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1、INTERNATIONAL STANDARD IS0 10834 First edition 1992-11-15 Textile floor coverings - Non-destructive measurement of pile thickness above the backing - WRONZ gauge method Revetements de sol textiles - Mesurage non destructif de lbpaisseur du velours au-dessus du soubassement - M6thode de la jauge WROM
2、Z - - - Reference number IS0 10834:1992(E) IS0 10834:1992(E) Foreword IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through IS0 technical commi
3、ttees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, govern- mental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. IS0 collaborates closely with the
4、 International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an tnter- nationat Standard requires approvat by at least 75 % of the
5、member bodies casting a vote. International Standard IS0 10834 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 38, Textiles, Sub-Committee SC 12, Textile floor coverings. Annex A of this International Standard is for information only. 0 IS0 1992 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be rep
6、roduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher. international Orga nization for Standardization Case Postale 56 l CH-3 21 1 Geneve 20 l Switzerland Printed in Switzerland ii Textile flo
7、or coverings - Non-destructive measurement of pile thickness above the backing - WRONZ gauge method 1 scope This International Standard specifies a method for the measurement of the thickness of pile above the backing of a textile floor covering and is applicable to all textile floor coverings havin
8、g a pile of cut or looped yarn. Where areas of different construction or thickness exist, these should be tested separately if possible. This method is non-destructive of the floor covering specimen and is useful particularly for production control in manufacture and for measure- ments on installed
9、carpets. Due to different loading factors, this method and that of IS0 1766, in which the pile fibres are cut from the substrate, may not give identical results. In case of dispute or where maximum accuracy is required, the pile thickness shall be determined by the method of 1SO 1766. Because of thi
10、s, care shall be exercised in com- paring textile floor coverings with different sub- strates when using this gauge. 2 Normative references The following standards conZain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publi- ca
11、tion, the editions indicated were valid. All stan- dards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of ap- plying the most recent editions of the standards in- dicated below. Members of IEC and IS0 maintain re
12、gisters of currently valid International Standards. IS0 139:1973, Textiles - Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing. IS0 1766:1986, Textile floor coverings - Uetermi- nation of thickness of pile above the substrate. i SO 1957: 1986, Machine-made textile floor coverings - Sampling and cutt
13、ing specimens for physical tests. IS0 2424:1992, Textile floor coverings - Vocabulary. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the following definitions apply. 3.1 pile thickness: The distance between the planes of the upper surface of the pile and the upper surface of the bac
14、king when the surfaces are located respectively under conditions of standard pressure and standard loading. NOTE 1 This definition, being related to the instrument described in this international Standard, differs from the definition “effective pile thickness” in IS0 2424. 3.2 standard loading: A no
15、minal force of 735 mN acting on each needle of a probe. 4 Principle The pile thickness is determined by measuring the distance between the planes of the pile surface lo- cated under a standard pressure and the plane of the backing surface located under a standard load- ing. 5 Apparatus 5.1 Measuring
16、 instrument, as illustrated in figure 1, consisting of the following elements: 5.1.1 Plane circular presser foot, of area between 300 mm* and 1 000 mm*, for locating the upper sur- face of the pile under a nominal standard pressure of 2,0 kPa. -,-,- IS0 10834:1992(E) Screw tar attaching the lifting
17、handle Spacer Engineers dial ga “F Threadedsleeve /I- / I ,d , Grub screw Thumbnut Base Studs i I Carpet-pilesurfaceprobe - Needle holders 1 1 1 1 b- Needle probes Screw for attaching the surface probe Figure I - Exploded diagram of the WRONZ pilemthickness gauge IS0 10834:1992(E) 5.1.2 Annular prob
18、e, for locating the upper surface of the backing under standard loading, consisting of six needles with 0,5 mm diameter and 75” tip cone angle (see figure 2), arranged in a circle concentric with the presser foot and with an at least 20 mm larger diameter, the tips of the needles being dis- posed in
19、 a plane parallel to the face of the presser foot with a tolerance of parallelism of 1 in 500. 51.3 Smooth baseplate, of dimensions larger than the probe. 5.1.4 Dial gauge, capable of measuring the dis- placement of the probe and the presser foot to within 0,l mm over a range of 50 mm. 5.1.5 Lifting
20、 handle, attached to the presser foot. 5.2 Straight edge, for example a ruler, for brushing the surface of the specimen. 6 Atmosphere for conditioning and testing Either conduct the test in the environment where the test material is available, i.e. in the place of manu- facture or where the textile
21、floor covering is in- stalled, or conduct the test in one of the standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing of textiles specified in IS0 139. 7 Preparation of test specimens 7.1 Selection Where possible, select the specimens, or areas of textile floor covering to be measured, in accordance wi
