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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 5803-4: 1985 Thermal insulation for use in pitched roof spaces in dwellings Part 4: Methods for determining flammability and resistance to smouldering UDC 699.86:692.42:677.014.27:536.468 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:18:04 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled
2、 Copy, (c) BSI BS 5803-4:1985 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Elements and Components (of Diverse Materials) for Buildings Standards Committee, was published under the authority of the Board of BSI and comes into effect on 28 February 1985 BSI 09-1999 The follo
3、wing BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference ECB/38 Draft for comment 83/10120 DC ISBN 0 580 14245 0 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Elements and Components (of Diverse Materials) for Build
4、ings Standards Committee (ECB/-) to Technical Committee ECB/38 upon which the following bodies were represented: Chartered Institution of Building Services Consumer Standards Advisory Committee of BSI Department of the Environment (Building Research Establishment, Fire Research Station) Department o
5、f the Environment (Housing and Construction Industries) Department of the Environment (Property Services Agency) Eurisol (UK) (Association of Manufacturers of Mineral Fibre Insulation) Greater London Council Independent Waste Paper Processors Association Institution of Building Control Officers Nati
6、onal Association of Loft Insulation Contractors National Council of Building Materials Producers Royal Institute of British Architects Thermal Insulation Manufacturers Association Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.Date of issueComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04
7、 16:18:04 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5803-4:1985 BSI 09-1999i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover Forewordii 1Scope1 2Flammability test1 3Smouldering resistance test2 Appendix A Crib ignition source5 Figure 1 Sample holder6 Figure 2 Cylinder7 Figure 3 Crib8 Tabl
8、e 1 Parameters of crib ignition source5 Publications referred toInside back cover Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:18:04 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5803-4:1985 ii BSI 09-1999 Foreword This Part of BS 5803, having been prepared under the direction of the El
9、ements and Components (of Diverse Materials) for Buildings Standards Committee. Existing British Standard methods of test for the reaction to fire of building materials cannot be applied to many types of loft insulating material which may consist of loose-fill granules, beads or fibres, laid on a ho
10、rizontal surface. In the absence of a standard method of test suitable for assessing the susceptibility of the products to the propagation of smouldering from ignition sources either above or within the material, a new procedure has been developed. This Part of this standard describes two tests: a)
11、a flammability test in which a small wooden crib is placed on the top surface of a specimen of insulation in a specified tray and ignited; b) a smouldering resistance test in which a pre-heated metal cylinder is buried within a specimen of insulation in a specified tray. The results obtained from th
12、e tests will apply only to igniting sources of severity similar to those described in the test procedure. Results cannot be directly extrapolated in an attempt to predict the behaviour of loft insulating materials with other ignition sources. These tests reflect the resistance of the sample to flami
13、ng or smouldering combustion. BS 5803 comprises the following Parts. Part 1: Specification for man-made mineral fibre thermal insulation mats; Part 2: Specification for man-made mineral fibre thermal insulation in pelleted or granular form for application by blowing; Part 3: Specification for cellul
14、ose fibre thermal insulation for application by blowing; Part 4: Methods for determining flammability and resistance to smouldering; Part 5: Specification for installation of man-made mineral fibre and cellulose fibre insulation. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provi
15、sions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 8, an
16、 inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:18:04 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Cop
17、y, (c) BSI BS 5803-4:1985 BSI 09-19991 1 Scope This Part of BS 5803 describes methods of test for flammability and resistance to smouldering of thermal insulating materials, which may consist of loose-fill granules, beads or fibres, designed to be laid horizontally between joists in lofts of dwellin
