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1、Reference number ISO 11009:2000(E) ISO 2000 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 11009 First edition 2000-03-01 Petroleum products and lubricants Determination of water washout characteristics of lubricating greases Produits ptroliers et lubrifiants Dtermination de la rsistance au dlavage leau des graisses lu
2、brifiantes Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 08:55:21 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 11009:2000(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may co
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5、arameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2000 All rights reserved. Unless othe
6、rwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyrigh
7、t office Case postale 56 ? CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 734 10 79 E-mail copyrightiso.ch Web www.iso.ch Printed in Switzerland ii ISO 2000 All rights reserved Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/99
8、80755100 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 08:55:21 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 11009:2000(E) ISO 2000 All rights reservediii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO membe
9、r bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmenta
10、l and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directi
11、ves, Part 3. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the eleme
12、nts of this International Standard may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard ISO 11009 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 28,Petroleum products and lubricants. Copyright International Organizat
13、ion for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 08:55:21 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO L
14、icensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 08:55:21 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- INTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO 11009:2000(E) ISO 2000 All rights reserved1 Petroleum products and lubricants Determination of water washout characteristics of lubrica
15、ting greases WARNING The use of this International Standard may involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This International Standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this International Standard to es
16、tablish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1Scope This International Standard specifies a method for evaluating the resistance of a lubricating grease to washout by water from a bearing, when tested at 38 C and 79 C under s
17、pecified laboratory conditions. It is not to be considered the equivalent of service evaluation tests. 2Normative reference The following normative document contains provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. For a dated reference, subsequ
18、ent amendments to, or revisions of, the publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the normative document indicated below. For an undated reference, the latest edi
19、tion of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 3696:1987,Water for analytical laboratory use Specification and test methods. 3Principle The grease is packed in a ball bearing. The bearing is then inserted
20、in a housing with specified clearances, and rotated at 63 rad/s ? 3 rad/s. Water, controlled at 38 C or 79 C, impinges on the bearing housing at a rate of 5 ml/s ? 0,5 ml/s. The amount of grease washed out in 60 min is taken as a measure of the resistance of the grease to water washout. 4Reagents an
21、d materials 4.1Water, conforming to the requirements of grade 3 of ISO 3696. 4.2Cleaning solvent, consisting of a low sulfur, low aromatic, low volatility hydrocarbon. NOTEWhite spirit according to British Standard BS 245 1 or mineral spirit according to ASTM D235 2 (all classes) are suitable. Copyr
22、ight International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 08:55:21 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 11009:2000(E) 2 ISO 2000 All rights reserved 5Apparatus1? ? ? ? 5
23、.1Water washout apparatus, comprising a housing (5.3) with a spindle supported by two ball bearings (5.2) and a water-injection pump, which are rotated by means of an electrical motor(s), a water reservoir and a vane system to regulate the water flow rate through an injection nozzle, and a water hea
24、ting system (5.4). Suitable apparatus is shown in Figure 1. Dimensions in millimetres Key 1Tank size: approx. 150 mm ? 150 mm ? 150 mm 2Cover 3Thermometer 4Water-jet flow rate: 5 ml/s ? 0,5 ml/s through 1 mm ? capillary 5Rotation speed of ball bearings: 63 rad/s ? 3 rad/s 6Thermostat 7750 ml (min.)
25、of distilled water in reservoir below the bearing housing 8Heater 9Baffle 10 Supply 11 Flow-rate control valves 12 Return 13 Bypass 14 Motor 15 Fluid pump 16 Base Figure 1 Apparatus for determining water washout characteristics of lubricating greases 1? This apparatus is available from: the Precisio
26、n Scientific Co., 3737 Cortland St., Chicago, IL, USA, Labline Inc., 3072-82 W. Grant Ave., Chicago, IL-60622, USA, as catalogue No. 4165; and Stanhope-Seta, Park Close, Englefield Green, Egham, Surrey, TW20 0XD, UK as catalogue No. 19160. This information is given for the convenience of users of th
27、is International Standard and does not constitute an endorsement by ISO of these products. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 08:55:21 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted with
28、out license from IHS -,-,- ISO 11009:2000(E) ISO 2000 All rights reserved3 5.2Ball bearing, size 6204 C3H.2? NOTE6204 C4 bearings may be used. However, precision has only been determined using SKF 6204 C3H bearings. 5.3Bearing housing and shield, with dimensions as shown in Figure 2. Dimensions in m
