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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 5964-2: 1996 ISO 4463-2: 1995 Building setting out and measurement Part 2: Measuring stations and targets ICS 91.040 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:11:16 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5964-2:1996 This British Standard, having been prepar
2、ed under the direction of the Sector Board for Building and Civil Engineering, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 September 1996 BSI 11-1998 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference B/212 Draft for comment
3、 91/12503 DC ISBN 0 580 26304 5 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee B/212, Tolerances, drawing practice, modular coordination, joints, project information and computer modelling, upon which the following bodie
4、s were represented: Architects and Surveyors Institute Association of Building Engineers Association of County Councils British Institute of Architectural Technologies Building Employers Confederation Chartered Institute of Building Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers Concrete Socie
5、ty Department of the Environment (Building Research Establishment) Institution of Civil Engineers Institution of Structural Engineers Local Authority Organizations Royal Institute of British Architects Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors Society of Chief Architects of Local Authorities The foll
6、owing bodies were also represented in the drafting of the standard, through subcommittees and panels: Brick Development Association British Constructional Steelwork Association Ltd. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:11:
7、16 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5964-2:1996 BSI 11-1998i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover National foreword ii 1Scope1 2Normative references 1 3Definitions 1 4General 1 5Planning 1 6Functional needs of stations and targets 2 7Maintenance 4 Annex A (informative
8、) Examples of stations and targets 5 Annex B (informative) Bibliography 28 Figure 1 Examples of forms for point description 3 Figure A.1 Stations and targets: Example 1 Wooden peg6 Figure A.2 Stations and targets: Example 2 In situ cast concrete block in dug or augered hole7 Figure A.3 Stations and
9、targets: Example 3 In situ pillar using pipe or other sleeve 8 Figure A.4 Stations and targets: Example 4 Driven pipe 9 Figure A.5 Stations and targets: Example 5 Pipe with anchor sprongs and stabilizing wings 10 Figure A.6 Stations and targets: Example 6 Nail and identification washer11 Figure A.7
10、Stations and targets: Example 7 Steel plate in concrete 12 Figure A.8 Stations and targets: Example 8 Painted marks with pencil lines on floors and walls 13 Figure A.9 Stations and targets: Example 9 Wall targets, elevated targets, aiming targets 14 Figure A.10 Stations and targets: Example 10 Detac
11、hable wall-mounted target 15 Figure A.11 Stations and targets: Example 11 Corner profile 16 Figure A.12 Stations and targets: Example 12 Range poles, target poles, nails and pencil points 17 Figure A.13 Stations and targets: Example 13 Metal markers and studs 18 Figure A.14 Stations and targets: Exa
12、mple 14 Benchmarks 19 Figure A.15 Stations and targets: Example 15 Precast concrete block 20 Figure A.16 Stations and targets: Example 16 Observation pillar 21 Figure A.17 Stations and targets: Example 17 Station protection 22 Figure A.18 Stations and targets: Example 18 Station protection 23 Figure
13、 A.19 Measuring points and targets: Example 19 Short-range reflector 24 Figure A.20 Example of a setting-out plan (grid system) 25 Figure A.21 Example of a setting-out plan (coordinated system) 26 Table A.1 Guide to facilitate the use of annex A5 Table A.2 Symbols used in Figure A.20 and Figure A.21
14、: Coordinate stations and targets 27 List of references Inside back cover Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:11:16 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5964-2:1996 ii BSI 11-1998 National foreword This Part of BS 5964 is identical with ISO 4463:1995 Measuring methods
15、for building Setting-out and measurement Part 2: Measuring stations and targets, published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). It provides advice and guidance on selection, site location and maintenance of measuring stations and targets, for all types of building constructio
16、n. The series of parts comprising BS 5964 provide guidance on the following aspects of setting out and measurement: Part 1: Methods of measuring, planning and organization and acceptance criteria; Part 2: Measuring stations and targets; Part 3: Checklists for the procurement of surveys and measureme
17、nt services. The parts are referred to in BS 5606:1990 Guide to accuracy in building. Cross-references Publication referred to Corresponding British Standard Normative ISO 4463-1:1989Building setting out and measurement Part 1:1990 Methods of measuring, planning and organization and acceptance crite
18、ria (Identical) Informative ISO 7078:1985BS 6953:1988 Glossary of terms for procedures for setting out, measuring and surveying in building construction (including guidance notes) (Identical) BS 7307 Building tolerances. Measurement of buildings and building products ISO 7976-1:1989Part 1:1990 Metho
19、ds and instruments (Identical) ISO 7976-2:1989Part 2:1989 Position of measuring points (Identical) BS 7334 Measuring instruments for building construction. Methods for determining accuracy in use ISO 8322-1:1989Part 1:1990 Methods for determining accuracy in use: theory (Identical) ISO 8322-2:1989Pa
20、rt 2:1990 Methods for determining accuracy in use: measuring tapes (Identical) ISO 8322-3:1989Part 3:1990 Methods for determining accuracy in use: optical levelling instruments (Identical) ISO 8322-4:1991Part 4:1992 Methods for determining accuracy in use of theodolites (Identical) ISO 8322-5:1991Pa
21、rt 5:1992 Methods for determining accuracy in use of optical plumbing instruments (Identical) ISO 8322-6:1991Part 6:1992 Methods for determining accuracy in use of laser instruments (Identical) ISO 8322-7:1991Part 7:1992 Methods for determining accuracy in use of instruments when used for setting ou
22、t (Identical) Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:11:16 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5964-2:1996 BSI 11-1998iii The Technical Committee has reviewed the provisions of ISO 1803-1:1985, ISO 1803-2:1986 and ISO 4464:1980 to which normative reference is made in the
23、 text and has decided that they are acceptable for use in conjunction with this standard. A related standard to ISO 1803 is BS 6100 Glossary of building and civil engineering terms Subsection 1.5.1:1984 Coordination of dimensions; tolerances and accuracy. A British Standard does not purport to inclu
24、de all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. ISO 8322-8:1992Part 8:1992 Methods for determining accuracy in use of electronic dist
25、ance-measuring instruments up to 150 m (Identical) Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to iv, pages 1 to 28, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This wi
