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1、INTERNATIONAL STANDARD INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION MEXQYHAPOAHAR OPAHM3AlJ4=l n0 CTAHAAPTM3AMM $y$;$; ,.;“:,.!;-i”i,I,?;- ;,:,;jL it assumes that they are standing on a firm, level supporting surface or track. considered as an additiona
2、l loading under cases I, II and III of the table. 3.1.6 In the calculations shown in the table, consideration shall be given to the loads induced by the weight of the crane The sliding of cranes on their tracks is not covered by this Inter- national Standard. and its components, including any liftin
3、g attachments which are a permanent part of the crane in its working condition. 2 References 3.2 Backwards stability in service conditions IS0 4302, Cranes - Wind load assessment. IS0 4306-1, Lifting appliances - Vocabulary - Part I: General. When a crane is in an unladen state and with all operatio
4、nally movable components retracted to positions closest to the back- ward tipping edge, backwards stability in service conditions shall be verified as indicated in either 3.2.1 or 3.2.2 (see also the table, case IV). 3 Stability 3.2.1 Moment method 3.1 Calculations 3.1.1 A crane is said to be stable
5、 when the algebraic sum of the stabilizing moments is greater than the sum of the tipping moments. The tipping moment caused by in-service wind W, and inertia forces D shall not be greater than 90 % of the stabilizing moment. 3.2.2 Gravity method 3.1.2 Calculations shall be made to verify the stabil
6、ity of the crane by computing the sum of the tipping moments using the values given in the table. The projection of the centre of gravity of the static crane in calm air onto a horizontal plane shall be at a position not ex- ceeding 60 % of the distance from the forward supporting point to the backw
7、ard tipping edge. Typical examples are In all calculations, the position of the crane and its com- ponents, and the effect of all loads and forces, shall be considered in their least favourable combination, direction and effect. 3.1.3 Where a crane is required to operate on an inclined sur- face, th
8、e manufacturer shall take the specified conditions into account in calculating stability. 3.1.4 For cranes designed to travel with load, the forces in- duced by the maximum allowable vertical track variation as specified by the manufacturer shall be taken into account, in addition to other loads spe
9、cified in case II of the table. shown in the figure. 3.3 Application of wind loads 3.3.1 In-service wind forces shall always be applied in the least favourable direction. 3.3.2 Out-of-service wind forces shall be applied in the least favourable direction for those cranes which are not free to rotate
10、 with the wind. For those cranes which are designed to rotate with the wind, the wind force shall be applied on the superstructure in the direction contemplated, and in the least favourable direction on the lower structure. 1 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS u
11、nder license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/27/2007 21:43:40 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- IS0 4304 : 1667 (El Table 4 Crane base Condition (see 3.1) Loading Value to be considered 1) The crane manufacturer shall
12、 specify the forces imposed by the crane on the ground or supporting structure. Where the foun- dation provides all or part of the stability of the crane, the manufacturer shall specify the requirements applicable to the foundation. Case I : Basic stability Applied load Wind load Inertia forces Aocl
13、ied load 1,5P 0 0 1.3 P Case II : Dynamic stabilitv . Wind load I w, 1 Inertia forces 1 D 1 Case Ill : Extreme wind loading Applied load Wind load Inertia forces Aoolied load 0 12 w, 0 -0.2 P Case IV: Sudden release of load . Wind load Inertia forces WI 0 1) Where D are the inertia forces or buffer
14、forces determined by the manufacturer; P is the rated capacity for equipment as specified by the manufacturer - lifting attachments which are a permanent part of the crane in its working condition shall be considered as part of the load for stability calculations whether or not such attachments are
15、part of the published load ratings; P is the rated capacity for equipment as specified by the manufacturer, excluding lifting attachments which are a permanent part of the crane in its working condition ; WI is the in-service wind effect in accordance with IS0 4302; W2 is the out-of-service wind eff
16、ect in accordance with IS0 4302 - gusting effects are included. 5 Stabilizers When stabilizers are required, the manufacturer s operating in- structions for the crane shall completely describe the type of stabilizers to be installed, the proper means of installing them, and whether they are required
17、 for in-service, out-of-service or backwards stability needs. The term “stabilizers” shall be taken to refer to any additions to the basic or normal crane configur- ation, supplied for the purpose of increasing stability. Stabilizers shall be designed for ease and speed of bringing into use. 6 Defor
18、mation For those cranes subject to significant elastic deformation on account of dead, live, wind or dynamic loads, the effects of such elastic deformation shall be taken into account in the stability and backwards stability calculations. 2 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Pr
19、ovided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/27/2007 21:43:40 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- IS0 4304 : 1987 (El . .* Span b 0,8 b * 0,2 b 0,2b _ 0,8 b l - - - - al -4. A- 0 a : al : ao_ 0 6 03 d a I
20、 A I 4 : - d =I 0 d (v 0 - & Figure - Crane base configurations 3 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/27/2007 21:43:40 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without lice
21、nse from IHS -,-,- IS0 4304 : 1987 (E) UDC 621.873 : 531.2 Descriptors : handling equipment, lifting equipment, cranes (hoists), stability, rules of calculation. Price based on 3 pages Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/27/2007 21:43:40 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,-