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1、INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10972-5 First edition 2006-10-01 Reference number ISO 10972-5:2006(E) ISO 2006 Cranes Requirements for mechanisms Part 5: Bridge and gantry cranes Appareils de levage charge suspendue Prescriptions pour les mcanismes Partie 5: Ponts et portiques roulants Copyright Internat
2、ional Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Defense Supply Ctr/9960866100 Not for Resale, 04/24/2007 11:04:10 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 10972-5:2006(E) ii ISO 2006 All rights reserved PDF disclaimer This P
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5、PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2006 All rights reserve
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7、. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Defense Supply Ctr/996086610
8、0 Not for Resale, 04/24/2007 11:04:10 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 10972-5:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved iii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bo
9、dies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental an
10、d non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives,
11、 Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies cas
12、ting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 10972-5 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 96, Cranes, Subcommittee SC 9, Br
13、idge and gantry cranes. ISO 10972 consists of the following parts, under the general title Cranes Requirements for mechanisms: Part 1: General Part 3: Tower cranes Part 4: Jib cranes Part 5: Bridge and gantry cranes Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under licen
14、se with ISO Licensee=Defense Supply Ctr/9960866100 Not for Resale, 04/24/2007 11:04:10 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- . iv Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Defense Supply Ctr/9960866100
15、 Not for Resale, 04/24/2007 11:04:10 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- INTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO 10972-5:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved 1 Cranes Requirements for mechanisms Part 5: Bridge and gantry cranes 1Scope This part of ISO 10972 establishes the pa
16、rticular requirements relating to mechanisms for bridge and gantry cranes, as defined in ISO 4306-1. The general requirements for mechanisms for cranes are given in ISO 10972-1. These particular requirements concern a)the general layout and design of mechanisms; b)the selection and/or design require
17、ments of components; c)the instructions for manufacturing, mounting, installation and testing. Rules for proof of competence calculations regarding different limit states (yield strength, fatigue, wear) are excluded from this part of ISO 10972. 2Normative references The following referenced document
18、s are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 4306-1, Cranes Vocabulary Part 1: General ISO 10245-5, Cranes Limiting and ind
19、icating devices Part 5: Overhead travelling and portal bridge cranes ISO 10972-1, Cranes Requirements for mechanisms Part 1: General ISO 12210-1, Cranes Anchoring devices for in-service and out-of-service conditions Part 1: General ISO 12488-1, Cranes Tolerances for wheels and travel and traversing
20、tracks Part 1: General IEC 60204-32, Safety of machinery Electrical equipment of machines Part 32: Requirements for hoisting machines 3Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 4306-1 apply. Copyright International Organization for Standardizatio
21、n Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Defense Supply Ctr/9960866100 Not for Resale, 04/24/2007 11:04:10 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 10972-5:2006(E) 2 ISO 2006 All rights reserved 4Requirements 4.1General design and layout 4.1.1General The
22、 mechanisms shall meet the requirements of ISO 10972-1, as applicable. 4.1.2Load control Requirements relating to limiting and indicating devices as provided in ISO 10245-5 shall be incorporated, as applicable. In the case where the malfunctioning of the rated capacity limiter could cause the loss o
23、f stability of the crane, the reliability of the system shall be ensured in at least one of the following ways: a)by duplication of the critical components of the rated capacity limiter and systems or by a back-up limiter, or b)by automatic checking of the functioning of the system, or c)by other fa
24、il-safe devices or mechanisms, or d)by instructions to the user to arrange frequent regular checks of the system. The system should be checked, in particular, each time the operation of the crane is switched from constant capacity (e.g. grab use) to outreach dependant capacity (e.g. hoisting by hook
25、 and slings). 4.1.3Rope spooling control If it is possible that a rope can incorrectly spool, a control system or other means for guarding the correct spooling of the rope onto the winding drum shall be provided. 4.1.4Overspeed control When the closure of a back-up brake is actuated by a detected ov
26、erspeed, the speed detector shall not be mounted on a shaft between that of the back-up brake and the driving motor. 4.1.5Service brakes The service brake shall maintain its capability to stop the motion despite heating, taking into account a)the number of brake operations in a given period; b)the t
27、ype of drive control; c)the kinetic energy of all rotating parts like those of motor, brake, coupling and gear; d)the kinetic energy of all moving masses (e.g. hoisted mass, structural masses); e)the difference of potential energy of the lowered masses during braking; f)dynamic load testing; g)inter
28、ruption of power or emergency stop category 0 (see IEC 60204-32). If the braking-force is supplied by pre-stressed springs, the braking system shall continue to be capable of stopping the motion in the case of a breakage of any spring. This requirement can be fulfilled, for example, by a spring syst
