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1、 Reference number ISO 13374-1:2003(E) ISO 2003 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13374-1 First edition 2003-03-15 Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines Data processing, communication and presentation Part 1: General guidelines Surveillance et diagnostic dtat des machines Traitement, change et pr
2、sentation des donnes Partie 1: Lignes directrices gnrales ISO 13374-1:2003(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to an
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5、ound, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2003 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission
6、in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2003 All rights reserved IS
7、O 13374-1:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Forewordiv Introduction v 1 Scope1 2 Data processing 1 2.1 Overview 1 2.2 Data-processing blocks1 2.3 Conceptual information schema guidelines 4 3 Data communication formats and methods for exchanging information.6 3.1 Communication me
8、thodologies 6 3.2 Selection guidelines for communication methodologies.7 4 Formats for presenting and displaying data8 4.1 General.8 4.2 Determination of work flow procedures.8 4.3 General information display architecture.9 5 Responsible personnel.14 5.1 Introduction .14 5.2 Operators.14 5.3 Operati
9、ons engineer .14 5.4 Reliability analyst14 5.5 Management 14 Annex A (informative) Machinery Information Management Open Systems Alliance (MIMOSA) specifications 15 Bibliography .16 ISO 13374-1:2003(E) iv ISO 2003 All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization)
10、is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be repres
11、ented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are
12、drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International
13、 Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 13374-1 was pre
14、pared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 108, Mechanical vibration and shock, Subcommittee SC 5, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines. ISO 13374 consists of the following parts, under the general title Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines Data processing, communication and present
15、ation: Part 1: General guidelines Part 2: Data-processing requirements Part 3: Communication requirements Part 4: Presentation requirements ISO 13374-1:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved v Introduction The various computer software programs written for condition monitoring and diagnostics of machi
16、nes that are currently in use cannot easily exchange data or operate in a plug-and-play fashion without an extensive integration effort. This makes it difficult to integrate systems and provide a unified view of the condition of machinery to users. The intent of ISO 13374 is to provide the basic req
17、uirements for open software specifications which will allow machine condition monitoring data and information to be processed, communicated and displayed by various software packages without platform-specific or hardware-specific protocols. Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a project of the World
18、Wide Web Consortium (W3C), and the development of the specification is being supervised by their XML Working Group. XML is a public format written in the Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) (see ISO 88791 for details) for defining descriptions of the structures of different types of electron
19、ic documents. The version 1.0 specification was accepted by the W3C as a Recommendation in 1998. A W3C Recommendation indicates that a specification is stable, contributes to Web interoperability, and has been reviewed by the W3C membership, who are in favour of supporting its adoption by academic,
20、industry and research communities. It is designed to improve the functionality of the Web by providing more flexible and adaptable information identification. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13374-1:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved 1 Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines Data processing, c
21、ommunication and presentation Part 1: General guidelines 1 Scope This part of ISO 13374 establishes general guidelines for software specifications related to data processing, communication, and presentation of machine condition monitoring and diagnostic information. NOTE Later parts of ISO 13374 (un
22、der preparation) will address specific software specification requirements for data processing, communication and presentation. 2 Data processing 2.1 Overview Relevant data processing and analysis procedures are required to interpret the data received from condition monitoring activities. A synergis
23、tic combination of technologies should establish the cause and severity of possible faults and provide the justification for operations and maintenance actions in a pro-active manner. A data processing and information flow of the type shown in Figure 1 is recommended either on a manual or automatic
24、basis, in order to implement condition monitoring successfully. The data flow begins at the top, where monitoring configuration data are specified for the various sensors monitoring the equipment, and finally results in actions to be taken by maintenance and operations personnel. As the information
25、flow progresses from data acquisition to advisory generation, data from the earlier processing blocks need to be transferred to the next processing block and additional information acquired from or sent to external systems. Similarly, as the data evolve into information, both standard technical disp
26、lays and simpler graphical presentation formats are needed. The flow progresses from data acquisition to complex prognostic tasks, ending in the issuance of advisories and recommended actions (one of which may be a modification of the monitoring process itself). 2.2 Data-processing blocks 2.2.1 Mach
27、ine condition assessment processing blocks Machine condition assessment can be broken into six distinct, layered processing blocks. The first three blocks are technology-specific, requiring signal processing and data analysis functions targeted to a particular technology. The following are some of t
28、he most commonly used technologies in condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines: shaft displacement monitoring; bearing vibration monitoring; tribology-based monitoring; ISO 13374-1:2003(E) 2 ISO 2003 All rights reserved infrared thermographic monitoring; performance monitoring; acoustical mo
