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1、 Reference number ISO 1872-2:2007(E) ISO 2007 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 1872-2 Third edition 2007-02-01 Plastics Polyethylene (PE) moulding and extrusion materials Part 2: Preparation of test specimens and determination of properties Plastiques Polythylne (PE) pour moulage et extrusion Partie 2: Pr
2、paration des prouvettes et dtermination des proprits ISO 1872-2:2007(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and inst
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5、please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2007 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in wri
6、ting from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2007 All rights reserved -,-,- IS
7、O 1872-2:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved iii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each
8、 member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the Internationa
9、l Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
10、 adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
11、 patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 1872-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 9, Thermoplastic materials. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 1872-2:1997), which has bee
12、n technically revised, and incorporates Amendment Amd.1:2000. ISO 1872 consists of the following parts, under the general title Plastics Polyethylene (PE) moulding and extrusion materials: Part 1: Designation system and basis for specifications Part 2: Preparation of test specimens and determination
13、 of properties -,-,- INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 1872-2:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved 1 Plastics Polyethylene (PE) moulding and extrusion materials Part 2: Preparation of test specimens and determination of properties 1 Scope This part of ISO 1872 specifies the methods of preparation of test s
14、pecimens and the test methods to be used in determining the properties of polyethylene (PE) moulding and extrusion materials. Requirements for handling test material and for conditioning both the test material before moulding and the specimens before testing are given. Procedures and conditions for
15、the preparation of test specimens and procedures for measuring properties of the materials from which these specimens are made are also given. Properties and test methods that are suitable and necessary to characterize PE moulding and extrusion materials are listed. The properties have been selected
16、 from the general test methods in ISO 10350-1. Other test methods in wide use for or of particular significance to these moulding and extrusion materials are also included in this part of ISO 1872, as are the designatory properties specified in ISO 1872-1. In order to obtain reproducible and compara
17、ble test results, it is necessary to use the methods of preparation and conditioning, the specimen dimensions and the test procedures specified herein. Values determined will not necessarily be identical to those obtained using specimens of different dimensions or prepared using different procedures
18、. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 62, Plastics Determi
19、nation of water absorption ISO 75-2, Plastics Determination of temperature of deflection under load Part 2: Plastics and ebonite ISO 178, Plastics Determination of flexural properties ISO 179-1, Plastics Determination of Charpy impact properties Part 1: Non-instrumented impact test ISO 179-2, Plasti
20、cs Determination of Charpy impact properties Part 2: Instrumented impact test ISO 293, Plastics Compression moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials ISO 294-1, Plastics Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials Part 1: General principles, and moulding of multipurpo
21、se and bar test specimens -,-,- ISO 1872-2:2007(E) 2 ISO 2007 All rights reserved ISO 294-3, Plastics Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials Part 3: Small plates ISO 294-4, Plastics Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials Part 4: Determination of moul
22、ding shrinkage ISO 527-2, Plastics Determination of tensile properties Part 2: Test conditions for moulding and extrusion plastics ISO 899-1, Plastics Determination of creep behaviour Part 1: Tensile creep ISO 1133:2005, Plastics Determination of the melt mass-flow rate (MFR) and the melt volume-flo
23、w rate (MVR) of thermoplastics ISO 1183-1, Plastics Methods for determining the density of non-cellular plastics Part 1: Immersion method, liquid pyknometer method and titration method ISO 1183-2, Plastics Methods for determining the density of non-cellular plastics Part 2: Density gradient column m
24、ethod ISO 1183-3, Plastics Methods for determining the density of non-cellular plastics Part 3: Gas pyknometer method ISO 1628-3, Plastics Determination of the viscosity of polymers in dilute solution using capillary viscometers Part 3: Polyethylenes and polypropylenes ISO 1872-1:1993, Plastics Poly
25、ethylene (PE) moulding and extrusion materials Part 1: Designation system and basis for specifications ISO 2818, Plastics Preparation of test specimens by machining ISO 3167, Plastics Multipurpose test specimens ISO 4589-2, Plastics Determination of burning behaviour by oxygen index Part 2: Ambient-
26、temperature test ISO 6603-2, Plastics Determination of puncture impact behaviour of rigid plastics Part 2: Instrumented impact testing ISO 8256, Plastics Determination of tensile-impact strength ISO 10350-1, Plastics Acquisition and presentation of comparable single-point data Part 1: Moulding mater
27、ials (Under revision) ISO 11357-2, Plastics Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) Part 2: Determination of glass transition temperature ISO 11357-3, Plastics Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) Part 3: Determination of temperature and enthalpy of melting and crystallization ISO 11359-2, Plasti
28、cs Thermomechanical analysis (TMA) Part 2: Determination of coefficient of linear thermal expansion and glass transition temperature ISO 16770, Plastics Determination of environmental stress cracking (ESC) of polyethylene Full-notch creep test (FNCT) IEC 60093, Methods of test for volume resistivity
