《IEEE-N323-1978-R1993.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《IEEE-N323-1978-R1993.pdf（21页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、F- 13-03 N323-78 ANSI N323-1978 radiation protection instrumentation test and calibration Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=OConnor, Maurice Not for Resale, 04/28/2007 23:25:41 MDTNo re
2、production or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ANSI N323-1978 American National Standard Radiation Protection Instrumentation Test and Calibration Secretariat for N13 Health Physics Society Secretariat for N42 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc Approved Septemb
3、er 13, 1977 American National Standards Institute Published by The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc 345 East 47th Street, New York, NY 10017 Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=IHS Employees/11111
4、11001, User=OConnor, Maurice Not for Resale, 04/28/2007 23:25:41 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- “ N323-78 “ 1 4805702 0027433 h- r American National Standard An American National Standard implies a consensus of those sub- stantially concerned with its scope
5、 and provisions. An American National Standard is intended as a guide to ,aid the manufacturer, the consumer, and the general public. The existence of an American National Standard does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved the standard or not, from manufacturing, marketing, pu
6、rchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standard. American National Standards are subject to periodic review and users are cautioned to obtain the latest editions. CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedu
7、res of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard no later than five years from the date of publication. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the Ame
8、rican National Standards Institute. O Copyright 1978 by The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. a No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Copyright The Instit
9、ute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=OConnor, Maurice Not for Resale, 04/28/2007 23:25:41 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- - N323-78 14805702 0027414 B I Foreword (Thi
10、s Foreword is not a part of American National Standard Radiation Protection Instrumentation Test and Cali- bration, ANSI N323-1978.) The American National Standards Institute Joint Subcommittee N13/42 which was responsible for the development of this standard was established by authority of the Chai
11、rman of American National Standards Institute Committees N13 and N42 to represent the interests of the respec- tive parent committees. The Joint Subcommittee comprises manufacturer and user membership in about equal numbers. The ANSI Committee on Radiation Protection, N13, and Instrumentation, N42,
12、which reviewed and approved this standard, had the following representatives at the time of approval: American National Standards Institute Committee N13 M. E. Wrenn, Chairman Organization Represented American Chemical Society. . American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. . . . . . .
13、 . . . . . . . . . American Health Physics Society American Industrial Hygiene Association. American Insurance Association. American Mutual Insurance Alliance. . American Nuclear Society. American Public Health Association American Society for Testing and Materials . American Society of Mechanical E
14、ngineers. . Association of State and Territorial Health Officers Atomic Industrial Forum . Electric Light and Power Group. Industrial Medical Association Institute of Nuclear Materials Management. . International Association of Government Labor Officials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Internati
15、onal Brotherhood of Electrical Workers Manufacturing Chemists Association, Inc. National Bureau of Standards National Safety Council Underwriters Laboratories, Inc Uranium Operators Association. US Atomic Energy Commission. US Department of Labor . US Public Health Service. . Individual Members. J.
16、Sohngen, Secretary Name of Representative Ira B. Whitney D. E. Van Farowe J. J. Cherubin Wilbur Speicher Harry W. Rapp, Jr William J. Uber James E. McLaughlin Simon Kinsman L. B. Gardner H. J. Larson G. D. Carlyle Thompson G. Edwin Brown, Jr Marvin Sullivan Thomas Ray Ken Okolowitz Morris Kleinfeld
17、Edward J. Legan P. W. McDaniel Robert Loevinger Hugh F. Henry Leonard H. Horn L. W. Swent Edward J. Vallario John P. ONeill John Villforth Merril Eisenbud Donald Fleckenstein John W. Healy Duncan A. Holaday Remus G. McAllister American National Standards Committee N42 Louis Costrell, Chairman D. C.