26、ll be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:11:16 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iv blank Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:11:16 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5964-2:1
27、996 BSI 11-19981 1 Scope This part of ISO 4463 deals with the progressive stages of establishing and marking measuring stations and targets on building sites. The aspects covered are planning, functional needs and maintenance. This part of ISO 4463 applies to measuring stations and targets in all ty
28、pes of building construction. Examples of different stations and targets and location plans are given in annex A. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of ISO 4463. At the time of publication, the e
29、ditions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this part of ISO 4463 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of the IEC and ISO maintain registers of currentl
30、y valid International Standards. ISO 1803:1), Building construction Expression of dimensional accuracy Vocabulary. ISO 4463-1:1989, Measurement methods for building Setting-out and measurement Part 1: Planning and organization, measuring procedures, acceptance criteria. 3 Definitions For the purpose
31、s of this part of ISO 4463, the definitions given in ISO 1803 and ISO 4463-1 apply. 4 General Stations and targets are the basis of all setting-out and measuring procedures. It is important that the locations of stations and targets are properly planned and constructed to meet their functional requi
32、rements throughout the building process. The requirements include the need for stability, accessibility and clear lines of sight throughout their useful life, wherever possible. The type, quality and permanence of stations and targets depend on the particular project requirements in relation to the
33、various categories of setting-out and measurement described in ISO 4463-1. Planning and maintenance of stations and targets are essential to ensure reliable results. 5 Planning 5.1 Location The locations of the stations and targets should be chosen to meet the requirements and conditions of the part
34、icular construction site. These may depend on: a) the type of construction and complexity; b) the availability and suitability of the proposed locations for the stations and targets; c) the intended locations of the site offices, stores and site construction roads; d) the locations of underground ut
35、ilities; e) the ground conditions; f) the period for which each station and target is required. During the relevant stages of construction, it is important to keep essential lines of sight between stations and targets clear of all obstructions to enable the setting-out and subsequent check and compl
36、iance measurements to be made. Stations should have easy access and sufficient working space to allow free movement around the point. 5.2 Approvals Before establishing stations and targets outside the site, permission may be required from the adjacent property owner. Before establishing stations and
37、 targets on the construction site, it is recommended that the site manager is in agreement with the proposed locations. Each location should be indicated on both the site plan and the appropriate location plan. 5.3 Programme A programme giving the time schedules for the establishment of the stations
38、 and targets should be prepared, which takes into account the construction schedule, the ground conditions, the accessibility to the building site and its location. This programme should, wherever possible, include sufficient time to allow for relevant settlement and shrinkage to take place before t
39、he primary stations are used for measurement purposes. 1) To be published. (Revision of ISO 1803-1:1985, ISO 1803-2:1986 and ISO 4464:1980). Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:11:16 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5964-2:1996 2 BSI 11-1998 6 Functional needs of s
40、tations and targets 6.1 Stability and durability On the site there are many risks to the stability of measuring points, such as disturbance from site traffic and works, settlement in the ground due to proximity of excavation, blasting, load from heavy foundations and vibrations from traffic. When co
41、nstructing stations and targets, their design and materials should fulfil the needs of stability and durability. Examples of stations and targets are given in annex A. 6.2 Protection Appropriate actions should be taken to protect stations and targets in vulnerable locations from disturbance by provi
42、ding physical barriers such as posts and guard rails. Visual warnings such as buntings or painted rails should be provided. Wall targets outside the site should be placed out of reach from the ground level. 6.3 Marking Stations and targets should have distinct and unambiguous marks. For a specific s
43、ite, all stations and targets should have unique referencing. These should be indicated on the location plan. 6.4 Station and target description All important stations and targets should be described so that they can be located easily. For each of these stations or targets, a description should be g
44、iven that provides the following information: a) location sketch indicating the position of the station or target in relation to an easily recognizable permanent feature or features (witness marks); b) identity reference; c) whether it concerns a station, target or bench-mark; d) form of constructio
45、n; e) coordinates or level value, as appropriate; f) date. Examples of descriptions for a station and a bench-mark are given in Figure 1. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:11:16 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5964-2:1996 BSI 11-19983 Figure 1 Examples of forms
46、for point description Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:11:16 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5964-2:1996 4 BSI 11-1998 7 Maintenance 7.1 Visual The first stage of inspection is to look for any visible indication of changed status; i.e. damage, movement or insta
47、bility of a station or target. 7.2 By measurement An inspection by measurement should be made when the integrity of the station or target appears to have been disturbed, or at the time of handing over the responsibilities for the established setting-out system. When the inspection reveals that the e
48、xisting station or target is not valid or is unstable, wherever possible, correct location of the station or target should be reinstated or an alternative station or target established in a stable location. An up-to-date record should be kept of any changed status, or re-instatements, or of new posi
49、tions of stations and targets Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:11:16 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5964-2:1996 BSI 11-19985 Annex A (informative) Examples of stations and targets A.1 This annex gives examples of measuring stations and targets (Figure A.1 to Figure A.18) and an example of measuring points and targets (Figure A.19). It includes a Guide (Table A.1) which is subdivided according to the main uses of the stations and