18、gs. NOTEThe titles of the publications referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover. 2 Flammability test 2.1 Principle A specimen of conditioned insulation is inserted in a tray having a plasterboard base and wooden sides representing a typical configuration of joists and ceiling
19、 forming the base of a loft. A small wooden crib is placed on the surface and ignited, providing an intensity of heating of about 3.5 W/cm2 under the crib and an average intensity of 0.3 W/cm2 over an area of 7 500 mm2. Observations are made of the occurrence and duration of flaming and smouldering
20、of the insulation outside the area covered by the crib and of the extent of spread of the combustion zone. 2.2 Apparatus NOTEAll dimensions are nominal unless tolerances are specified. 2.2.1 Specimen holder, in the form of a tray, constructed as shown in Figure 1 from softwood timber 100 mm 50 mm an
21、d 50 mm 50 mm in section and from plasterboard 12.5 mm thick. It shall have internal dimensions of 500 mm 300 mm 100 mm deep. A movable softwood timber cross-piece 300 mm 100 mm 50 mm shall be provided to span between the 500 mm 100 mm 50 mm timbers to give a 300 mm square 100 mm deep tray. 2.2.2 Cr
22、ib ignition source, constructed in accordance with Appendix A. 2.2.3 Crib support, consisting of a piece of wire mesh made from heat-resisting steel wire, about 0.5 mm diameter woven to an aperture width of about 1 mm, and cut about 45 mm square. 2.2.4 Stop watch or clock, capable of measuring to an
23、 accuracy of 1 s in 1 h. 2.3 Test environment The test shall be carried out at a temperature of 23 5 C in a suitable draught free enclosure so that the operator is protected from decomposition products. NOTEWhere doubts exist about the harmful effects of such products then a physical separation of t
24、he test and operator may be necessary. Fan-assisted exhaustion of the products into the atmosphere is permissible only at the end of each test. Easily accessible means of extinguishing combustion of the specimens shall be provided, e.g. fire blanket, extinguisher or water. 2.4 Conditioning of sample
25、 Condition a sample of the material, sufficient to make at least five specimens 300 mm 300 mm 100 mm at the density described in 2.5.1, in a ventilated oven controlled at a temperature of 40 2 C for 12 h. Either carry out the test between 2 h and 4 h after removal of the sample from the oven or tran
26、sfer the material to polyethylene bags1). Knot each bag and place it inside a second bag and knot the second bag also. 2.5 Procedure 2.5.1 Fill the specimen holder, with the movable cross-piece in position, to form a specimen 300 mm 300 mm 100 mm deep. Form each specimen at the density at which the
27、R value (thermal resistance) for that material is determined and tested. Carry out the test on five specimens. 2.5.2 Place the crib (2.2.2) centrally over the top surface of the specimen. NOTEWhere difficulty is experienced in supporting the crib on the surface because of the physical nature of the
28、material, the wire mesh crib support (2.2.3) may be inserted between the crib base and the surface of the specimen. Ignite the crib by applying a match or taper to the lint and start the timing device simultaneously. If any fire from the burning specimen develops rapidly, extinguish it immediately,
29、and report the fact. Otherwise, retain the specimen in the holder until all smouldering and flaming ceases or until the combustion zone extends at any depth to within 25 mm of any part of the timber surround. NOTEThis requirement is included because, in some specimens, the combustion zone is obvious
30、ly prevented from reaching the timber surround by the edge effects of the apparatus, e.g. shrinkage of the specimen, accumulation of flame-retardant salts at the edges of the specimen or thermal balance. After combustion has ended, carefully pull away the surfaces of the specimen still in contact wi
31、th the timber surround to enable any combustion that may have occurred below the surface of the specimen and reached the timber surround to be observed. 1) Bin liners are suitable. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:18:04 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5803-4:19
32、85 2 BSI 09-1999 Record the following observations for each of the five samples. a) Information essential for assessment of compliance with the appropriate Parts of BS 5803, i.e. whether or not, after combustion has ceased, any part of the combustion zone has extended to within 25 mm of any part of
33、the timber surround. b) Additional information (where requested), times being measured from the start of the test to the nearest 5 s and distances to the nearest 5 mm: 1) the time to ignition of any part of the surface of the specimen; 2) if flaming of the specimen occurs and continues after flaming
34、 of the crib has ceased: i) the heights of flames, estimated visually; ii) the time at which flaming ceases if this is before the combustion zone extends to within 25 mm of any part of the timber surround; iii) the time at which the flames first extend to within 25 mm of any part of the timber surro