29、em of the compression types (helical or plate). The springs shall be secured at their ends and guided to avoid buckling and loss of broken spring parts. If helical springs are used, they shall be such that, in the event of a wire breakage, the spring parts shall not screw in and the brake shall reta
30、in an effective pressure. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Defense Supply Ctr/9960866100 Not for Resale, 04/24/2007 11:04:10 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 10972-5:2006(E) ISO 2006
31、All rights reserved 3 Brake linings shall not contain asbestos. The properties and coefficient of friction shall be suitable for the purpose during normal operation under the effect of atmospheric conditions and temperature variations. It shall be possible to check the wear of the brake linings with
32、out the need for disassembly of the unit (if necessary, just removing protective covers). It shall be possible to check the brake system, to re-adjust the brake and to renew the brake linings. The connection between the brake lining and the brake lining carrier shall not become loosened unintentiona
33、lly. In order to fulfil this requirement, bonding and riveting of brake linings shall be in accordance with national standards. 4.2Hoist mechanism 4.2.1Service brakes For hoisting motions, only power-released brakes shall be used, and the braking system shall be such that, in the case of loss or fai
34、lure of the energy supply, the brake shall arrest and sustain the load. Any time delay of the braking system shall be such that the lowering speed does not exceed 1,3 times the rated lowering speed. 4.2.2Dual hoist grabbing mechanism When dimensioning the load-bearing and powering components of each
35、 mechanism, the distribution of the load to each mechanism shall be taken into account. Frequent, continuous and transient load distribution cases, which are dependant upon the mechanical configuration and the control system, shall be considered. The brakes of each mechanism shall hold at least of t
36、he lowering torque of the total hoist load. The dual mechanism shall be such that each brake can be tested separately. 4.2.3Speed change gear Either separate speed change gear reducers or speed change gears built in the main gear enclosure may be used. In both cases, there shall be a mechanical lock
37、ing means and/or brakes between the speed change gear and the hoist rope capable of holding the mass of the lifting attachments or, alternatively, the mass of the lifting attachments plus a specified load, while the gear is switched from one speed to another. When the speed change is remote-controll
38、ed, it shall be interlocked with the load measuring system. When the speed change is manual, adequate instructions regarding braking, locking and permissible load shall be provided. When the speed change is made by moving a pair of gear wheels axially or by a coupling device, provision shall be made
39、 to prevent power engagement of the hoist motor in an intermediate gear position. When the speed change is made by rotating clutches, the speed selection shall automatically set the permissible load of the mechanism. Switching to a higher speed while the mechanism is loaded over the permissible load
40、 of that speed shall be prevented. 4.3Travel and traverse mechanism 4.3.1Traction limits The uneven distribution of wheel loads between the corners of the crane/crab shall be considered both in the driving and braking capacity of the wheels. In the technical assessment, the traction capacity of the
41、wheels shall be limited to 0,14 times the wheel pressure force in its relevant load combination. 125 % Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Defense Supply Ctr/9960866100 Not for Resale, 04/24/2007 11:04:10 MDTNo reproduction or netw
42、orking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 10972-5:2006(E) 4 ISO 2006 All rights reserved 4.3.2In-service brake The brakes shall be able to stop the crane in the maximum in-service tail wind in a distance that is not more than 1,5 times the power-controlled braking distance with rated load
43、without wind. 4.3.3Travel and traversing by a crane bridge or crab The travel and traverse mechanism and slope of the supporting media shall be such that the position of bridge/crab can be controlled. In small and manually-operated cranes, travel and traversing may take place by the operator pushing
44、 the load. In such cases, the force required to overcome friction and slope shall not exceed . No horizontal force shall be required to hold the position of the load. 4.3.4Anchoring devices in out-of-service conditions Anchoring devices shall be fitted in accordance with ISO 12210-1. The holding of
45、the crane in out-of-service conditions shall be based on rail clamps, friction-related devices or positive locking devices, such as ground pins or tie-downs. The rail clamps or ground pins shall not be mounted on a bogie in such a way that there is a risk of the anchoring device disengaging due to u
46、plift of one end of the bogie. Tie-downs may be used to avoid the falling over of the crane in out-of-service. 4.3.5Wheels and bogies Wheels and bogies shall take account of ISO 12488-1. The bogie arrangement shall be such that no more than one bogie needs to be removed when a wheel or one of its co
47、mponents is repaired or replaced. Jacking points shall be marked on the crane and shown in the maintenance manual. Open gears in wheel drives which constitute a hazard under normal operating conditions shall be shielded to prevent access by a person to the danger area. 250 N Copyright International
48、Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Defense Supply Ctr/9960866100 Not for Resale, 04/24/2007 11:04:10 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- . 5 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Defense Supply Ctr/9960866100 Not for Resale, 04/24/2007 11:04:10 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 10972-5: