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1、 Reference number ISO 12216:2002(E) ISO 2002 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12216 First edition 2002-06-01 Small craft Windows, portlights, hatches, deadlights and doors Strength and watertightness requirements Petits navires Fentres, hublots, panneaux, tapes et portes Exigences de rsistance et dtanchit
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5、given below. ISO 2002 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs mem
6、ber body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.ch Web www.iso.ch Printed in Switzerland ii ISO 2002 All rights reserved ISO 12216:2002(E) ISO 2002 All rights reserved iii Contents Page
7、Forewordv 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and definitions .2 4 General requirements7 4.1 General7 4.2 Strength7 4.3 Positive closure .7 4.4 Watertightness.7 4.4.1 Minimum degree of watertightness.7 4.4.2 Additional requirements related to watertightness .8 5 Plate materials .8 5.1 General8
8、5.2 Acrylic sheet materials8 5.3 Glass.9 5.3.1 Restrictions of usage9 6 Specific requirements.9 6.1 End connection and location of plate9 6.1.1 Simply supported plates.9 6.1.2 Semi-fixed plates .9 6.2 Fastening requirements10 6.2.1 Fastening of plates and frames10 6.2.2 Fastening of semi-fixed plate
9、s.10 6.2.3 Fastening of glued plates .10 6.3 Special requirements 11 6.3.1 Appliances fitted in Area I.11 6.3.2 Appliances fitted in Area II a 12 6.3.3 Sliding appliances.14 6.3.4 Doors made with removable sections: washboards14 6.3.5 Locking system14 6.3.6 Deadlights 14 6.3.7 Multihull escape hatch
10、es14 6.3.8 Commercially available appliances .15 7 Scantling determination of non-stiffened plates15 7.1 Monolithic plate thickness determination.15 7.1.1 Determination based on allowable stress criterion .15 7.1.2 Determination based on allowable deflection criterion.15 7.1.3 Applicability of 7.1.1
11、 and 7.1.2 .16 7.2 Selection of monolithic plate thickness16 7.3 Plate aspect-ratio coefficients, kr and kf16 7.4 Basic design pressure 17 7.5 Pressure reduction factor.18 7.6 Curvature coefficient.18 7.7 Flexural strength and modulus of elasticity.18 7.8 Safety factor and minimum plate thickness .1
12、9 7.9 Laminated glass thickness.20 8 Sandwich plates, stiffened and/or supported plates .20 -,-,- ISO 12216:2002(E) iv ISO 2002 All rights reserved Annex A (normative) Appliance location areas .21 Annex B (normative) Types of plate edge connection22 Annex C (normative) Unsupported plate dimensions.2
13、4 Annex D (normative) Methods of test .26 Annex E (normative) High-impact-resistance glass33 Annex F (informative) Precalculated tables34 Annex G (informative) Background information60 Bibliography62 -,-,- ISO 12216:2002(E) ISO 2002 All rights reserved v Foreword ISO (the International Organization
14、for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has t
15、he right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Interna
16、tional Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publicatio
17、n as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such
18、 patent rights. ISO 12216 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 188, Small craft. Annexes A, B, C, D and E form integral parts of this International Standard. Annexes F and G are for information only. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12216:2002(E) ISO 2002 All rights reserved 1 Small craft Windows, p
19、ortlights, hatches, deadlights and doors Strength and watertightness requirements 1 Scope This International Standard specifies technical requirements for windows, portlights, hatches, deadlights and doors on small craft of hull length up to 24 m, taking into account the type of craft, its design ca
20、tegory, and the location of the appliance. The appliances considered in this International Standard are only those that are critical for the crafts watertightness, i.e. those that could lead to flooding in case of rupture of the plate. This International Standard is mostly intended to be used for re
21、creational craft, but it may be used for non- recreational small craft of hull length up to 24 m, excluding lifeboats. However, it is not applicable to commercial or work boats used in severe conditions. 2 Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through refer
22、ence in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of apply
23、ing the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 66031:2000, Plastics Determination of multiaxia
24、l impact behaviour of rigid plastics Part 1: Non- instrumented impact testing ISO 78231:1), Poly(methyl methacrylate) sheets Types, dimensions and characteristics Part 1: Cast sheets ISO 8666:2), Small craft Principal data ISO 9094-1:2), Small craft Fire protection Part 1: Craft with a hull length o
25、f up to and including 15 m ISO 9094-2:2), Small craft Fire protection Part 2: Craft with a hull length of over 15 m ISO 11812:2001, Small craft Watertight cockpits and quick-draining cockpits ISO 12217 (all parts):2002, Small craft Stability and buoyancy assessment and categorization EN 356:1999, Gl
26、ass in building Security glazing Testing and classification of resistance against manual attack EN 1063:1999, Glass in building Security glazing Testing and classification of resistance against bullet attack 1) To be published. (Revision of ISO 7823-1:1998) 2) To be published. -,-,- ISO 12216:2002(E
27、) 2 ISO 2002 All rights reserved 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 appliance device made of a plate and possibly a framing system, used to cover an opening in the hull or superstructure of a boat EXAMPLE Windows, p
28、ortlights, hatches, deadlights, doors, sliding appliances, escape hatches. 3.2 plate sheet of material, which may be transparent, that is fixed on the boat structure either directly or via a framing system 3.2.1 stiffened plate plate equipped with stiffeners 3.2.2 non-stiffened plate plate directly
29、fixed on its supports 3.2.3 glazing transparent or translucent plate 3.2.4 unsupported dimensions of a plate clear dimensions between the supports bearing the plate NOTE See annexes B and C. 3.3 passage clear opening through which people or material may pass NOTE This definition can be used in defin