35、und; 3) the time at which the combustion zone, either on the surface or at any depth, extends to within 25 mm of any part of the timber surround; 4) if, after combustion has ceased, no part of the combustion zone has reached to within 25 mm of any part of the timber surround, the extent of the sprea
36、d of the combustion zone either at, or below the surface. 2.6 Test report The test report shall include the following essential information: a) name and address of testing laboratory; b) name and address of sponsor of test; c) date(s) of test(s); d) identification and description of the material bei
37、ng tested; e) details of the process used to condition the sample; f) rate of application and density of the material in the specimens, based on the mass of the specimen before test; g) type(s) of ignition source used; h) ambient temperature at the time of testing; i) records for each specimen, as s
38、tated in 2.5.2 a). The test report shall also contain any additional information as described in 2.5.2 b) where requested. 3 Smouldering resistance test 3.1 Principle A specimen of conditioned insulation is inserted in a tray similar to that used in 2.1 and containing a preheated metal cylinder. Obs
39、ervations are made of the duration of any flaming and smouldering of the insulation and of the extent of spread of the combustion zone. 3.2 Apparatus NOTEAll dimensions are nominal unless tolerances are specified. 3.2.1 Specimen holder, in the form of a tray, constructed as shown in Figure 1 from so
40、ftwood timber 100 mm 50 mm and 50 mm 50 mm in section and from plasterboard 12.5 mm thick. It shall have internal dimensions of 500 mm 300 mm 100 deep. A movable softwood timber cross-piece 300 mm 100 mm 50 mm shall be provided to span between the 500 mm 100 mm 50 mm timbers to give a 300 mm 375 mm
41、100 mm deep tray. 3.2.2 Ignition source, consisting of a stainless steel cylinder, as shown in Figure 2, having a diameter of 50 mm and a height of 50 mm. A 2 mm diameter hole is drilled in the top of the cylinder at a position 15 mm from its centre line and to a depth of 25 mm. The centre of the to
42、p of the cylinder is also drilled and tapped to a depth of 15 mm to accommodate an 8 mm diameter stainless steel bolt set so as to leave a clearance of 10 mm between the top of the cylinder and the upper side of the bolt head. The overall height of the cylinder with its fitted bolt shall be 60 1 mm
43、and the total mass shall be 800 5 g. Two squares of mineral fibre insulating board 75 mm 75 mm 12 mm shall be stacked to provide a 24 mm thick support for the stainless steel cylinder during the test. 3.2.3 Cylinder heater and temperature indicator. The heater shall be capable of raising the smoulde
44、ring ignition cylinder to 500 C. NOTEThis may be an electrically heated muffle furnace or an open gas-fired burner (boosted, if necessary, by the use of a hand-held gas-fired blow lamp). Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:18:04 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 580
45、3-4:1985 BSI 09-19993 A thermo-electric temperature indicating device capable of being read at 445 C to within 0.5 C shall be fitted with a metal sheathed thermocouple suitable for use at temperatures up to 500 C and for insertion in the 2 mm diameter hole in the stainless steel cylinder. The device
46、 shall be transportable or so positioned that the cylinder with a thermo-couple inserted may be transferred from the heater to the specimen holder located in its draught-free testing enclosure (see 3.3). 3.2.4 Stop watch or clock, complying with 2.2.4. 3.3 Test environment The test shall be carried
47、out in an environment complying with 2.3. 3.4 Conditioning of sample Condition a sample of the material, sufficient to make at least five specimens 300 mm 375 mm 100 mm at the density described in 3.5.1, in a ventilated oven controlled at a temperature of 40 2 C for 12 h. Either carry out the tests
48、between 2 h and 4 h after removal of the sample from the oven or transfer the material to polyethylene bags2). Knot each bag and place it inside a second bag and knot the second bag also. 3.5 Procedure 3.5.1 Weigh out a specimen of the material sufficient to fill the specimen holder, to form a speci
49、men 300 mm 375 mm 100 mm deep at the density at which the R value (thermal resistance) for that material is determined and tested. Carry out the test on five specimens. NOTEIf it is necessary to repeat the test a further five specimens will be required. 3.5.2 With the movable cross-piece in position, stack the two squares of mineral fibre insulating board uniformly on the floor of the specimen holder so that their centres are 150 mm away from each of the three fixed sides and 225 mm fro