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1、Reference number ISO 15165:2001(E) ISO 2001 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15165 First edition 2001-10-15 Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) Classification system Cramiques techniques Systme de classification Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided b
2、y IHS under license with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/04/2007 02:07:54 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 15165:2001(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes lic
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5、een taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2001 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be rep
6、roduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 ? CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41
7、22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.ch Web www.iso.ch Printed in Switzerland ii ISO 2001 All rights reserved Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/04/2
8、007 02:07:54 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 15165:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights reservediii ContentsPage Foreword.iv Introduction.v 1Scope 1 2Normative references1 3Terms and definitions .2 4Objectives.2 5Individual classification fields3 6Construction of
9、 a complete classification code.13 Annex A (normative) Application classification field15 Annex B (normative) Chemical character descriptor field35 Annex C (informative) Processing classification field 60 Annex D (normative) Property data classification field 65 Annex E (informative) Bibliography to
10、 annex D.74 Bibliography79 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/04/2007 02:07:54 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 15165:2001
11、(E) iv ISO 2001 All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body i
12、nterested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechn
13、ical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Public
14、ation as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all
15、such patent rights. International Standard ISO 15165 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 206, Fine ceramics. Annexes A, B and D form a normative part of this International Standard. Annexes C and E are for information only. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by
16、IHS under license with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/04/2007 02:07:54 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 15165:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights reservedv Introduction The detail of the classification system has been
17、developed by international collaboration under the auspices of VAMAS Technical Working Area 14, and with support from the Commission of the European Communities, ASTM Institute of Standards Research and the Japan Fine Ceramics Association. Its construction has followed an international survey of req
18、uirements amongst manufacturing and user industries 1, discussions at an international workshop at Ispra, Italy, June 19902, a consultants study3, and a final report of the work of VAMAS TWA144. The use of this International Standard has been reviewed by VAMAS TWA14 in an international project to te
19、st and demonstrate it. Based on the findings of this work, modifications agreed by VAMAS have been made to the original VAMAS Report4. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale,
20、04/04/2007 02:07:54 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/04/2007 02:07:54 MDTNo reproduction or
21、 networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- INTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO 15165:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights reserved1 Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) Classification system 1Scope This International Standard describes a system by which fine ceramics (advanced ceram
22、ics, advanced technical ceramics) (see clause 3) may be classified. The system has been devised to cover all types of fine ceramics in the form of inorganic precursors for ceramic powder production, powders, granular forms, fibres, whiskers, platelets, single crystals, consolidated polycrystalline c
23、eramics, amorphous (glassy) and composite materials and components in block, thin film and coating forms. The structure of the classification is coded to be machine readable. The classification system does not cover: a)elemental carbon, except for specific ceramic forms such as diamond, vitreous car
24、bon or chemical vapour deposited (CVD) graphite; b)elemental silicon, elemental germanium and other elemental or compound semi-metallic substances other than when they form an integral component of or precoursor for fine ceramics; c)traditional ceramics based on clay, including: 1)whitewares (e.g. t
25、ableware and fine porcelain); 2)sanitary wares; 3)floor and wall tiles; 4)building ceramics (e.g. bricks and pipes); d)unshaped and shaped refractories for tonnage applications. This International Standard does not specifically cover hardmetal (cemented carbide) products, or products which are mainl
26、y glassy, but the system can, in principle, be extended to cover such products. Its mode of use will be determined by the objective behind its use. It is not the purpose of this International Standard to define how the system shall be used, but examples are given of how it might be used. The user is
27、 able to define the coding combination and the level of detail to suit a particular purpose. This International Standard provides only a flexible framework and a recommended international coding system within which this might be done. 2Normative references The following normative documents contain p
28、rovisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to invest