22、th the directions in IS0 1957. 7.2 Number, area and location of specimens Prepare sufficient specimens to allow at least 20 measurements to be made. Test specimens shall be at least 120 mm x 120 mm, but they may be of any larger dimensions as required by other tests. Alter- natively, several measure
23、ments may be made on one larger sample or on a textile floor covering in course of manufacture or already installed, provided the centres of the areas in contact with the presser foot are not less than 75 mm apart and 20 mm from an edge and a substantially smooth horizontal sur- face (see 8.2) exist
24、s beneath the test area. Select the specimens from areas well away from distorted parts of the sample. 7.3 Brushing of pile For every situation, whether it concerns textile floor covering specimens in the laboratory, or product in the carpet mill or installed carpet, lightly brush the pile, first ag
25、ainst and then with the direction of pile lean, using the straight edge (5.2). 7.4 Conditioning After brushing, lay each laboratory test specimen flat and condition for a minimum of 24 h in the stan- dard atmosphere selected in accordance with clause 6. 8 Procedure 8.1 Place the measuring instrument
26、 (5.1) such that its probe (5.1.2) and presser foot (5.1.1) contact a smooth, horizontal surface and adjust the dial gauge (5.1.4) to zero. Check that all the needles contact the horizontal surface and renew as necessary. 8.2 Ensure the specimen is lying use-surface up- permost on a smooth horizonta
27、l surface. Dimensions in millimetres, except where otherwise stated Figure 2 - Tip of a tapestry needle -,-,- IS0 10834:1992(E) 8.3 Holding the instrument by the lifting handle (5.1.5), lower it gently on to the specimen and note the gauge reading to the nearest 0,l mm, within 5 s. None of the needl
28、es of the probe shall be within 20 mm of the edge of the specimen when a measurement is made. (When a specimen of more than one thickness level or pile construction is being tested, no part of the presser foot shall be within 20 mm of a change of construction.) The minimum distance between successiv
29、e measurements shall be 25 mm and, where possible, the measurements shall be located on different machine-direction and cross-direction lines. 8.4 Unless otherwise directed in material specifi- cations, make sufficient measurements to ensure that the mean of the values will have confidence limits (p
30、recision) of + 5 % at a probability level of - 95 %. 8.4.1 If the typical coefficient of variation for the style of textile floor covering being tested is reliably known by prior experience, compute the number of measurements required to attain the desired confi- dence limits, using the equation giv
31、en in 8.4.5. 8.4.2 If there is no reliable prior knowledge re- garding the coefficient of variation for the sample style, make IO measurements, 8.4.3 Calculate the mean and the coefficient of variation for the measurements made. Compute the confidence limits CL, expressed as a percentage, using the
32、equation: CL= +tx - II- ?I where t is the appropriate value of Students I; CV is the coefficient of variation, expressed as a percentage; is the number of measurements. NOTE 2 Annex A contains selected values of Students t appropriate for use in the majority of situations that will arise in the use
33、of this test procedure. 8.4.4 If the confidence limits fall within + 5 % (or other specified values), discontinue testing. 8.4.5 If the confidence limits fall outside + 5 % (or other specified values), compute the total number of measurements n required, using the equation: t* x cv* rl = CL2 where t
34、, CV and CL are as defined in 8.4.3. 8.4.6 Make the additional measurements required and, using all values obtained, calculate anew the mean, the coefficient of variation and the confidence limits. 8.4.7 Repeat steps 8.4.4 to 8.4.6 as necessary until the final confidence limits fall within + 5 % (or
35、 other - specified values). 8.5 When a sample of textile floor coverings has distinct regions of different pile level or of different pile types (loop, cut, tip-sheared), test each level or type separately, following the procedure specified in 8.4. 9 Calculation and expression of results For each th
36、ickness level or type of pile construction in the sample, calculate the arithmetic mean and the coefficient of variation of the pile thickness measurements. Record the mean to the nearest 0,I mm. 10 Test report The test report shall include the following particu- lars: a W C d) e) 9 all the informat
37、ion necessary for complete identification of the sample; the date of the test; a reference to this International Standard; for the laboratory test, the standard atmosphere (IS0 139) used and, for tests outside the Iabora- tory, the temperature and relative humidity at the test location, together wit
38、h any other pertinent information regarding the location; for each thickness level or type of pile con- struction in the sample, the arithmetic mean of the pile thickness, the coefficient of variation and the number of measurements made; any operations not specified in this International Standard or
39、 in the International Standards to which reference is made, or regarded as op- tional, which might have affected the results. -,-,- IS0 10834:1992(E) Annex A (informative) Values of Students t for probability level of 95 % and two-sided confidences (i.e. + limits) 21 22 23 24 23 2,069 25 24 2,064 26
40、 25 2,060 27 26 2,056 28 27 2,052 29 28 2,048 30 29 2,045 31 30 2,042 41 61 00 Degrees OT meeaorn 3 3,182 4 2,776 5 2,571 6 2,447 7 2,365 a 2,306 9 2,262 10 2,228 11 2,201 12 2,179 13 2,160 14 2,145 15 2,131 16 2,120 17 2,110 ia 2,101 19 2,093 20 2,086 21 2,080 22 2,074 40 60 2,021 2,000 1,960 -,-,- IS0 10834:1992(E) UDC 645.13-0.37:677.017.224:531.717 Descriptors: textiles, floor coverings, textile floor coverings, pile fabrics, tests, non-destructive tests, thickness measurement. Price based on 5 pages -,-,-