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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 5691-1: 1995 IEC 216-1: 1990 Guide for the determination of thermal endurance properties of electrical insulating materials Part 1: General guidelines for ageing procedures and evaluation of test results (Implementation of CENELEC HD 611.1 S1:1992) UDC 621.315.61:620.193.94 Licen
2、sed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Dec 01 14:54:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5691-1:1995 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Electrotechnical Sector Board, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on
3、 15 November 1995 BSI 08-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference GEL/15/2 Special announcement in BSI News, April 1995 ISBN 0 580 24564 0 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by Tech
4、nical Committee GEL/15, Insulating material, to Subcommittee GEL/15/2, Endurance tests, upon which the following bodies were represented: AEA Technology Adhesive Tape Manufacturers Association Association of Manufacturers of Domestic Electrical Appliances British Cable Makers Confederation ERA Techn
5、ology Ltd. University of Manchester Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Dec 01 14:54:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5691-1:1995 BSI 08-1999i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover National foreword
6、ii Foreword2 Introduction3 Section 1. General 1Scope3 2General considerations3 3Principles of evaluation and definitions4 4Selection of test procedures General guidelines5 Section 2. Experimental procedures 5Selection of end-points5 6Preparation of test specimens5 7Establishment of initial property
7、value and number of test specimens6 8Exposure temperatures and times7 9Ageing ovens8 10Environmental conditioning8 11Procedure8 Section 3. Evaluation 12Analysis of test results and determination of thermal endurance characteristics10 13Treatment and presentation of test data which fail to satisfy th
8、e statistical requirements12 14Test report12 Appendix A Notes on mechanisms of thermal degradation17 Appendix B The halving interval17 Appendix C Dispersion and non-linearity17 Appendix D The thermal endurance profile (TEP)18 Annex ZA (normative) Other international publications quoted in this stand
9、ard with the references of the relevant European publications19 Figure 1 Determination of the time to reach the end-point criterion at each temperature. Property variation14 Figure 2 Thermal endurance graph. T1: Temperature index. HIC: Halving interval15 Figure 3 Thermal endurance graph. RTI: Relati
10、ve temperature index. HIC(A): Halving interval16 Table I Suggested exposure temperatures and times13 List of referencesInside back cover Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Dec 01 14:54:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5691-1:1995 ii BSI 08-1999 National foreword This Par
11、t of BS 5691 has been prepared by Subcommittee GEL/15/2. It implements Harmonization Document HD 611.1 S1 which was published by the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization (CENELEC). It is identical with IEC 216-1:1990 Guide for the determination of thermal endurance properties of e
12、lectrical insulating materials Part 1: General guidelines for ageing procedures and evaluation of test results, published by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are
13、responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Cross-references Publications referred toCorresponding British Standard BS 5691 Guide for the determination of thermal endurance properties of electrical insulatin
14、g materials IEC 216-2Part 2:1995 Choice of test criteria IEC 216-3Part 3 Instructions for calculating thermal endurance characteristics IEC 216-3-1Section 3.1:1995 Calculations using mean values of normally distributed complete data IEC 216-3-2BS EN 60216-3-2:1995 Calculations for incomplete data: p
15、roof test results up to and including the median time to end-point (equal test groups) BS 5691 Guide for the determination of thermal endurance properties of electrical insulating materials IEC 216-4Part 4 Ageing ovens IEC 216-4-1Section 4.1:1995 Single chamber ovens IEC 216-5Part 5:1995 Guidelines
16、for the application of thermal endurance characteristics IEC 85:1984BS 2757:1986 Method for determining the thermal classification of electrical insulation IEC 212BS 2844:1995 Standard conditions for use prior to and during the testing of solid electrical insulating materials Summary of pages This d
17、ocument comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the HD title page, pages 2 to 20, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside f
18、ront cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Dec 01 14:54:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI HARMONIZATION DOCUMENT DOCUMENT DHARMONISATION HARMONISIERUNGSDOKUMENT HD 611.1 S1 July 1992 UDC 621.315.61:620.193.94 Descriptors: Insulating material, heat test, resistance to hea
19、t, ageing test, thermal endurance test, temperature, index, test results English version Guide for the determination of thermal endurance properties of electrical insulating materials Part 1: General guidelines for ageing procedures and evaluation of test results (IEC 216-1:1990) Guide pour la dterm
20、ination des proprits dendurance thermique de matriaux isolants lectriques Premire partie: Guide gnral relatif aux mthodes de vieillissement et lvaluation des rsultats dessais (CEI 216-1:1990) Leitlinie zur Bestimmung der thermischen Langzeiteigenschaften von Elektroisolierstoffen Teil 1: Allgemeine
21、Leitlinien fr Warmlagerungsverfahren und fr die Auswertung von Prfergebnissen (IEC 216-1:1990) This Harmonization Document was approved by CENELEC on 1992-06-16. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for implementation of this Ha
22、rmonization Document on a national level. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning national implementation may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This Harmonization Document exists in three official versions (English, French, German). CE
23、NELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardizatio
24、n Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B-1050 Brussels 1992 Copyright reserved to CENELEC members Ref. No. HD 611.1 S1:1992 E Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Dec 01 14:54:43 GMT+00:00
25、 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5691-1:1995 BSI 08-1999 2 Foreword The CENELEC questionnaire procedure, performed for finding out whether or not the International Standard IEC 216-1:1990 could be accepted without textual changes, has shown that no common modifications were necessary for accepta
26、nce as a Harmonization Document. The reference document was submitted to the CENELEC members for formal vote and was approved by CENELEC as HD 611.1 S1 on 16 June 1992. The following dates were fixed: Annexes designated “normative” are part of the body of the standard. In this standard, Annex ZA is
27、normative. latest date of announcement of the HD at national level(doa) 1992-12-01 latest date of publication of a harmonized national standard(dop) 1991-06-01 Latest date of withdrawal of conflicting national standards(dow) 1993-06-01 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Dec 01 14:54:43
28、GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5691-1:1995 BSI 08-19993 Introduction IEC methods to determine and express the thermal endurance of electrical insulating materials reveal a clear trend which may be described as follows: The original listing of the thermal capabilities of a number of wi
29、dely used materials based on service experience is no longer satisfactory due to the accelerating pace of polymer and electrical insulation technology. Test procedures have been developed which enable the validity of the underlying physical model to be verified. A complete test programme for materia
30、ls produces the temperature index (TI) which is a one-point characteristic. Alternatively, comparative tests produce the relative temperature index (RTI) which characterizes the performance of the test material relative to that of the known reference material. RTI was originally supported by a certa
31、in input from service experience. An additional feature is to improve the reproducibility between laboratories. The one-point presentation does not permit a complete description of a materials thermal endurance relationship. Therefore, a composite index called the Thermal Endurance Profile (TEP) was
32、 introduced in the second edition of IEC Publication 216-1. This was done because it was recognized that both the slope of the thermal endurance graph and the confidence of the experimental test data are important and relevant. Since the regular inclusion of a figure representing the statistical con
33、fidence is not of major practical importance, the present edition maintaining the verification of the confidence of the test data emphasizes just the two indices TI and RTI. The slope of the thermal endurance graph is now explicitly given by means of the easily comprehensible halving interval (HIC).
