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1、 Reference number ISO 15487:2009(E) ISO 2009 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15487 Second edition 2009-05-15 Textiles Method for assessing appearance of apparel and other textile end products after domestic washing and drying Textiles Mthode dvaluation de laspect des vtements et autres produits finis tex
2、tiles aprs lavage et schage domestiques ISO 15487:2009(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the c
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5、the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2009 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without pe
6、rmission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2009 All rights re
7、served ISO 15487:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references. 1 3 Terms and definition. 1 4 Principle. 2 5 Apparatus and reagents. 2 6 Test specimens. 7 7 Procedure 7 8 Expression of results . 10 9 Test report . 10 Annex A (informative) Infor
8、mation on digital descriptions of the ISO smoothness appearance, crease and seam pucker replicas . 11 Bibliography. 12 ISO 15487:2009(E) iv ISO 2009 All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO membe
9、r bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmenta
10、l and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directi
11、ves, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies
12、 casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 15487 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 38, Textiles, Subcommittee SC 2
13、, Cleansing, finishing and water resistance tests. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 15487:1999), of which it constitutes a minor revision. An informative annex has been added. -,-,- INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15487:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 1 Textiles Method
14、 for assessing appearance of apparel and other textile end products after domestic washing and drying 1 Scope This International Standard specifies a method of test for evaluating the smoothness appearance of flat fabric and seams, and the retention of pressed-in creases in garments and other textil
15、e products after one or several domestic washing and drying treatments. This International Standard is applicable to any washable textile end product of any fabric construction. Techniques for seaming and creasing are not included since the purpose is to evaluate textile end products as they are sup
16、plied from the manufacturer or as ready-to-use. Techniques for seaming and creasing are controlled by fabric properties. This method has been developed for use primarily with domestic washing machines of Type B as defined in ISO 6330, but it may be possible to use it with machines of Type A defined
17、in the same International Standard. It is recognized that prints and patterns may mask the wrinkled appearance present in textile end products. The rating process is, however, based on the visual appearance of specimens including such effects. 2 Normative references The following referenced document
18、s are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 105-A03, Textiles Tests for colour fastness Part A03: Grey scale for assessing
19、 staining ISO 139, Textiles Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing ISO 6330, Textiles Domestic washing and drying procedures for textile testing 3 Terms and definition For the purpose of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 appearance overall visual impression of
20、apparel and other textile end product, quantified by comparison of individual components with appropriate reference standards 3.2 crease retention in fabrics visual impression of an inserted crease, quantified by comparison with a set of reference standards 3.3 dryer creases in fabrics sharp folds o
21、r lines running in any direction in a laundered or dried specimen NOTE Dryer creases are an unintended result of restricted movement of specimens in the washer or the dryer. -,-,- ISO 15487:2009(E) 2 ISO 2009 All rights reserved 3.4 durable press substantial retention of the initial shape, flat seam
22、s, pressed-in creases and unwrinkled appearance during use and after laundering 3.5 laundering of fabric, apparel and textile end products process intended to remove soils and/or stains by treatment (washing) with an aqueous detergent solution and normally including rinsing, extracting and drying 3.
23、6 seam smoothness in fabrics visual impression of flatness of a seamed specimen, quantified by comparison with a set of reference standards 3.7 smoothness appearance in fabrics visual impression of flatness of a specimen, quantified by comparison with a set of reference standards 4 Principle 4.1 Gar
24、ments or other textile end products are subjected to procedures simulating domestic laundering practices. One of the washing and drying procedures specified in ISO 6330 is used, as agreed between the interested parties. 4.2 Garments or other textile end products are compared visually with plastic sm
25、oothness appearance replicas, plastic crease replicas and/or photographic seam standards under specified illumination. A supplemental spot light suitably placed to highlight the creased area of the textile is used in crease evaluation. 5 Apparatus 5.1 Washing and drying apparatus, as specified in IS
26、O 6330. 5.2 Lighting and evaluation area, in a darkened room using lighting arrangement shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 and comprising the following items. Lamp dimensions should be chosen to extend beyond the overall surface of a test specimen and replicas, when used for the assessment. 5.2.1 Two CW
27、 (cool white) fluorescent lamps, without baffle or glass, a minimum of 2 m in length each, placed side by side. 5.2.2 One white enamel reflector, without baffle or glass. 5.2.3 One thick plywood viewing board, painted grey to match the No. 2 rating on the grey scale for assessing staining specified
28、in ISO 105-A03. 5.2.4 One 500 W reflector floodlight and lightshield (for the purpose of protecting the viewers eyes from direct light for grading creases, as illustrated in Figure 2). -,-,- ISO 15487:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 3 Dimensions in metres Key 1 replica 2 test specimen 3 board f
29、or viewing 4 example of fluorescent lamp placement Figure 1 Lighting and viewing arrangement for test specimens for smoothness and seam appearance -,-,- ISO 15487:2009(E) 4 ISO 2009 All rights reserved Dimensions in metres Key 1 replica 2 test specimen 3 light shield 4 500 W reflector floodlight 5 o
30、bserver 6 arbitrary eye level Figure 2 Lighting and viewing arrangement for creases only -,-,- ISO 15487:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 5 5.3 American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (AATCC) standard plastic crease replicas, prepared for evaluating creases, as shown in Figure 3.
