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1、A Reference number Numro de rfrence ISO 1998-4:1998(E/F) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE ISO 1998-4 First edition Premire dition 1998-11-01 Petroleum industry Terminology Part 4: Refining Industrie ptrolire Terminologie Partie 4: Raffinage Copyright International Organization for Standar
2、dization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 22:29:16 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 1998-4:1998(E/F) ISO 1998 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this
3、publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher. / Droits de reproduction rservs. Sauf prescription diffrente, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut tre reprod
4、uite ni utilise sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procd, lectronique ou mcanique, y compris la photocopie et les microfilms, sans laccord crit de lditeur. International Organization for Standardization Case postale 56 CH-1211 Genve 20 Switzerland Internetisoiso.ch Printed in Switzerland/Im
5、prim en Suisse ii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a sub
6、ject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (I
7、EC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. International Sta
8、ndard ISO 1998-4 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 28, Petroleum products and lubricants, Subcommittee SC 1, Terminology. This first edition, together with the other seven parts of ISO 1998, cancels and replaces all of the first edition, which was composed of two parts (ISO 1998-1:1974 and
9、ISO 1998-2:1976). This new edition constitutes a full recast of the standard, with a new classification system for all terms of the two parts of the first edition, which are now distributed in all parts of the new edition, and the addition of many new terms. ISO 1998 consists of the following parts,
10、 under the general title Petroleum industry Terminology: Part 1: Raw materials and products Part 2: Properties and tests Part 3: Exploration and production Part 4: Refining Part 5: Transport, storage, distribution Part 6: Measurement Part 7: Miscellaneous terms Part 99: General and index Copyright I
11、nternational Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 22:29:16 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISOISO 1998-4:1998(E/F) iii Avant-propos LISO (Organisatio
12、n internationale de normalisation) est une fdration mondiale dorganismes nationaux de normalisation (comits membres de lISO). Llaboration des Normes internationales est en gnral confie aux comits techniques de lISO. Chaque comit membre intress par une tude a le droit de faire partie du comit techniq
13、ue cr cet effet. Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en liaison avec lISO participent galement aux travaux. LISO collabore troitement avec la Commission lectrotechnique internationale (CEI) en ce qui concerne la normalisation lectrotechnique. Les projets de N
14、ormes internationales adopts par les comits techniques sont soumis aux comits membres pour vote. Leur publication comme Normes internationales requiert lapprobation de 75 % au moins des comits membres votants. La Norme internationale ISO 1998-4 a t labore par le comit technique ISO/TC 28, Produits p
15、troliers et lubrifiants, sous-comit SC 1, Terminologie. Cette premire dition, conjointement avec les sept autres parties de lISO 1998, annule et remplace la totalit de la premire dition qui comprenait deux parties (ISO 1998-1:1974 et ISO 1998-2:1976). Cette nouvelle dition constitue une refonte comp
16、lte de la norme, avec un nouveau systme de classification des termes des deux parties de la premire dition, qui se trouvent maintenant rpartis sur lensemble des parties de la nouvelle dition, et lajout de nombreux nouveaux termes. LISO 1998 comprend les parties suivantes, prsentes sous le titre gnra
17、l Industrie ptrolire Terminologie: Partie 1: Matires premires et produits Partie 2: Proprits et essais Partie 3: Exploration et production Partie 4: Raffinage Partie 5: Transport, stockage, distribution Partie 6: Mesurage Partie 7: Termes divers Partie 99: Gnralits et index Copyright International O
18、rganization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 22:29:16 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS
19、 under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 22:29:16 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE ISOISO 1998-4:1998(E/F) 1 Petroleum industry Terminology Part 4: Refining I
20、ndustrie ptrolire Terminologie Partie 4: Raffinage 1 Scope This part of ISO 1998 consists of a list of equivalent English and French terms, in use in the petroleum industry in the area of refining, together with the corresponding definitions in the two languages. ISO 1998 is intended to cover the pu
21、rposes of the part of the petroleum industry dealing with crude oils and petroleum products, that means all related operations arising from the production field to the final user. It is not intended to cover either petroleum equipment, or any operation in the field. However, some pieces of equipment
22、 or some operations of exploration and production are defined. The corresponding terms were introduced only when they appear in a definition of a product or process and when their definition was found necessary for understanding or for avoiding any ambiguity. Where a terminology of petroleum equipme
23、nt is needed, it corresponds to the scope of ISO/TC 67, Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum and natural gas industries. 1 Domaine dapplication La prsente partie de lISO 1998 comporte une liste de termes quivalents anglais et franais en usage dans lindustrie ptrolire pour dsign
24、er le raffinage, accompagns des dfinitions correspondantes dans les deux langues. LISO 1998 est destine aux besoins de lindustrie ptrolire dans les domaines correspondants aux ptroles bruts et aux produits ptroliers, cest-dire toutes les oprations prenant place entre la production sur champ et lutil
25、isation finale. Elle nentend pas couvrir le domaine des quipements ptroliers ni celui des oprations sur champ. Cependant, certains quipements ou certaines oprations dexploration et de production sont dfinis. Ces termes nont t introduits que lorsquils apparaissaient dans la dfinition dun produit ou d