18、Cook, Secretary Organization Represented American Chemical Society. . American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . American Industrial Hygiene Association. American Nuclear Society. American Society of Mechanical Engineers. . American Society of Safety Eng
19、ineers. Atomic Industrial Forum . Name and Business Affiliation Vacant Jesse Lieberman Department of Public Health W. H. Ray? US Energy Research and Frank W. Manning Oak Ridge National Labora- P. E. Greenwood Newport News Shipbuilding Vacant Vacant Development Administration tory and Drydock Co. +De
20、ceased Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=OConnor, Maurice Not for Resale, 04/28/2007 23:25:41 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- N323-78 Organizat
21、ion Represented Health Physics Society. Alternate Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Alternate . Alternate . Alternate. . Instrument Society of America . Alternate. Manufacturing Chemists Association. . National Electrical Manufacturers Association. . Oak Ridge National Laboratory . A
22、lternate . Scientific Apparatus Makers Association . US Department of the Army, Materiel Command . US Defense Civil Preparedness Agency. US Department of Commerce National Bureau of Standards US Energy Research and Development Administration Division of Biomedical and Environmental Research US Naval
23、 Research Laboratory. . Individual Members . Name and Business Affiliation Dr. J. B. Horner Kuper Brookhaven National Labora- Robert L. Butenhoff US Energy Research and De- velopment Administration Louis Costrell National Bureau of Standards J. Forster General Electric Company David C. Cook Naval Re
24、search Laboratory A. J. Spurgin General Atomic Company tory M. T. Slind Atlantic Richfield Hanford “ Company J. Kaveckis United Nuclear Industries, Inc Vacant (A. C. Clark, MCA, for in- formation) Theodore Hamburger Westinghouse Electric Corpo- Frank W. Manning Oak Ridge National Labora- ration tory
25、 D. J. Knowles Oak Ridge National Labora- tory Robert Breen The Foxboro Company Abrahan E. Cohen US Army Electronics Com- Carl R. Siebentritt, Jr US Defense Civil Prepared- ness Agency Louis Costrell National Bureau of Standards Hodge R. Wasson US Development Research mand and Development Adminis- t
26、ration D. C. Cook U.S. Naval Research Labora- J. C. Bellian Bircon Corporation . O. W. Bilharz General Electric Company John M. Gallagher, Jr Westinghouse Electric Cor- S. H, Hanauer US Nuclear Regulatory Com- Walter C. Lipinski Argonne National Laboratory Vos A. Moore US Nuclear Regulatory Com- mis
27、sion R. F. Shea Consultant E. J. Vallario US Energy Research and De- velopment Administration tory poration mission Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=OConnor, Maurice Not for Resale, 04
28、/28/2007 23:25:41 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- N323-78 This standard was prepared under the direction of the joint ANSI Subcommittee N13/N42, Radia- tion Protection Instrumentation, which had the following membership at the time of approval: Edward J. Val
29、lario, Chairman E. Bemis R. L. Kathren V. T. Chilson W. R. Klein A. Cohen T. P. Loftus John Dempsey H. W. Patterson E. E. Goodale H. J. L. Rechen J. D. Henderson C. R. Siebentritt, Jr H. R. Wasson The working group responsible for the preparation of this standard consisted of the following personnel
30、: J. M. Selby, Chairman R. Beard R. L. Kathren H. V. Larson T. P. Loftus W. H. Ray$ A. R. Smith $Deceased Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=OConnor, Maurice Not for Resale, 04/28/2007 2
31、3:25:41 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- N323-78 4805702 0027427 3 1 Contents SECTION PAGE 1 . Scope . 9 3 . GeneralDiscussion . 10 4.1 Precalibration . 11 4.2 PrimaryCalibration . 11 4.3 Calibration for Special Conditions 12 4.4 Discrimination Against Unwant
32、ed Radiation 12 4.7 Calibration and Performance Test Frequency 1 13 5 . Calibration Equipment Required 13 5.1 Calibration Standards . 13 5.2 Calibration Assemblies 14 5.3 Standard Instruments .14 5.4 CheckSources . 14 6 . Maintenance of Quality of Calibration 14 6.1 Radiation Field 14 6.2 Calibratio
33、n Facility . 15 6.3 Other 15 7 . References . 15 2 . Definitions . 9 4 . Inspection, Calibration, and Performance Test Requirements 1 1 . 4.5 Calibration Records 13 4.6 Periodic Performance Test 13 APPENDIX Appendix . Radiation Sources for Instrument Calibration 17 A l . Electromagnetic Radiation .
34、17 A2 . Beta Radiation 18 A3 . AlphaRadiation . 18 A5 . Facilities for Radiation Instrument Calibration Laboratories . 21 . A4 . Neutron Radiation 20 A6 . AppendixReferences . 21 TABLES Table Al Photon Emitting Radionuclides Suitable for Calibration for Instrument Calibration . 18 Table A2 Beta Radi
35、ation Sources for Instrument Calibration 19 Table A3 Alpha Radiation Sources for Instrument Calibration . 19 Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=OConnor, Maurice Not for Resale, 04/28/200
36、7 23:25:41 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- American National Standard Radiation Protection Instrumentation Test and Calibration 1. Scope N1.1-1976 l ,l and ICRU Report 20 Z. The following terms are defined specifically This standard establishes calibration m
37、ethods for use within this standard. for portable radiation protection instruments used for detection and measurement of levels of ionizing radiation fields or levels of radio- active surface contamination. For purposes of this standard, portable radiation protection in- struments are those which ar
38、e carried by hand to a specific facility or location for use. Al- though this standard is specific to portable radiation protection instrumentation, the basic calibration principles may be applicable to radiation detection instrumentation in gen- eral. Included within the scope of this standard are
39、conditions, equipment, and techniques for calibration as well as the degree of precision and accuracy required. Alpha, beta, photon, and neutron radiations are considered. Passive integrating dosimetric devices such as film, thermoluminescent, and chemical dosimeters are outside the scope of this st
40、andard, but the basic principles and intent may apply. In cases where integrating capability is included along with rate measurement or detection, this stan- dard shall apply. Throughout these criteria, four verbs have been used to indicate the degree of rigor in- tended by the specific criterion. “
41、Shall” and “will” indicate a minimum criterion that must be met, while “should” and “would” indicate a criterion that is recommended as good prac- tice and is to be applied when practical. 2. Definitions Technical terminology used in this standard is generally consistent with the definitions in the
42、American National Standard Glossary of Terms in Nuclear Sciences and Technology, accuracy. The degree of agreement of the ob- served value with the true or correct value of the quantity being measured. calibrate. To determine (1) the response or reading of an instrument relative to a series of known
43、 radiation values over the range of the instrument or (2) the strength of a radiation source relative to a standard. check source. A radioactive source, not neces- sarily calibrated, which is used to confirm the continuing satisfactory operation of an instru- ment. decade. Synonymous with power of t
44、en. detection limit. The extreme of detection or quantification for the radiation of interest by the instrument as a whole or an individual readout scale. The lower detection limit is the minimum quantifiable instrument response or reading. The upper detection limit is the maximum quantifiable instr
45、ument response or reading. detector. A device or component which pro- duces an electronically measurable quantity in response to ionizing radiation. effective center. The point within a detector that produces, for a given set of irradiation conditions, an instrument response equivalent to that which
46、 would be produced if the entire detector were located at the point. energy dependence. A change in instrument response with respect to radiation energy for a constant exposure or exposure rate. lNumbers in brackets refer to those of the references in Section 7 of this standard. 9 Copyright The Inst
47、itute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=OConnor, Maurice Not for Resale, 04/28/2007 23:25:41 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ANSI N323-1978 extracameral. Pertaining to
48、 that portion of the instrument exclusive-of the detector. geotropism. A change in instrument response with a change in instrument orientation as a result of gravitational effects. instrument. A complete system designed to quanitify one or more particular ionizing radi- ation or radiations. overload. Response of less than full scale (that is, maximum scale reading) when exposed to radiation intensities greater than the upper de- tectionlimit. photon. A quantum of electromagnetic radia- tion irrespective of origin. rang