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1、 Reference number ISO 13373-1:2002(E) ISO 2002 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13373-1 First edition 2002-02-15 Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines Vibration condition monitoring Part 1: General procedures Surveillance des conditions et diagnostic des machines Surveillance relative aux condi
2、tions des vibrations Partie 1: Procdures gnrales Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/06/2007 23:30:39 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,
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6、ss given below. ISO 2002 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs
7、member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.ch Web www.iso.ch Printed in Switzerland ii ISO 2002 All rights reserved Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provi
8、ded by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/06/2007 23:30:39 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 13373-1:2002(E) ISO 2002 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword.iv Introduction.v 1 Scope1 2 Norm
9、ative references2 3 Terms and definitions .2 4 Vibration condition monitoring2 4.1 General2 4.2 Types of vibration condition monitoring systems.2 4.3 Data collection .3 4.4 Condition monitoring programme .5 5 Measurements7 5.1 General7 5.2 Types of measurements7 5.3 Measurement quantities14 5.4 Meas
10、urement accuracy and repeatability.15 6 Transducers .16 6.1 Transducer types.16 6.2 Transducer selection.16 6.3 Transducer attachment.20 7 Data presentation formats21 7.1 General21 7.2 Baseline measurements21 7.3 Vibration trending23 7.4 Discrete-frequency vibration28 7.5 Analysis of high-frequency
11、vibration envelope .30 8 Data analysis and communication.30 Annex A (informative) Guidelines for types and locations of measurements31 Annex B (informative) Typical information to be recorded.37 Annex C (informative) Potential causes of vibration excitations.39 Annex D (informative) Conventions for
12、identifying vibration measurement locations .42 Bibliography50 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/06/2007 23:30:39 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license
13、 from IHS -,-,- ISO 13373-1:2002(E) iv ISO 2002 All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technica
14、l committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely wit
15、h the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft Inter
16、national Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this part of ISO
17、13373 may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 13373-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 108, Mechanical vibration and shock, Subcommittee SC 2, Measurement and evaluation of mechanical vibration and shock as a
18、pplied to machines, vehicles and structures. ISO 13373 consists of the following parts, under the general title Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines Vibration condition monitoring: Part 1: General procedures Part 2: Data processing, analysis, diagnostics, display and general vibration An
19、nexes A, B, C and D of this part of ISO 13373 are for information only. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/06/2007 23:30:39 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted withou
20、t license from IHS -,-,- ISO 13373-1:2002(E) ISO 2002 All rights reserved v Introduction The principal purpose of vibration condition monitoring of machinery is to provide information on the operating condition of the machine for protection and predictive maintenance. An integral part of this proces
21、s is the evaluation of the vibratory condition of the machine over operating time. The purpose of this part of ISO 13373 is to promote the use of well-accepted guidelines for acquiring and evaluating vibration measurements for condition monitoring. In contrast to vibration testing used strictly for
22、diagnostic or acceptance purposes, condition monitoring involves the acquisition of data which can be compared over a span of time, and emphasizes the changes in vibration behaviour rather than any particular behaviour by itself. Changes in vibration behaviour may typically be caused by changes in b
23、alance, changes in alignment, wear of or damage to journals or anti-friction bearings, gear or coupling defects, cracks in the critical components, operational transients, fluid-flow disturbances in hydraulic machinery, transient excitations in electric machinery, rubbing, and mechanical looseness.
24、Vibration condition monitoring can provide information for the following purposes: to increase equipment protection; to improve safety for personnel; to improve maintenance procedures; to detect problems early; to avoid catastrophic failures; to extend equipment life; to enhance operations. Vibratio
25、n measurements for condition monitoring may take many forms from the very simple to the very complex, and can include continuous or periodic measurements. However, they all share the common goal of accurately and reliably assessing the condition of machinery. The instrumentation and procedures recom
26、mended in this part of ISO 13373 will assist in achieving that goal. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/06/2007 23:30:39 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without l
27、icense from IHS -,-,- ISO 13373-1:2002(E) vi ISO 2002 All rights reserved The measurement methods described in this part of ISO 13373 reflect current common methods of measurements utilizing seismic and non-contacting vibration transducers. However, it is recognized that other methods of assessing t
28、he vibration condition of machines are in development. Although not included at this time, this part of ISO 13373 does not preclude the use of such measurement techniques. ISO/TC 108 is at present also in the process of developing new International Standards on the subject of Machinery Diagnostics.