26、un procd et quand leur dfinition semblait ncessaire la comprhension ou afin dviter toute ambigut. La terminologie en matire dquipement ptrolier relve de la comptence de lISO/TC 67, Matriel, quipement, structures en mer, pour les industries du ptrole et du gaz naturel. 2 Normative reference The follo
27、wing standard contains provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the edition indicated was valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encour
28、aged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the standard indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. 2 Rfrence normative La norme suivante contient des dispositions qui, par suite de la rfrence qui en est faite
29、, constituent des dispositions valables pour la prsente Norme internationale. Au moment de la publication, ldition indique tait en vigueur. Toute norme est sujette rvision et les parties prenantes des accords fonds sur la prsente Norme internationale sont invites rechercher la possibilit dappliquer
30、ldition la plus rcente de la norme indique ci-aprs. Les membres de la CEI et de lISO possdent le registre des Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 22:29:16 MDTNo repro
31、duction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 1998-4:1998(E/F) ISO 2 ISO 1998-99:1), Petroleum industry Terminology Part 99: General and index. Normes internationales en vigueur un moment donn. ISO 1998-99:1), Industrie ptrolire Terminologie Partie 99: Gnralits et index. 3 Term
32、numbering The general classification and numbering system used in ISO 1998 employs digits grouped in three categories: x.yy.zzz where xis the part number of ISO 1998, in this case Part 4; yyis the subcategory in which the term appears. Part 4 has six subcategories: 10operations 20processing without
33、conversion 30processing with conversion 40petrochemical process 50equipment utilities 60miscellaneous zzz is the serial number of the individual term. 3 Numrotation des termes Le systme gnral de classification et de numrotation, dfini dans lISO 1998, est de la forme: x.yy.zzz o xest le numro de part
34、ie de lISO 1998, ici Partie 4; yydsigne la sous-catgorie dans laquelle le terme apparat. La Partie 4 a six sous- catgories: 10fonctionnement 20traitement sans conversion 30traitement avec conversion 40procds pour la ptrochimie 50quipement utilits 60divers zzz est le numro dordre de chaque terme. 4 I
35、ndex See ISO 1998-99. 4 Index Se reporter lISO 1998-99. 5 Order of listing Terms are listed in serial number order. 5 Prsentation des termes La liste suivante est classe selon lordre numrique. _ 1) To be published. _ 1) publier. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IH
36、S under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 22:29:16 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISOISO 1998-4:1998(E/F) 3 4.10 Operations4.10 Fonctionnement 4.10.010 reflux 4.10.010 reflux in distilling operations,
37、 portion of the distillate returning to the column 4.10.010 reflux 4.10.010 reflux au cours dune distillation, partie du condensat qui retourne dans la colonne 4.10.011 reflux ratio 4.10.011 reflux ratio ratio of the volume of the reflux from the top to the volume of distillate withdrawn from a dist
38、illation column 4.10.011 taux de reflux 4.10.011 taux de reflux rapport en volume du reflux de tte celui du distillat extrait dune colonne de distillation 4.10.012 internal reflux 4.10.012 internal reflux liquid that returns inside a distillation column in normal operation 4.10.012 reflux interne 4.
39、10.012 reflux interne liquide redescendant dans une colonne de distillation en fonctionnement normal 4.10.020 distillation pressure 4.10.020 distillation pressure pressure measured at the top of the column during a distillation operation 4.10.020 pression de distillation 4.10.020 pression de distill
40、ation pression mesure au niveau de la tte de colonne dans une opration de distillation 4.10.030 dynamic hold-up 4.10.030 dynamic hold-up quantity of material held at a given moment in a distillation column in normal operation 4.10.030 retenue dynamique 4.10.030 retenue dynamique quantit de matire co
41、ntenue un moment donn dans une colonne de distillation en fonctionnement normal 4.10.031 static hold-up 4.10.031 static hold-up quantity of material retained in a distillation column when the distillation is finished, i.e. after the tower or packing is allowed to drain 4.10.031 retenue statique 4.10
42、.031 retenue statique quantit de liquide retenue dans une colonne de distillation quand la distillation est termine, cest dire aprs que la colonne ou le remplissage aient commenc se vider 4.10.040 pressure drop 4.10.040 pressure drop pressure difference between two points in a fluid 4.10.040 perte d
43、e charge 4.10.040 perte de charge diffrence de pression dun fluide entre deux points NOTEIn a plate-type column, the pressure drop is at least equal to the sum of the depths of liquid on the plates which the vapour traverses throughout the column. NOTEDans le cas dune colonne plateaux rels, la perte
44、 de charge est au minimum gale la somme des hauteurs de couches liquides que la vapeur traverse dans lensemble des plateaux. 4.10.0504.10.050 flash vaporization instantaneous vaporization partial or total vaporization obtained by sudden reduction of pressure 4.10.050 vaporisation instantane 4.10.050
45、 vaporisation instantane vaporisation partielle ou totale obtenue par dtente brusque 4.10.051 vaporization rate 4.10.051 vaporization rate boil-up rate volume of liquid vaporized per unit of time 4.10.051 taux de vaporisation 4.10.051 taux de vaporisation volume de liquide vaporis par unit de temps
46、Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 22:29:16 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 1998-4:1998(E/F) ISO 4 4.10.052 flooding 4.
47、10.052 flooding phenomenon that upsets the normal operation of a distillation column due to an excessive speed of vapour travelling up the column, preventing liquid from flowing 4.10.052 engorgement 4.10.052 engorgement phnomne perturbant le fonctionnement normal dune colonne de distillation provoqu par une vitesse excessive de la vapeur traversant cette colonne, empchant le liquide de redescendre dans la colonne 4.10.0534.10.053 steamage steamout expulsion of a product by injection of steam 4.10.053 chasse la vapeur 4.10.05