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1、 Reference number ISO 16155:2006(E) ISO 2006 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16155 First edition 2006-04-15 Ships and marine technology Computer applications Shipboard loading instruments Navires et technologie maritime Applications informatiques Instruments de chargement embarqus Copyright International
2、 Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/20/2007 03:29:51 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 16155:2006(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded ty
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5、timized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2006 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified,
6、no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case pos
7、tale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2006 All rights reserved Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/
8、9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/20/2007 03:29:51 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 16155:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references. 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Abbreviated terms 2
9、5 Categories of loading instrument . 2 6 Minimum requirements for Category A functions. 4 7 Minimum requirements for Category B functions. 5 8 General loading software requirements. 6 9 Hardware requirements 6 10 Documentation and training requirements 7 11 Elements in user interface design 8 12 Int
10、erfaces with other shipboard systems. 9 13 Standards for accuracy of calculations and verification checks required. 9 14 Integration of a loading instrument within the ship owners organization. 10 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO License
11、e=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/20/2007 03:29:51 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 16155:2006(E) iv ISO 2006 All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of natio
12、nal standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. Internati
13、onal organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rul
14、es given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at
15、least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 16155 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC
16、8, Ships and marine technology, Subcommittee SC 10, Computer applications. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/20/2007 03:29:51 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted wit
17、hout license from IHS -,-,- ISO 16155:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved v Introduction A computer tool to assess technical operational properties of a ship, such as stability or longitudinal strength, has become more or less standard equipment on board vessels and other floating objects. There is
18、 a great variety of such instruments available, in terms of both calculation method and appearance. This International Standard was developed to guide both producers and shipowners in determining the suitability of a particular instrument. In order to guarantee a minimum quality level, this Internat
19、ional Standard specifies certain minimum requirements for loading instruments; however, it leaves sufficient freedom for producers to apply innovative solutions. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/997254
20、5001 Not for Resale, 04/20/2007 03:29:51 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/20/2007 03:29:51 MDTNo
21、reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16155:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved 1 Ships and marine technology Computer applications Shipboard loading instruments 1 Scope This International Standard is applicable where computer equipment is us
22、ed to perform functions related to loading and associated ship safety issues, such as, but not limited to, intact and damaged stability and longitudinal strength. This International Standard defines requirements on a shipboard loading instrument that are supplementary to IMO MSC/Circ. 836, IMO MSC/C
23、irc. 854, IMO MSC/Circ. 891 and IACS Recommendation No. 48. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (i
24、ncluding any amendments) applies. IACS Recommendation No. 48, Recommendations on Loading Instruments IEC 61996:2000, Maritime navigation and radiocommunication equipment and systems Shipborne voyage data recorder (VDR) Performance requirements Methods of testing and required test results IMO Resolut
25、ion A.739(18), Guidelines for the authorization of organizations acting on behalf of the Administration IMO Resolution A.789(19), Specifications on the survey and certification functions of recognized organizations acting on behalf of the Administration IMO MSC/Circ. 836, Recommendation on loading i
26、nstruments IMO MSC/Circ. 854, Guidelines for shipboard loading and stability computer programs IMO MSC/Circ. 891, Guidelines for the on-board use and application of computers IMO MSC/Circ. 920, Model loading and stability manual 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the followin
27、g terms and definitions apply. 3.1 direct calculation first-principles calculation physics-based calculation which involves only primary entities of the ship, such as loading, hull geometry, internal geometry (e.g. holds and compartments) and the shape of sounding pipes Copyright International Organ
28、ization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/20/2007 03:29:51 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 16155:2006(E) 2 ISO 2006 All rights reserved 3.2 loading instrument inst