29、igate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. IEC 60672-2, Ceramic
30、and glass insulating materials Part 2: Methods of test IEC 60672-3, Ceramic and glass insulating materials Part 3: Specifications for individual materials Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Ber
31、nie Not for Resale, 04/04/2007 02:07:54 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 15165:2001(E) 2 ISO 2001 All rights reserved 3Terms and definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 fine ceramic (adva
32、nced ceramic, advanced technical ceramic) highly engineered, high-performance, predominantly non-metallic, inorganic, ceramic material having specific functional attributes NOTEOther terms which in whole or in part cover the scope of the above expression are in common use. The above term is the pref
33、erred one in all circumstances. 3.2 classification field set of categories related to one independent aspect or feature of the classification 3.3 classification element single category in a classification field 3.4 code alphanumeric string with a prescribed definition in terms of material attributes
34、 3.5 coding element part of the alphanumeric code from one classification field 4Objectives This International Standard provides a framework wherein fine ceramic (advanced ceramic, advanced technical ceramic) products and materials can be classified for a variety of purposes including commercial sta
35、tistics, market surveys, materials identification, coding and data bases. The present range of products that is encompassed by the term “fine ceramics” or its synonyms “advanced ceramics” or “advanced technical ceramics”, or others, is enormous in breadth and complex in chemical character, form and
36、property attributes. Normally there are close interlinks between these factors. It has therefore been impossible to devise a single hierarchical system, such as that used in IEC 60672-3 for electrotechnical ceramics for insulators or that in the Harmonised Commodity Description and Coding System for
37、 goods or derivatives thereof. The system developed and incorporated into this International Standard is novel in many respects in order to encompass all foreseen requirements and purposes, and all raw and manufactured materials and applications, i.e. it has great flexibility. For these purposes, an
38、 adequate classification of the diversity of materials and products in various stages of manufacture may require the linking of chemical composition, form, processing method, material properties and applications in any required combination. The system described in this International Standard has the
39、 capability of classifying fine (advanced, advanced technical) ceramics by any combination of these fields in any sequence for any desired purpose. The fields are described individually in the following sections. Annexes A, B, C and D provide a coding method for each classification field of the syst
40、em. The user should select from the classification fields those relevant to his requirement, and place these in an order prescribed for the particular purpose. Some possible combinations are described in clause 6. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license
41、 with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/04/2007 02:07:54 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 15165:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights reserved3 5Individual classification fields 5.1Introduction Since the intention is to pro
42、vide a means of classifying any combination of fields in any sequence appropriate to user needs, each field is separately identified by a unique initial letter code: ?A = application ?C = chemical character ?P = processing methods ?D = property characteristic or data The form of the product is close
43、ly related to chemical character and is incorporated into the chemistry code. If appropriate, additional classification fields may be added in the same way. In each case these should be identifiable in a coding string by a unique initial letter code. For the purposes of computer recognition, a stric
44、t sequence of classification elements is not required, but for other purposes, such as manual preparation of trade statistics or material specifications, the sequence of classification elements should be chosen and fixed as preferred. In the following description of code structures, the variable cha
45、racters used in the code are: ?X = any appropriate single capital letter coding character ?n = any appropriate single numeric coding character 5.2Classification field for application type The initial character to denote the start of the “Application” string is “A”. This is followed by a three-digit
46、number code as listed in annex A for the application areas. In the list, applications are initially separated into a hierarchical series of areas by the principal functions of the product as defined by: ?electrical insulation, i.e. insulators for a wide variety of purposes; ?electronic/ionic conduct
47、ion, i.e. electronic or ionic conductors for heating or functional purposes; ?mechanical functions, including wear, at or near room temperature; ?thermal and thermomechanical functions, where dimensional stability at raised temperature, heat insulation, heat conduction or resistance to thermal shock
48、 are the principal functions, and where additionally mechanical loads may be applied; ?nuclear functions, where the component plays either an active or a passive nuclear role; ?optical functions, where the component plays a functional role as an optical element in reflection, refraction, transmission or absorption of electromagnetic radiation; ?chemical functions, including biomedical, where the component is employed for handling melts, chemicals, solutions or atmospheres because of its re