29、nitoring; motor current monitoring. Figure 1 Data-processing and information-flow blocks ISO 13374-1:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved 3 The technology-specific blocks and the functions they should provide are as follows. a) Data Acquisition (DA) block: converts an output from the transducer to a
30、 digital parameter representing a physical quantity and related information (such as the time, calibration, data quality, data collector utilized, sensor configuration). b) Data Manipulation (DM block): performs signal analysis, computes meaningful descriptors, and derives virtual sensor readings fr
31、om the raw measurements. c) State Detection (SD block): facilitates the creation and maintenance of normal baseline “profiles”, searches for abnormalities whenever new data are acquired, and determines in which abnormality zone, if any, the data belong (e.g. “alert” or “alarm”). The final three bloc
32、ks normally attempt to combine monitoring technologies in order to assess the current health of the machine, predict future failures, and provide recommended action steps to operations and maintenance personnel. These three blocks and the functions they should support are as follows. d) Health Asses
33、sment (HA) block: diagnoses any faults and rates the current health of the equipment or process, considering all state information. e) Prognostic Assessment (PA) block: determines future health states and failure modes based on the current health assessment and projected usage loads on the equipment
34、 and/or process, as well as remaining useful life predictions. f) Advisory Generation (AG) block: provides actionable information regarding maintenance or operational changes required to optimize the life of the process and/or equipment. 2.2.2 Technical displays To facilitate analysis by qualified p
35、ersonnel, relevant technical displays showing data such as trends as well as associated abnormality zones are necessary. These displays should provide the analyst with the data required to identify, confirm or understand an abnormal state. 2.2.3 Information presentation It is important that the data
36、 be converted to a form that clearly represents the information necessary to make corrective-action decisions. This may be done in a written format, numerically in order to demonstrate magnitudes, graphically in order to show trends, or a combination of all three. The information should include pert
37、inent data describing the equipment or its components, the failure type or fault, an estimate of the severity, a projection of condition and, finally, recommended action. Cost and risk factors may also be displayed. 2.2.4 External systems Retrieval of previous work histories from the maintenance sys
38、tem and previous operational data (starts/stops/loads) from a process-data historian is important in the assessment of machinery health. After a health assessment is made, the maintenance action to be taken may range from increasing the frequency of inspection to repair or replacement of the damaged
39、 machinery or component. The effect on operations may be an adjustment of operating procedures or a request to shutdown the equipment immediately. This need for rapid communication to the maintenance and operational system requires software interfaces to maintenance management systems and operationa
40、l control systems. These interfaces are useful in order to communicate recommended actions in the form of maintenance work requests and operational change requests. ISO 13374-1:2003(E) 4 ISO 2003 All rights reserved 2.2.5 Data archiving Data archiving is an important feature during all blocks of a m
41、achine condition monitoring program. Previous data trends can be analysed for statistical relevance. Previous health assessments should be audited for accuracy, and root cause information added upon its discovery. 2.2.6 Block configuration Each data-processing block requires configuration informatio
42、n, some of which may be static information and other data may be dynamically changed by the system during operation. For example, the configuration of the Data Acquisition block may include identification of measurement monitoring locations, orientation and relative transducer position, monitoring p
43、olling rates, sensor set-up data and calibration parameters. 2.3 Conceptual information schema guidelines 2.3.1 Overview The conceptual information schema is a single integrated definition of the relative machinery and condition monitoring information, which is unbiased toward any single application
44、 of data and is independent of how the data are physically stored or accessed. The primary objective of the conceptual schema is to provide a consistent definition of the meanings and interrelationship of data, which can be used to integrate, share and manage the integrity of data. This information
45、schema is a blueprint of the location of various data elements. There are various forms of information schema. The file description schema format has been used for years in the scientific programming community. It maps the format for ASCII or binary data files, which can be exported from a computer
46、system or imported into a computer system. A complete record format description is published which specifies the data fields contained in the file, their exact location in relation to the other data fields, whether the fields are in ASCII or binary format, and the exact data format (scientific float
47、ing point, integer, character, varying character string) of each field. The relational information schema format is the definition language for relational database management systems. The relational method is analogous to a blue-print drawing which defines the following: various “room names” (or tab
48、les) where data will be stored; the data “contents” (or columns) in the rooms; each data columns exact data format (scientific floating point, integer, varying character string, etc.); whether or not a data column can be empty or not (not null); each data rows unique “key” (primary key) which unique
49、ly identifies it. A table can be related to another table by including a “reference” (foreign key) to it. Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a project of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) and the development of the specification is being supervised by their XML Working Group. XML is a public format written in the Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) (see ISO 88791 for details) for defining descriptions of the structures of different types of electronic documents. It is called exten