for small interior grids 50 C.1Purpose. 50 C.2Calculation. 50 C.3Summary of results 53 Copyright The Institut
34、e of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Japan, IHS Not for Resale, 12/17/2007 18:51:39 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronic
35、s Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Japan, IHS Not for Resale, 12/17/2007 18:51:39 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 1 IEEE Guide for Generating Station Grounding 1. Overview This guide was developed
36、 to identify grounding practices that have generally been accepted by the electric utility industry as contributing to effective grounding systems for personnel safety and equipment protection in generating stations. It provides a guide for the design of generating station grounding systems and for
37、grounding practices applied to generating station indoor and outdoor structures and equipment, including the interconnection of the station and substation grounding systems. Guidance for the grounding of control and instrumentation equipment in generating stations can be found in IEEE Std 1050-1989.
38、 1 Generating station grounding designs are complicated by considerations such as physically large outdoor areas with multiple buildings and associated transfer voltages, grounding effects of buried infrastructure, rotating electrical apparatus, large indoor areas, auxiliary systems with multiple vo
39、ltage levels, and the need for increasingly clean signal ground sources for control systems. This guide has been developed in recog- nition that the complexities of generating stations are such that the generally accepted techniques and pro- grams for the design of electrical substation grounding sy
40、stems for safety may not address all of the issues. While these complexities may be suitably analyzed with the computerized methods that are available, this guide presents a manual calculation method based on the principles presented in IEEE Std 80-1986. It is not intended that this document provide
41、 grounding test methods or quantitative analysis of the effects of lightning surges. This document should not be interpreted as requiring any specic design for a particular installation; instead, it is a guide to the process and special techniques that the designer should recognize and consider. The
42、 necessary supporting detail is to be found in other relevant standards and documents; these are referenced in the text where appropriate. 2. References This guide should be used in conjunction with the following publications. When the following publications are superseded by an approved revision, t
43、he revision shall apply. ANSI C2-1993, National Electrical Safety Code . 2 1 Information on references can be found in clause 2. 2 The NESC is available from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 445 Hoes Lane, P.O. Box 1331, Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331, USA. Copyright The Institute o
44、f Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Japan, IHS Not for Resale, 12/17/2007 18:51:39 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- IEEE Std 665-1995IEEE GUIDE FOR 2 IEEE Std C37.101-1993
45、, IEEE Guide for Generator Ground Protection (ANSI). 3 IEEE Std C62.92-1987 (Reaff 1993), IEEE Guide for the Application of Neutral Grounding in Electrical Utility Systems, Part IIntroduction (ANSI). IEEE Std C62.92.2-1989, IEEE Guide for the Application of Neutral Grounding in Electrical Utility Sy
46、s- tems, Part IIGrounding of Synchronous Generator Systems (ANSI). IEEE Std C62.92.3-1993, IEEE Guide for the Application of Neutral Grounding in Electrical Utility Sys- tems, Part IIIGenerator Auxiliary Systems. IEEE Std C62.92.4-1991, IEEE Guide for the Application of Neutral Grounding in Electric
47、al Utility Sys- tems, Part IVDistribution (ANSI). IEEE Std C62.92.5-1992, IEEE Guide for the Application of Neutral Grounding in Electrical Utility Sys- tems, Part VTransmission Systems and Subtransmission Systems (ANSI). IEEE Std 80-1986 (Reaff 1991), IEEE Guide for Safety in AC Substation Groundin
48、g (ANSI). IEEE Std 81-1983, IEEE Guide for Measuring Earth Resistivity, Ground Impedance, and Earth Surface Potentials of a Ground System (Part 1). IEEE Std 81.2-1991, IEEE Guide for Measurement of Impedance and Safety Characteristics of Large, Extended or Interconnected Grounding Systems (ANSI). IEEE Std 100-1992, The New IEEE Standard Dictionary of Electrical and Electronics Terms (ANSI). IEEE Std 142-1991, IEEE Recommended Practice for Grounding of Industrial and Commercial Power Sys- tems (IEEE Green Book) (ANSI). IEEE Std 487-1992, IEEE Recommende