29、illimetres Key 1Centreline of capillary, ? 1 mm 2Annular opening, 0,8 mm wide 3Test bearing of type 6204 C3H Figure 2 Typical cross-section of thrust-bearing assembly 5.4Heating source, to maintain the water temperature at 38 C ? 1,7 C or 79 C ? 1,7 C. NOTEA suitable temperature can be obtained by t
30、he use of immersion heaters, steam coils, or infrared heat lamps, in conjunction with transformers or thermostats. 5.5Thermometer or thermocouple, of adequate range, to determine the temperature of the water reservoir at ? 1 C. 5.6Timer, indicating tenths of a second. 5.7Watch glasses, of sufficient
31、 size to accomodate a test bearing and shield. 5.8Graduated cylinder, of 100 ml capacity. 5.9Oven, natural convection type, capable of maintaining the specified drying temperature at ? 3 C. 5.10Balance, capable of weighing to 1 mg. 2? 6204 C3H bearings are available from local suppliers or ASTM, 100
32、 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, USA, at nominal cost by specifying PCN 12-433360-12. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 08:55:21 MDTNo reproduction or networkin
33、g permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 11009:2000(E) 4 ISO 2000 All rights reserved 6Sampling 6.1Each test will require a quantity of grease sufficient to fill two test bearings (approximately 4 g each). 6.2A minimum of 15 g of sample shall be supplied. 6.3Examine the sample for any indicati
34、on of non-homogeneity such as oil separation, phase changes, or gross contamination. If any abnormal conditions are found, obtain a new sample. 7Preparation of apparatus Clean the reservoir and water passages by flushing with water (4.1). Wipe off any oil scum which has been deposited on the surface
35、s of the reservoir. Clean the test bearing with cleaning solvent (4.2). Ensure that the water flow rate can be maintained within the specified limits for a 60 min test run. 8Procedure 8.1Carry out the test in duplicate. Pack the tared bearing with 4,00 g ? 0,05 g of test grease. Insert the bearing a
36、nd tared shields into the housing, and assemble the unit in the test apparatus. Record the mass of the bearing, shields and grease, to the nearest 0,01 g. 8.2Add a minimum of 750 ml of preheated water (4.1) to the reservoir, but keep the water level below the bearing housing by means of a piece of t
37、ubing attached to the capillary discharge tube or with a deflecting metal shield, until equilibrium temperature is attained. When the test is to be carried out at the higher temperature of 79 C ? 1,7 C, bring the water to the specified temperature by a previously selected source of heat. If the rig
38、has one motor driving both the pump and test bearing, remove the belt from the test-bearing spindle pulley during the water warm-up time. 8.3When the water reaches the specified temperature, adjust the by-pass valve to give a water-flow rate, through the rubber tubing and into the graduated cylinder
39、 (5.8), of 5 ml/s ? 0,5 ml/s. Determine the flow rate from the volume of liquid flowing into the cylinder over a period of 10 s, as measured with the timer (5.6). Remove the rubber tubing from the discharge tube, and adjust the water jet so that it impinges on the shield 6,4 mm above the annular ope
40、ning. 8.4Start the test and continue operation for 60 min ? 5 min from the moment when the rotational speed of the bearing reaches 63 rad/s ? 3 rad/s. 8.5Shut off the motor and the heating source, if used. Remove the test bearing and shields and place them on a tared watch glass (5.7). The shields s
41、hall be separated from the bearing and placed with their inner faces upward to expose the wet grease to the air. 8.6Dry the bearing and shields for 15 h at 77 C ? 6 C (see the note) in the oven (5.9), and then weigh to the nearest 0,01 g to determine the grease loss. The grease remaining on the shie
42、lds, and any leakage occurring during the drying period, should not be considered as grease lost. NOTESome mass loss can be experienced for greases containing low-viscosity oils because of oil evaporation during drying. The drying temperature should be increased to 93 C ? 3 C for greases containing
43、high-viscosity oils, to facilitate removal of water during the time period specified. 9Calculation Calculate the loss in mass by water washout, w, expressed as a mass fraction, using the following equations. ?me= m2? m1 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under l
44、icense with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 08:55:21 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 11009:2000(E) ISO 2000 All rights reserved5 ?ma= m3? m1 e ea 100 m mm w ? ? ? where m1is the mass of the bearing and shields, in grams; m2is
45、 the mass of the grease, the bearing and shields before testing, in grams; m3is the mass of the grease, the bearing and shields after testing, in grams. 10 Expression of results Report the average of duplicate tests as the percentage mass of grease washed out at the test temperature, and indicate th
46、e temperature at which the bearing assembly and grease were dried. Round the mass percentage to the nearest whole percent. 11 Precision 11.1 General The precision, as determined by statistical examination of interlaboratory test results, is given in 11.2 and 11.3. 11.2 Repeatability, r The differenc
47、e between two test results obtained by the same operator with the same apparatus under constant operating conditions on identical test material would, in the long run, in the normal and correct operation of the test method, exceed the following values in only one case in twenty. At 38 Cr = 0,8 (X +
48、2) At 79 Cr = 0,6 (X + 4,6) where X is the average of two results given as mass fractions. 11.3 Reproducibility, R The difference between two single and independent test results obtained by different operators working in different laboratories on identical test material would, in the long run, in the normal and correct operation of the test method, exceed the following values in only one case in twenty. At 38 CR = 1,4 (X + 2) At 79 CR = 1,1 (X + 4,6) where X is the