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1、 Reference number ISO 10618:2004(E) ISO 2004 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10618 Second edition 2004-08-15 Carbon fibre Determination of tensile properties of resin-impregnated yarn Fibres de carbone Dtermination des proprits en traction sur fils imprgns de rsine Copyright International Organization fo
2、r Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 03:07:58 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 10618:2004(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In acco
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5、ting. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2004 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this
6、publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211
7、Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2004 All rights reserved Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not f
8、or Resale, 04/19/2007 03:07:58 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 10618:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Forewordiv 1 Scope1 2 Normative references .1 3 Terms and definitions.1 4 Symbols .1 5 Principle.2 6 Apparatus and materials2 7 Te
9、st specimens .3 8 Atmosphere for conditioning and testing 5 9 Procedure for tensile testing .5 10 Expression of results6 11 Precision8 12 Test report8 Annex A (informative) Examples of heat-curable epoxy-resin systems.10 Annex B (informative) Examples of impregnating apparatus12 Annex C (informative
10、) Examples of tabs and tab-preparation apparatus 13 Annex D (informative) Examples of extensometers15 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 03:07:58 MDTNo reproduction
11、or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 10618:2004(E) iv ISO 2004 All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is norm
12、ally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in t
13、he work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare
14、 International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some
15、 of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 10618 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 13, Composites and reinforcement fibres. This second edition canc
16、els and replaces the first edition (ISO 10618:1999), which has been technically revised. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 03:07:58 MDTNo reproduction or networking
17、 permitted without license from IHS -,-,- INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10618:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved 1 Carbon fibre Determination of tensile properties of resin-impregnated yarn 1 Scope This International Standard specifies a method of test for the determination of the tensile strength, t
18、ensile modulus of elasticity and strain at maximum load of a resin-impregnated yarn specimen. The method is applicable to yarns (continuous and staple-fibre yarns) of carbon fibre for use as reinforcements in composite materials. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispen
19、sable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 291, Plastics Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing ISO 527-1, Plastics Determin
20、ation of tensile properties Part 1: General principles ISO 1889, Reinforcement yarns Determination of linear density ISO 10119, Carbon fibre Determination of density ISO 10548, Carbon fibre Determination of size content 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definit
21、ions given in ISO 527-1 and the following apply. 3.1 cross-sectional area of carbon-fibre yarn Af the linear density of the yarn divided by the density of the carbon fibre NOTE It is expressed in square millimetres. 4 Symbols The symbols used in this International Standard are as follows: f tensile
22、strength, in megapascals; Ff maximum tensile force, in newtons; Af cross-sectional area of yarn, in square millimetres; Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 03:07:58 M
23、DTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 10618:2004(E) 2 ISO 2004 All rights reserved f density of yarn, in grams per cubic centimetre; Ttf linear density of yarn, in tex; Tti linear density of impregnated yarn, in tex; Ef tensile modulus of elasticity, in gigapas
24、cals; L0 gauge length of extensometer, in millimetres; L variation in the length, in millimetres, corresponding to the variation in the force, in newtons; F variation in the force, in newtons, corresponding to the variation in the length, in millimetres. 5 Principle A sample of yarn is uniformly imp
25、regnated with resin, then cured to provide test specimens. The specimens are loaded in tension at a constant speed by a suitable mechanical testing machine until failure. The tensile strength, the tensile modulus of elasticity and the strain at maximum load are calculated from the force-extension re
26、lationship. The tensile modulus is determined by dividing the variation in the stress by the corresponding variation in the strain between two defined points. For carbon-fibre yarns, the relation between stress and strain is not linear, hence a chord modulus must be defined. In method A, the modulus
27、 is defined between two strain levels and in method B it is defined between two load levels. The linear density and the size content have to be determined independently. NOTE The precision of the values obtained is believed to be approximately the same for method A and for method B. However, for the
28、 generally non-linear stress-strain response common to carbon fibres, the mean modulus values from these two methods will be somewhat different and not necessarily statistically comparable. Method B, or other methods, may be used in the purchase specification or for quality assurance by agreement be