31、Figure 3 AATCC standard plastic crease replicas 5.4 AATCC photographic standards prepared for evaluating seam appearance (single- and double-needle stitching), as shown in Figures 4 and 5. Figure 4 AATCC standard single-needle seam smoothness photograph ISO 15487:2009(E) 6 ISO 2009 All rights reserv
32、ed Figure 5 AATCC standard double-needle seam smoothness photograph 5.5 AATCC standard smoothness appearance replicas prepared for evaluating appearance, as shown in Figure 6 (see also Annex A). NOTE Details of the source of supply may be obtained from the Secretariat of ISO/TC 38/SC 2. Figure 6 AAT
33、CC standard 3D smoothness appearance replicas -,-,- ISO 15487:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 7 6 Test specimens For textile end product tests, select three items for testing. 7 Procedure 7.1 Washing and drying Wash and dry the specimens in accordance with one of the procedures specified in ISO
34、 6330, as agreed between the interested parties. If required, repeat the selected washing and drying cycle four times to give a total of five cycles. If dryer creases develop in specimens after any drying cycle except the last, they shall be rewet and an attempt made to remove the creases prior to a
35、dditional washing and drying. No attempt to remove wrinkles or creases shall be made after the fifth cycle of drying. 7.2 Conditioning Condition the test specimens for 4 h in one of the atmospheres specified in ISO 139, by hanging on a hanger, straightening and smoothing facings, seams, etc. 7.3 Obs
36、ervation Three observers shall rate each treated test specimen independently, as follows: a) The overhead fluorescent light (5.2.1) shall be the only light source for the viewing board (5.2.3). All other lights in the room shall be turned off except when rating crease appearance. In that case, the f
37、loodlight with reflector and light shield (5.2.4), positioned as shown in Figure 2, is also required. b) Apparel and other end use items shall be placed on the viewing board so that, as far as possible, the observer views them in the spatial placement in which they are encountered in use. c) The obs
38、erver shall stand directly in front of the specimen 120 cm 3 cm away from the board. It has been found that normal variations in the height of the observer above and below the arbitrary 1,5 m eye level have no significant effect on the grade given. 7.4 Smoothness appearance 7.4.1 Mount the test spec
39、imen on the viewing board as illustrated in Figure 1, with the fabric length in the vertical direction. Place the most similar three-dimensional plastic replicas (5.5) on each side of the test specimen to facilitate comparative rating. 7.4.2 Although the 3D smoothness appearance (SA) replicas (5.5)
40、were cast from woven fabrics, it is understood that these wrinkled surfaces do not duplicate all possibilities of fabric surfaces. The replicas shall be used as guides that represent various levels of fabric smoothness or freedom from wrinkles. The observer should mentally integrate the degree and f
41、requency of wrinkles in the specimen in order to determine a level of smoothness that can be identified with the SA replica number which most closely represents that smoothness appearance level (see Table 1). 7.4.3 Assign the numerical grade of the replica which most closely matches the smoothness a
42、ppearance of the test specimen, or assign a grade midway between those whole-number standards which have no half- number standards separating them (SA-1,5; SA-2,5; SA-4,5) if the appearance of the test specimen warrants it. -,-,- ISO 15487:2009(E) 8 ISO 2009 All rights reserved 7.4.4 An SA-5 grade i
43、s equivalent to the SA-5 replica and represents the smoothest appearance, while an SA-1 replica represents very poor appearance. Table 1 Fabric smoothness grades by SA replica equivalents Grade Description SA-5 Equivalent to the SA-5 replica. Very smooth, pressed, finished appearance. SA-4 Equivalen
44、t to the SA-4 replica. Smooth, finished appearance. SA-3,5 Equivalent to the SA-3,5 replica. Fairly smooth but non-pressed appearance. SA-3 Equivalent to the SA-3 replica. Mussed, non-pressed appearance. SA-2 Equivalent to the SA-2 replica. Rumpled, obviously wrinkled appearance. SA-1 Equivalent to
45、the SA-1 replica. Crumpled, creased and severely wrinkled appearance. 7.4.5 If dryer creases are present on any specimens to be evaluated, take care in rating the specimens. Some dryer creases can be disregarded (commonly called “reading out”). When the grade of a dryer-creased specimen differs from
46、 the other specimens by more than one grade, the test should be repeated with new specimens, taking all precautions to avoid the occurrence of dryer creases. 7.5 Appearance of seams 7.5.1 Mount the test specimen on the viewing board as illustrated in Figure 1 with the seam in the vertical direction.
47、 Place the appropriate single- or double-needle standard seam smoothness (SS) replicas beside the specimen in order to facilitate comparative rating. 7.5.2 Confine observations to the area influenced by the seam and disregard the appearance of the surrounding fabric. 7.5.3 Assign the numerical grade
48、 of the photographic standard (5.4) that most closely matches the appearance of the seam in the test specimen. 7.5.4 A seam smoothness grade of SS-5 is equivalent to the appearance of Standard No. 5, the best level of seam appearance; a seam smoothness grade of SS-1 is equivalent to that of Standard No. 1, which represents a very poor level of seam appearance. 7.6 Appearance of creases 7.6.1 Mount the test specimen on the viewing board as illustrated in Figure 2 with the crease in the vertical direction