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1、 Reference number ISO 22090-1:2002(E) ISO 2002 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 22090-1 First edition 2002-09-01 Ships and marine technology Transmitting heading devices (THDs) Part 1: Gyro-compasses Navires et technologie maritime Dispositifs de pilotage transmission de donnes Partie 1: Compas gyroscopiq
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5、ress given below. ISO 2002 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISO
6、s member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.ch Web www.iso.ch Printed in Switzerland ii ISO 2002 All rights reserved ISO 22090-1:2002(E) ISO 2002 All rights reserved iii Content
7、s Page Foreword iv 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 2 3 Terms and definitions. 2 4 Performance requirements. 4 4.1 Functionality 4 4.2 Continuous operation. 4 4.3 Information. 4 4.4 Fore and aft mark 4 4.5 Speed error correction 4 4.6 Heading information . 5 4.7 Status indication . 5 4.8 Alarm signa
8、l. 5 5 Accuracy 5 5.1 General. 5 5.2 Accuracy of transmission data 5 5.3 Accuracy under static conditions . 5 5.4 Accuracy under dynamic conditions 5 6 Type tests. 6 6.1 General. 6 6.2 Settling time test . 6 6.3 Static error (settle point error) test 6 6.4 Settle point heading repeatability test 6 6
9、.5 Settling time on a Scorsby table 7 6.6 Scorsby test. 7 6.7 Intercardinal motion test 7 6.8 Output accuracy test. 8 6.9 Speed error correction test 8 6.10 General requirement test 8 6.11 Electromagnetic compatibilty test. 10 7 Marking and identification 10 Annex A (informative) Equivalent requirem
10、ents in ISO 22090-1 and IMO Resolution. 11 Bibliography 12 -,-,- ISO 22090-1:2002(E) iv ISO 2002 All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Stand
11、ards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also ta
12、ke part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. The main task of technical committees i
13、s to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibili
14、ty that some of the elements of this part of ISO 22090 may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 22090-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 8, Ships and marine technology, Subcommittee SC 6, Navigation. ISO 22090
15、 consists of the following parts, under the general title Ships and marine technology Transmitting heading devices (THDs): Part 1: Gyro-compasses Part 2: Geo-magnetic principles Part 3: GNSS principles Annex A of this part of ISO 22090 is for information only. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 22090-1:2002
16、(E) ISO 2002 All rights reserved 1 Ships and marine technology Transmitting heading devices (THDs) Part 1: Gyro-compasses 1 Scope This part of ISO 22090 specifies the construction, performance and testing of gyro-compasses as transmitting heading devices required by chapter V, SOLAS 1974 (as amended
17、). A Transmitting heading device (THD) is an electronic device that provides information about the ships true heading. In addition to the general requirements contained in IMO Resolution A.694 (17) to which IEC 60945 is associated and the relevant standard for the sensing part used, the THD equipmen
18、t should comply with the following minimum requirements. Where the IMO performance standards that apply to the sensing part do not specify a geographical operating area that the THD should operate; a) at maximum rate of turn 20/s; b) from 70 latitude south to 70 latitude north as minimum. The THDs c
19、omplying with the requirements contained in this part of ISO 22090 can be used for heading information as contained in chapter V of the SOLAS Convention. However, ships within a speed range of 30 knots to 70 knots should comply with the requirements of IMO Resolution A.821(19) In addition, such THDs
20、 should meet the dynamic requirements contained in the HSC Code, chapter 13 for the carriage of a suitable device providing heading information. NOTE 1 Several technologies can be used to detect and transmit heading information. It is illogical to standardize the detection of the heading separately
21、from the transmission of the heading. Therefore, separate parts of this part of ISO 22090 refer to different technologies. The requirements of this part of ISO 22090 only apply to gyroscopic technology. Other technologies are covered in other parts of ISO 22090. NOTE 2 All requirements that are extr
22、acted from the recommendations of IMO Resolution MSC. 116 (73) on performance standards for transmitting heading devices are printed in italics. -,-,- ISO 22090-1:2002(E) 2 ISO 2002 All rights reserved 2 Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through referen
23、ce in this text, constitute provisions of this part of ISO 22090. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this part of ISO 22090 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most
24、 recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 694, Ships and marine technology Positioning of magnetic co
25、mpasses in ships IEC 61162-1, Maritime navigation and radiocommunication equipment and systems Digital interfaces Part 1: Single talker and multiple listeners IEC 61162-2, Maritime navigation and radiocommunication equipment and systems Digital interfaces Part 2: Single talker and multiple listeners
26、, high-speed transmission IMO Resolution A. 424(XI), Performance standards for gyro-compasses IMO Resolution A.694(17), General requirements for shipborne radio equipment forming part of the global maritime distress and safety system (GMDSS) and for electronic navigational aids IMO Resolution A.813(
27、19), General requirements for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) for all electrical and electronic ships equipment IMO Resolution A.821(19), Performance standards for gyro-compasses for high-speed craft 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this part of ISO 22090, the following terms and defi
28、nitions apply. 3.1 gyro-compass complete equipment including all essential elements of the complete design including both the gyro-compass as heading sensor and the associated heading transmission system 3.2 heading any ships heading to be input to the THD function NOTE It is defined by the directio