29、These International Standards are intended to provide guidance on the overall monitoring of the “health” of machines, including factors such as vibration, tribology, oil purity and thermography. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=
30、NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/06/2007 23:30:39 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13373-1:2002(E) ISO 2002 All rights reserved 1 Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines Vibration condition monitorin
31、g Part 1: General procedures 1 Scope This part of ISO 13373 provides general guidelines for the measurement and data collection functions of machinery vibration for condition monitoring. It is intended to promote consistency of measurement procedures and practices, which usually concentrate on rotat
32、ing machines. Because of the diversity of approaches to condition monitoring, recommendations specific to a particular kind of monitoring programme will be addressed in additional parts of ISO 13373. This part of ISO 13373 is a basic document which presents recommendations of a general nature, encom
33、passing measurement methods, measurement parameters, transducer selection, transducer location, transducer attachment, data collection, machine operating conditions, vibration monitoring systems, signal conditioning systems, interfaces with data-processing systems, continuous monitoring, and periodi
34、c monitoring. The vibratory conditions of a machine can be monitored by vibration measurements on the bearing or housing structure and/or by vibration measurements of the rotating elements of the machine. In addition, measurements can be continuous or non-continuous. This part of ISO 13373 provides
35、guidance on the types of measurements recommended in both the continuous and the non-continuous modes. It is emphasized that this part of ISO 13373 addresses only the procedures for vibration condition monitoring of machines. In many cases, the complete condition monitoring and diagnostics of a mach
36、ine can also include other parameters, such as thermography, oil analysis, ferrography, process variations, temperatures and pressures. These non-vibratory parameters will be included in other International Standards. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under lic
37、ense with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/06/2007 23:30:39 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 13373-1:2002(E) 2 ISO 2002 All rights reserved This part of ISO 13373 covers rotating machines. However, many of the procedur
38、es included can be applied to other types of machines, for example reciprocating machines. 2 Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of ISO 13373. For dated references, subsequent amendments t
39、o, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this part of ISO 13373 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the
40、normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 1925, Mechanical vibration Balancing Vocabulary ISO 2041, Vibration and shock Vocabulary ISO 7919-1, Mechanical vibration of non-reciprocating machines Measurements on ro
41、tating shafts and evaluation criteria Part 1: General guidelines ISO 10816-1, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 1: General guidelines 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this part of ISO 13373, the terms and definitions given in I
42、SO 1925 and ISO 2041 apply. 4 Vibration condition monitoring 4.1 General Vibration monitoring is conducted to assist in the evaluation of the “health” of the machine during sustained operation. Depending on the machine type and the critical components to be monitored, one or more measurement paramet
43、ers, and a suitable monitoring system, have to be selected. The objective of such a programme is to recognize an “unhealthy” condition in sufficient time to take remedial action before certain defects in the machine parts significantly decrease equipment operation or projected machine life, or fail
44、completely, thereby establishing a cost-effective maintenance plan. Several types of condition monitoring systems are described below; depending on the machine, the machines condition and other factors, any one of the systems, or combinations thereof, may be selected. 4.2 Types of vibration conditio
45、n monitoring systems 4.2.1 General Condition monitoring systems take many forms. They utilize permanently installed, semi-permanent or portable measuring equipment. A decision to select the appropriate measuring system depends upon a number of factors, such as criticality of the machine operation, c
46、ost of machine down-time, cost of catastrophic failure, cost of the machine, Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/06/2007 23:30:39 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted w
47、ithout license from IHS -,-,- ISO 13373-1:2002(E) ISO 2002 All rights reserved 3 rate of progress of the failure mode, accessibility for repair/maintenance (e.g. in nuclear plants or other remote locations), accessibility of the appropriate measurement positions, quality of the measurement/diagnosti
48、c system, operational modes of the machine (e.g. speed, power), cost of the monitoring system, safety, and environmental impacts. 4.2.2 Permanently installed systems This type of system is one in which the transducers, signal conditioners, data-processing and data-storage equipment are permanently installed. Data may be collected either continuously or periodically. The application of