29、tween customer and supplier. 6 Apparatus and materials 6.1 Resin The impregnating resin shall be compatible with the yarn and its size. The viscosity of the resin or resin solution shall be such that sufficient resin pick-up is achieved to ensure uniform impregnation. The strain at failure of the cu
30、red resin shall be at least twice that of the fibre, preferably three times. In this respect, heat- curable epoxy-resin systems with a viscosity during impregnation of preferably less than 1 000 mPas are suitable (see Annex A for example) as is any formulation capable of giving test specimens that f
31、ulfill the requirements of this International Standard. The resin formulation, however, shall be specified in detail and shall be agreed upon between the fibre manufacturer and the user. 6.2 Impregnation apparatus Test specimens can be prepared by any method which produces a uniformly impregnated, s
32、mooth specimen. These methods include both single- and multiple-specimen preparation techniques. A multiple-specimen impregnation apparatus may consist of: 6.2.1 A holder for the sample yarn bobbin, with yarn-tensioning devices. 6.2.2 An impregnation bath, with temperature-control devices and impreg
33、nation rollers or yarn-tensioning bars. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 03:07:58 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 106
34、18:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved 3 6.2.3 A unit to remove excess resin from the impregnated yarn by passing it over rollers covered with fabric, paper or felt and/or through a die. 6.2.4 A frame to wind up the impregnated yarn, preferably made of wood or metal coated with rubber. Examples of
35、impregnation apparatus are given in Annex B. 6.3 Curing oven with temperature control A fan circulation oven is preferable to ensure uniform curing of the resin. 6.4 Tensile-testing machine 6.4.1 Use a tensile-testing machine with a constant crosshead speed, equipped with force- and extension- recor
36、ding devices. The accuracy of the force indication shall be better than 1 % of the recorded value. The specimen-gripping system shall ensure that the test specimen is aligned with the axis of the test machine. 6.4.2 The tensile-testing machine shall include an extensometer linked to a continuous-rec
37、ording device which automatically records the extension within the gauge length of the extensometer as a function of the force on the test specimen. The extensometer should be sufficiently light to induce only negligible stresses in the test specimen. The gauge length of the extensometer shall be at
38、 least 50 mm but preferably 100 mm. The gauge length shall be determined with a tolerance of 1 %. The extensometer shall have a tolerance on deviation from linearity of not more than 0,1 % over the required extension-measurement range. Examples of suitable extensometers are given in Annex D. Other s
39、train-measuring instruments, such as optical or laser instruments, may be used, if suitable. 6.5 Balance Use a balance readable to 0,1 g to weigh the test specimens to determine the linear density of the impregnated yarn. 6.6 Ruler Use a graduated ruler or other measuring device at least 500 mm long
40、 and accurate to 1 mm. 7 Test specimens 7.1 Number of test specimens Prepare sufficient test specimens to enable four determinations to be made. If any of the specimens fails within the grips or at the tabs, or because of damage caused by the extensometer, discard the result and carry out a repeat d
41、etermination on a fresh test specimen. 7.2 Length of test specimens For test specimens with tabs, the length of the test specimen between the tabs shall be either (150 5) mm or (200 5) mm. For test specimens without tabs, the total length of the test specimen shall be (250 5) mm or (300 5) mm (at le
42、ast the extensometer gauge length plus twice the grip length). Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 03:07:58 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license
43、 from IHS -,-,- ISO 10618:2004(E) 4 ISO 2004 All rights reserved In cases of dispute, for test specimens with tabs, the length between the tabs shall be (150 5) mm; for test specimens without tabs, the length of the test specimen shall be (250 5) mm. 7.3 Impregnation of test specimens 7.3.1 The proc
44、edure for using the impregnation apparatus described in 6.2 is as follows: 7.3.2 Place the yarn bobbin on the holder. 7.3.3 Pour the impregnating-resin mixture into the resin bath (6.2.2) and adjust the temperature and viscosity to the desired values. 7.3.4 Draw the yarn through the resin bath and t
45、hrough the system designed to remove the excess resin while ensuring adequate resin impregnation (see 6.2.3). 7.3.5 Adjust the unwinding tension. The unwinding tension used shall be at the discretion of the individual test laboratory. 7.3.6 Wind the impregnated yarn onto the frame (6.2.4). 7.3.7 Pla
46、ce the frame in the oven (6.3). 7.3.8 Cure the resin in accordance with the resin manufacturers instructions. 7.3.9 When the resin has been cured, remove the frame from the oven. After removal of the impregnated yarn from the frame, cut off a sufficient number of test specimens. 7.3.10 Select the te
47、st specimens according to the criteria given in 7.5. 7.4 Determination of other fibre properties 7.4.1 General In order to make the calculations of tensile strength and tensile modulus given in Clause 10, the properties specified in 7.4.2 to 7.4.5 must be determined. 7.4.2 Linear density of the yarn
48、 Determine the linear density of the yarn by the method given in ISO 1889. 7.4.3 Size content of the yarn Determine the size content of the yarn by the method given in ISO 10548. 7.4.4 Density of the carbon fibre Determine the density of the carbon fibre by one of the methods given in ISO 10119. 7.4.5 Linear density of impregnated-yarn test specimen Measure the length of a test specimen (see 6.6), after it has been cut to length and prior to tabbing. Weigh the specimen (see 6.5). Calculate the linear d