29、n of the vertical projection of the fore-and-aft line of the ship onto the horizontal plane. When measured relative to the true north, magnetic north or compass north, it is respectively defined as true heading, magnetic heading or compass heading, and is usually expressed in degrees as a three-figu
30、re group, starting from north, in a clockwise direction around the compass card. 3.3 sensing part sensing function of detecting any heading information connected to the transmitting part 3.4 transmitting part device which receives heading information from the sensing part and converts this to the re
31、quired accurate signal 3.5 true heading horizontal angle between the vertical plane passing through the true meridian and the vertical plane passing through the crafts fore and aft datum line, measured from true north (000) clockwise through 360 -,-,- ISO 22090-1:2002(E) ISO 2002 All rights reserved
32、 3 3.6 transmission and resolution error error which is caused by the method used to transmit the original information to a receiving device NOTE Such a method may have a limited capability to code any possible value of the information e.g. step output with 1/6 resolution. This error is also caused
33、by the method used inside the THD and at its output to code the information. 3.7 static error error caused by any reason and which stays unchanged in value during the operation of the system, measured under static conditions NOTE This error is the same as that defined in 3.12. 3.8 dynamic error erro
34、r caused by dynamic influences acting on the system, such as vibration, roll, pitch or linear acceleration NOTE This error may have an amplitude and usually a frequency related to the environmental influences and the parameters of the system itself. This error is the same as defined in 3.13. 3.9 fol
35、low-up error error caused by the delay between the existence of a value to be sensed and the availability of the corresponding signal or data stream at the output of the system; e.g. the difference between the real heading of a turning vessel and the available information at the output of the system
36、 NOTE A follow-up error disappears when the system is static. 3.10 settled stable situation when any three readings taken at intervals of 30 min are within a band of 0,7, with the compass level and stationary NOTE The settling time is the elapsed time between the time of switch-on at the initial hea
37、ding error and the third recording of the settle. 3.11 settle point heading mean value of ten readings taken at 20 min intervals after the compass has settled as defined in 3.10 3.12 settle point error difference between the settle point heading as defined in 3.11 and the true heading See 3.7. 3.13
38、error difference between the observed value and the settle point heading as defined in 3.11 See 3.8. 3.14 latitude error error to which some gyro-compasses are subject and whose magnitude and sign depend upon the local latitude -,-,- ISO 22090-1:2002(E) 4 ISO 2002 All rights reserved 3.15 speed erro
39、r error to which gyro-compasses are subject and whose magnitude and sign depend upon the speed, course and latitude of the ship 3.16 master compass main compass unit which supplies the heading information to the transmitting part or other navigational aids 3.17 Scorsby table test machine which indep
40、endently oscillates a platform about three axes and is used to simulate the motion of a ship 3.18 intercardinal motion representing an integral motion of the ship and is used for error test within motion in dynamic simulation test 4 Performance requirements 4.1 Functionality In this part of ISO 2209
41、0, the gyro-compass is specified as the function of THD. The THD generates a heading signal and outputs a suitable signal for other devices. Any sensing part defined in 3.3 may be included in the device. If any correcting devices or parameters have been associated, they shall be protected against in
42、advertent operation. Manually entered values used for electronic correction shall be indicated by adequate means. Gyro-compass units shall conform to the requirements listed in 4.2 to 4.8. 4.2 Continuous operation The equipment shall be capable of continuous operation under conditions of vibration,
43、humidity, change of temperature and variations of the power supply, as specified in 6.10. 4.3 Information All displays with the exception of the sensor, and all outputs of heading shall indicate true heading. Indication shall be displayed, readable to a tenth of a degree. 4.4 Fore and aft mark The c
44、ompass shall be marked to facilitate installation in fore and aft line of the ship. 4.5 Speed error correction Means shall be provided for correcting the errors induced by speed and latitude. An approved accurate speed source shall be used for automatic speed error corrections. ISO 22090-1:2002(E) I
45、SO 2002 All rights reserved 5 4.6 Heading information The THD shall provide true heading information to the other navigational equipment. Heading information shall provide an output with an accuracy as defined in clause 5. At least one output shall be in accordance with the relevant international ma
46、rine interface standard, IEC 61162-1 and IEC 61162-2. 4.7 Status indication Status shall be indicated that the gyro-compass is ready to use. 4.8 Alarm signal An alarm shall be provided to indicate malfunctions of the THD or a failure of the power supply. 5 Accuracy 5.1 General The THD shall meet at
47、least the following accuracy at the output of the device under sea conditions as specified in IMO Resolution A.424(XI) or A.821(19) as applicable. 5.2 Accuracy of transmission data The transmission error, including the resolution error, shall be less than 0,2. 5.3 Accuracy under static conditions 5.
48、3.1 Settling time under static conditions When switched on in accordance with the manufacturers instructions, the compass shall settle within 6 h. 5.3.2 Static error (settle point error) 5.3.2.1 The static error (settle point error) as defined in 3.7 (3.12), at any heading shall be less than 1,0 sec
49、ant latitude, and the RMS value of the differences between individual heading indications and the mean value shall be less than 0,35 secant latitude. 5.3.2.2 The repeatability of settle point error from one run-up to another shall be within 0,35 secant latitude. 5.4 Accuracy under dynamic conditions 5.4.1 Settling time u