29、rument consisting of loading software, hardware and probably also an operating system, which in their combination can determine characteristics and properties related to a particular loading of a particular vessel or other floating object 3.3 loading software software consisting of a combination of
30、computer instructions and preprogrammed static data of a particular vessel or object in question 3.4 hardware at least a central processing unit, means for permanent storage and means for input and output NOTE Hardware can be stand-alone, or form part of a computer network. 4 Abbreviated terms COG c
31、entre of gravity FSM free surface moment KMT transverse metacentre above base line KG or VCG vertical centre of gravity above base line KG or VCG virtual vertical centre of gravity above base line (corrected for free surface effects) GMT transverse metacentric height (corrected for free surface effe
32、cts) Lpp length between perpendiculars LCG longitudinal centre of gravity TCG transverse centre of gravity TEU twenty foot equivalent unit 5 Categories of loading instrument 5.1 Categories of functions This International Standard should be applicable for all types of instrument, which will be suitab
33、le for a variety of purposes; therefore, segregation into categories of functions, each for different purposes, is made. 5.1.1 Category A functions are designed and intended for basic calculations and analysis. Its information generating capacities are comparable with information and calculations wh
34、ich can be made with a traditional Loading and Stability Manual. Examples of functions are upright hydrostatics; draft and trim; Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/20/2007 0
35、3:29:51 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 16155:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved 3 verify transverse metacentric height GMT against the minimum required GMT (or the KG against the maximum allowable KG), based on intact stability requirements; verify tr
36、ansverse metacentric height GMT against one or more enveloped minimum required GMT values (or the KG against one or more enveloped maximum allowable KG values), based on damage stability criteria; intact stability; tank soundings/volumes. 5.1.2 Category B functions are designed and intended for calc
37、ulations and analysis which extend beyond calculations or information which can be made with standard Loading and Stability Manuals. Examples of functions are intact or damaged longitudinal strength; intact stability for extreme conditions (e.g. draft, trim, or list outside the range of the tables a
38、s included in the Loading and Stability Manual); damage stability calculations, to verify whether an actual loading condition complies with statutory requirements; damage stability calculations, in order to assess sinkage, heel, trim and residual stability for an actual loading and damage case; exac
39、t determination of tank contents, taking into account effects of list and trim; advise on countermeasures for actual damage situations, intended to improve residual stability, bending moments, etc. 5.1.3 Category C functions fulfil auxiliary roles, within the framework of a loading instrument. Examp
40、les are container loading utilities; grain loading utilities; utilities to create voyage-/cargo-specific loading plans for chemical parcel tankers, taking into account chemical compatibility data; tank-/cargo-expansion effects, due to temperature variations, for oil and oil product tankers; roll-on
41、roll-off (RoRo) loading utilities. 5.2 Categories of instrument Loading instruments may contain combinations of function categories. EXAMPLE An instrument might contain an intact stability function (which is comparable with the function of the Loading and Stability Manual, and hence of Category A),
42、a longitudinal strength function (which is by its nature beyond Loading and Stability Manual level, and hence of Category B) and a container loading module (which is auxiliary, of Category C). The instruments shall be categorized by the combinations of categories of functions it can perform. In the
43、above example, it would be A/B/C. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/20/2007 03:29:51 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 16155:200
44、6(E) 4 ISO 2006 All rights reserved 5.3 Marking of categories The documentation of a loading instrument shall clearly state which functions it performs; the category standard to which those functions are performed. 6 Minimum requirements for Category A functions 6.1 Minimum calculations required Cat
45、egory A instruments shall, as a minimum, perform the following functions: determination of displacement, deadweight, centre of gravity and free surface moments; calculation of draft, list and trim; calculation of an intact stability curve (including free surface effects), for a range of angles of in
46、clination which is sufficient for the appropriate stability regulation for the specific vessel; verify the intact stability against the appropriate stability regulation for the specific vessel by at least one of the following methods: 1) verify transverse metacentric height (corrected for free surfa
47、ce effects) GMT against the minimum required GMT (or the KG against the maximum allowable KG), based on all intact stability criteria; 2) calculate all stability parameters which are relevant for all intact stability criteria (so, including a possible wind/weather criterion), and check those paramet
48、ers against the critical values; deliver a conclusion about compliance with the intact and damage stability criteria. 6.2 Protection of predefined tables When Category A functions are performed on the basis of precalculated and predefined tables, provisions shall be made which protect those tables from deliberate or involuntary modifications. 6.3 Interpolation and extrapolati