29、 and surface resistivity of solid electrical insulating materials IEC 60112, Method for the determination of the proof and the comparative tracking indices of solid insulating materials -,-,- ISO 1872-2:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved 3 IEC 60243-1, Electrical strength of insulating materials T
30、est methods Part 1: Tests at power frequencies IEC 60250, Recommended methods for the determination of the permittivity and dielectric dissipation factor of electrical insulating materials at power, audio and radio frequencies including metre wavelengths IEC 60296, Fluids for electrotechnical applic
31、ations Unused mineral insulating oils for transformers and switchgears IEC 60695-11-10, Fire hazard testing Part 11-10: Test flames 50 W horizontal and vertical flame test methods ASTM D 638, Standard test method for tensile properties of plastics ASTM D 1693, Standard test method for environmental
32、stress-cracking of ethylene plastics 3 Preparation of test specimens It is essential that specimens are always prepared by the same procedure (either injection moulding or compression moulding), using the same processing conditions. The procedure to be used for each test method is indicated in Table
33、s 3 and 4 (M = injection moulding, Q = compression moulding). 3.1 Treatment of the material before moulding No pre-treatment of the material sample is normally necessary before processing. 3.2 Injection moulding Injection moulding of test specimens is used for PE moulding materials having a melt mas
34、s-flow rate of W 1 g/10 min, determined in accordance with ISO 1133:2005 using set of test conditions D (190 C/2,16 kg). Injection-moulded specimens shall be prepared in accordance with ISO 294-1 or ISO 294-3, using the conditions specified in Table 1. It has been found that type A bar test specimen
35、s (prepared in accordance with ISO 3167) give better precision than type B (injection-moulded directly to their final dimensions) and so the use of this geometry is preferable. NOTE Details of the work can be found at: on the SC9 server. (11 Round-robin test results: Technical report. Comparison of
36、precision data for two types of bar test specimens formed in PP and PE.) An appropriate hold pressure, consistent with the production of blemish-free mouldings, shall be used. Table 1 Conditions for injection moulding of test specimens Material Melt temperature Mould temperature Average injection ve
37、locity Cooling time Total cycle time C C mm/s s s MFR W 1 g/10 min 210 40 100 20 35 5 40 5 -,-,- ISO 1872-2:2007(E) 4 ISO 2007 All rights reserved 3.3 Compression moulding Compression moulding is used for materials with a melt mass-flow rate of 10 %: test speed 50 mm/min 2.8 Etc1 At 1 h 2.9 Tensile
38、creep modulus Etc103 ISO 899-1 ISO 3167 MPa At 1 000 h Strain u 0,5 % 2.10 Flexural modulus Ef ISO 178 80 10 4 MPa Test speed 2 mm/min 2.11 Charpy notched impact strength acA ISO 179-1 or ISO 179-2 80 10 4 Machined V-notch, r = 0,25 Edgewise impact, method 1eA. Also record type of failure. 2.12 Tens
39、ile notched impact strength atI ISO 8256 80 10 4 Machined double V-notch, r = 1 kJ/m2 Only to be quoted if fracture cannot be obtained with notched Charpy test. 2.13 Puncture energy WP J 2.14 Maximum puncture force FM ISO 6603-2 60 60 2 M/Q N Striker velocity 4,4 m/s Striker diameter 20 mm Support r
40、ing diameter 40 mm Lubricate the striker. Clamp the specimen sufficiently to prevent any out of plane movement of its outer regions. -,-,- ISO 1872-2:2007(E) 6 ISO 2007 All rights reserved Table 3 (continued) Property Symbol Inter- national Standard Specimen type (dimensions in mm) Specimen preparat
41、ion a Unit Test conditions and supplementary instructions 3 Thermal properties 3.1 Melting temperature Tm ISO 11357-3 Record peak melting temperature. Use 10 C/min rise and fall. 3.2 Glass transition temperature Tg ISO 11357-2 Moulding compound C Record midpoint temperature. Use 10 C/min rise and fa
42、ll. 3.3 3.4 Temperature of deflection under load Tf 1,8 Tf 0,45 ISO 75-2 80 10 4 C Maximum surface stress (MPa) 1,8 0,45 Use flatwise loading. 3.5 p Parallel 3.6 Coefficient of linear thermal expansion n ISO 11359-2 Prepared from ISO 3167 C1 Transverse Record the secant value over the temperature ra
43、nge 23 C to 55 C. 3.7 B50/1,5 125 13 1,5 3.8 Burning behaviour B50/h IEC 60695-11-10 Other thickness h greater than 1,5 mm Record one of the classifications V-0, V-1, V-2, HB, HB40 or HB75. 3.9 Oxygen index ISO 4589-2 80 10 4 M/Q % Use procedure A (top surface ignition). 4 Electrical properties c 4.
44、1 r 100 100 Hz 4.2 Relative permittivity r 1M 1 MHz 4.3 tan 100 100 Hz 4.4 Dissipation factor tan 1M IEC 60250 1 MHz Compensate for electrode edge effects. 4.5 Volume resistivity e m Value at 1 min 4.6 Surface resistivity e IEC 60093 W 60 W 60 2 Voltage 500 V Use contacting line electrodes 1 mm to 2
45、 mm wide, 50 mm long and 5 mm apart. 4.7 Electric strength EB1 IEC 60243-1 W 60 W 60 1kV/mm Use 20 mm diameter spherical electrodes. Immerse in transformer oil in accordance with IEC 60296. Use a voltage application rate of 2 kV/s. 4.8 Comparative tracking index CTI-A IEC 60112 W 20 W 20 4 Q Use sol
46、ution A. 5 Other properties 5.1 ww Saturation value in water at 23 C 5.2 Water absorption wH ISO 62 60 60 1 M/Q % Equilibrium value at 23 C, 50 % RH 5.3 Density ISO 1183-1 or ISO 1183-2 or ISO 1183-3 Q kg/m3 For comparison purposes only. Not to be used for specifications. a M = Injection moulding, Q
47、 = Compression moulding b Reference: P. Zoller, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 23, 1979, pp. 1051-1061. c Electrical properties are generally affected by the relative humidity. So, they must be measured in a standard atmosphere of 23 C 2 C and (50 10)% relative humidity. -,-,- ISO 1872-2:2007(E
48、) ISO 2007 All rights reserved 7 Table 4 Additional properties and test conditions of particular utility to PE moulding and extrusion materials Property Symbol Inter- national Standard Specimen type (dimensions in mm) Specimen preparationa Unit Test conditions and supplementary instructions 1 Mechanical properti