30、ing passage dimensions and passage area. 3.4 window portlight glazed appliance NOTE The term “portlight” is generally used for a small window. 3.5 deck hatch appliance fitted on decks and superstructures 3.6 companionway door door or closing appliance intended to close a companionway opening 3.7 esc
31、ape hatch appliance intended to provide an exit and designated means of escape ISO 12216:2002(E) ISO 2002 All rights reserved 3 3.8 multihull escape hatch appliance allowing a viable means of escape in the event of inversion NOTE As this hatch is not normally totally immersed in the upright and inve
32、rted position, it is usually fitted below deck level on the hull side, nacelle or crossarm bottom, or transom. 3.9 deadlight shutter secondary watertight closure, fitted to a window, a hatch or a door, and which may be fitted inside or outside the plate 3.10 closing appliance device used to cover an
33、 opening in the cockpit, hull or superstructure 3.11 sliding appliance appliance that can slide in a rabbet or a frame 3.11.1 framed plate sliding appliance plate mechanically connected to a frame that slides in a rabbet or a frame 3.11.2 frameless plate sliding appliance plate without frame that sl
34、ides in a rabbet or a frame 3.12 design category description of the sea and wind conditions for which a boat is assessed to be suitable 3.12.1 design category A category for “ocean” sailing boat designed for extended voyages where conditions experienced may exceed wind force 8 (Beaufort Scale) and s
35、ignificant wave heights of 4 m and above, but excluding abnormal conditions (e.g. hurricanes) 3.12.2 design category B category for “offshore” sailing boat designed for offshore voyages where conditions up to and including wind force 8 (Beaufort Scale) and significant wave heights up to and includin
36、g 4 m may be experienced 3.12.3 design category C category for “inshore” sailing boat designed for voyages in coastal waters, large bays, estuaries, lakes and rivers, where conditions up to and including wind force 6 (Beaufort Scale) and significant wave heights up to and including 2 m may be experi
37、enced 3.12.4 design category D category for sailing in “sheltered waters” boat designed for voyages in sheltered waters, small bays, estuaries, lakes, rivers and canals, where conditions up to and including wind force 4 (Beaufort Scale) and maximum occasional wave heights up to and including 0,5 m m
38、ay be experienced ISO 12216:2002(E) 4 ISO 2002 All rights reserved 3.13 sailing boat boat for which the primary means of propulsion is by wind power, having: AS W 0,07 (mLDC)2/3 where AS is the projected sail area according to ISO 8666; mLDC is the loaded mass of the boat, expressed in kilograms. NO
39、TE Motor sailers are regarded as sailing boats. 3.14 motor boat boat designed to use engine power as its primary means of propulsion 3.15 waterline side projection of the flotation plan, when the boat is upright and in fully loaded ready-for-use conditions 3.16 length of hull LH length of hull accor
40、ding to ISO 8666 3.17 appliance location area area of the boat where the appliance is fitted NOTE See annex A for sketches showing examples of appliance location areas. 3.17.1 area I part of the hull sides situated above waterline, i.e. up to its intersection with the weather deck (for decked craft)
41、, or the upper edge of the hull (for open craft or partially decked craft), but only to the following upper boundary: a horizontal line located at the height hS above waterline in the rear half of the waterline (see Figure 1); a sloped line having a height hS at mid waterline, and a height 1,2hS at
42、the front end of the waterline, with hS = LH/12 for sailing monohulls, hS = LH/17 for motor boats, sailing catamarans and central hull of sailing trimarans. NOTE The outer hulls of sailing trimarans are considered to be entirely in Area I. -,-,- ISO 12216:2002(E) ISO 2002 All rights reserved 5 Key 1
43、 Area I 2 Area II b Figure 1 Limits of Areas I and II b 3.17.2 area II a area, other than Area I, where persons are liable to walk or step, such as decks, superstructures, cockpit soles, at an inclination of less than 25 to the horizontal in a longitudinal direction, and at an inclination of less th
44、an 50 to the horizontal in the transversal direction respectively for sailing monohulls, or 25 for multihulls 3.17.3 area II b areas from the hull sides not belonging to Area I NOTE 1 The following areas may be included if they correspond to the definition: transoms of all types of craft; rear faces
45、 of transverse girders of multihulls when located above the waterline. NOTE 2 Areas placed below the waterline are not covered by this International Standard. NOTE 3 Areas on which people may stand or step, even inadvertently, are part of Area II a. EXAMPLE Top of sailboat coachroof on which one may
46、 stand or attend to sails. NOTE 4 Superstructure areas on which people may not normally stand or step, are not part of Area II a, but Area III. EXAMPLE Top of motorboat wheelhouse out of normal working deck areas. 3.17.4 area III area, other than Area I or II EXAMPLE Superstructures, decks or cockpi
47、ts soles which cannot be considered as belonging to Area II. NOTE On some boat types, Area III may be divided into particular areas. For example superstructure front and superstructure sides on motorboats. 3.17.5 area IV parts of Area III protected from the direct impact of sea or slamming waves EXA
48、MPLE Cockpit sides, rear faces of superstructures. ISO 12216:2002(E) 6 ISO 2002 All rights reserved NOTE Areas other than the ones given in the example may be included in Area IV. The protection against impact from the sea shall be taken into account by the manufacturer. 3.18 type of plate end connection NOTE See annex B for sketches showing examples of types of plate end-connection. 3.18.1 semi-fixed SF plate plate fixed in a way to restrict deflection and prevent lateral movement at its boundaries EXAMPLE Unframed or framed plate, if bolted and/or glued. 3.18.2 simply supported SS plate pl