34、 This permits the deletion of the TEP. NOTERegarding the Thermal Endurance Profile TEP of the Second edition, see Appendix D of this publication. IEC Publication 216 consists of five parts: Part 1: General guidelines for ageing procedures and evaluation of test results; Part 2: Choice of test criter
35、ia; Part 3: Instructions for calculating thermal endurance characteristics; Part 4: Ageing ovens; Part 5: Guidelines for the application of thermal endurance characteristics. The relevant statistical methods will be found in IEC Publication 493. NOTEThis work may be continued. For revisions and new
36、parts, see the current catalogue of IEC Publications for an up-to-date list. Section 1. General 1 Scope This standard gives principles of test procedures to evaluate the thermal endurance of electrical insulating materials and simple combinations of such materials; it describes the conditions to be
37、observed during the various tests and shows the basic analysis methods to derive the temperature index, the relative temperature index and the halving interval, from the test results. Attention is given to test data which do not completely satisfy the requirements of linearity and dispersion of the
38、thermal endurance relationship. NOTEThroughout the rest of this standard the term “insulating materials” is always taken to mean “insulating material(s) and simple combination(s) of such materials”. 2 General considerations Thermal endurance tests serve the purpose of revealing how prolonged exposur
39、e to elevated temperature produces irreversible degradation of the properties of insulating materials. Of importance are those electrical and mechanical properties on which the appropriate functioning of the insulation in actual operation depends, and which may deteriorate due to thermal ageing. NOT
40、EHowever, other properties which change reversibly with temperature without thermal ageing may, singly or in combination, be the limiting factor in practice. In such cases other evaluation methods not within the scope of thermal endurance testing will be applied. According to current practice, the t
41、hermal endurance of insulating materials is assessed by exposure to three or more ageing temperatures higher than the expected temperature index. The results of such exposure can often be described by a linear (Arrhenius) relationship between the logarithm of the time taken to reach a certain degree
42、 of property change and the reciprocal thermodynamic (absolute) temperature. See Appendix A. A calculation based on the Arrhenius relationship or a graphical estimation on the thermal endurance graph is used to estimate endurance times inside or outside the range of exposure temperatures. It sometim
43、es happens that the thermal endurance relationship is non-linear in the temperature range of interest. If such a relationship is well established, the evaluation of the thermal capability of materials may still be possible, see Clauses 7, 8 and 13 and Appendix C of this part. Licensed Copy: sheffiel
44、dun sheffieldun, na, Fri Dec 01 14:54:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5691-1:1995 4 BSI 08-1999 The properties of a material subjected to thermal ageing may not all deteriorate at the same rate. Consequently, a material may be assigned more than one thermal endurance index derived,
45、for example, from the measurement of different properties. See IEC Publication 216-2. Although thermal endurance characteristics, while giving guidance on materials, should not by themselves be taken to predict the relationship between temperature and performance of an insulation system in service,
46、such a relationship is sometimes used without adequate justification. It is emphasized that thermal endurance characteristics of materials should only be related to operating temperatures when a relationship has been established by other tests, or service experience. See also IEC Publication 216-5 a
47、nd the following publications: IEC Publication 85. IEC Publication 505. IEC Publication 611. 3 Principles of evaluation and definitions The test procedures covered by this guide apply to insulating materials and simple combinations thereof before they are fabricated into insulating structures identi
48、fied with specific parts of electric equipment. A distinction between such material tests and tests to evaluate the performance of insulation systems is necessary for two main reasons. Firstly, the details of the particular use of a material cannot be known to its manufacturer. Secondly, the perform
49、ance of an insulation system cannot generally be predicted from that of its component materials. The procedures covered by this guide produce information on the long-term characteristics of materials which provide the manufacturer of electrotechnical products with guidance for the selection of materials for further evaluation and application. NOTEResults of tests on familiar, widely used materials are compiled for convenient reference in IEEE Trans. El. Ins. vol. EI-17 (1982) No. 1, pp. 53-63, so that com