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1、INTERNATIONAL STANDARD IS0 404 Second edition 1992-07-01 Steel and steel products - General technical delivery requirements Aciers et produits sid - the condition of the products at the time of test- ing and inspection; - the assessment of the test results (frequently statistical assessments); - the
2、 right of the purchaser to verify the proper carrying out of the test inspections. 3.4 non-specific inspection and testing: Inspection and testing carried out by the manufacturer in ac- cordance with his own procedures, to assess whether products made by the same manufacturing process meet the requi
3、rements of the order. The products inspected and tested may not necessarily be the products actually supplied. NOTE 1 Current discussions indicate that the term “in- spection and testing” will be replaced by “inspection”. 3.5 specific inspection and testing: Inspection and testing carried out, befor
4、e delivery, according to the technical requirements of the order, on the products to be supplied or on test units of which the product supplied is part, in order to verify whether these products comply with the requirements of the order. (See 3.4, note 1.) 3.6 inspection representative: One or more
5、individ- uals who is/are either: a) the inspector(s) designated in the official regu- lations; b) the manufacturer s authorized representative(s), who is/are independent of the production pro- cess, acting on behalf of the purchaser(s); c) the purchaser s authorized representative. 3.7 test unit: Th
6、e number of pieces or the tonnage of products to be accepted or rejected together, on the basis of the tests to be carried out on sample products in accordance with the requirements of the product standard or order. (See figure 1.) NOTE 2 This term is sometimes referred to in other In- ternational S
7、tandards as “inspection lot” or “batch”. 3.8 sample product: Item (a sheet, for example) selected from a test unit for inspection and/or test- ing. (See figure 1.) 3.9 sample: A sufficient quantity of material taken from the sample product for the purpose of produc- ing one or more test pieces. (See
8、 figure 1.) NOTE 3 In certain cases, the sample may be the sample product itself. 3.10 rough specimen: Part of the sample having undergone mechanical treatment, followed by heat treatment where appropriate, for the purpose of producing test pieces. (See figure 1.) 3.11 test piece: Part of the sample
9、, with specified dimensions, machined or unmachined, brought to a required condition for submission to a given test. (See figure 1.) NOTE 4 In certain cases, the test piece may be the sample itself or the rough specimen. 3.12 cast (heat) analysis: A chemical analysis rep- resentative of the cast (he
10、at) determined by the steelmaker in accordance with his own procedures. 3.13 product analysis: A chemical analysis carried out on the product. 3.14 sequential testing: A group or series of tests from which the average and individual results are used to demonstrate that the requirements of the order
11、and/or product standard have been satisfied. 4 Information to be supplied by the purchaser 4.1 The purchaser shall select the steel type, the shape of the product and the dimensions, taking the intended processing and use into account. He may take the manufacturer s advice in making his choice. The
12、order shall provide all the information necess- ary for describing the product and its character- istics, and also details concerning delivery such as: a) W cl d) e) fl 9) h) mass, length, area, number of pieces to be de- livered: the product form (it may be a number referring to a drawing, for exam
13、ple): the nominal dimensions; the tolerances on the characteristics in items a) and c); the designation of the steel; delivery condition (type of heat treatment, sur- face treatment etc.); specific requirements for surface and/or internal quality (see 7.4); the type of inspection document required a
14、nd, where not specified in the product standard, the inspection and testing requirements (see clause 8); 2 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/20/2007 07:21:50 MDTNo reproduc
15、tion or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- E Tesf plek Figure 1 - Examples of terms defined in clause 3 IS0 404:1992(E) 3 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04
16、/20/2007 07:21:50 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- IS0 404:1992(E) i) i) k) where applicable, the application of one of the quality assurance systems given in IS0 9001 PI, IS0 9002 C71 or IS0 9003 PI; requirements for marking, packing and loading; any optiona
17、l (supplementary) requirements pro- vided for by the product standard. 4.2 The information in 4.1 shall be specified either: 4 by reference to one or more International Stan- dards or; b) in the absence of an International Standard, by stipulation of the characteristics and conditions required. If,
18、in an order, reference is made to a given Inter- national Standard without specifying its edition date, this reference shall be interpreted as being the edi- tion current at the date of placing the order. NOTE 5 If there is any doubt concerning the current edition of the International Standard, the
19、edition to be used shall be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser. 5 Manufacturing process The manufacturing process shall be left to the dis- cretion of the manufacturer, unless otherwise agreed at the time of ordering or otherwise specified in the product standard. NOTE 6 The manufactu
20、ring process covers all oper- ations up to the delivery of the product. 6 Supply by a processor or merchant When a product is supplied by a processor or an intermediary, they shall submit to the purchaser, without any changes to it, the manufacturer s docu- mentation, as described in IS0 10474. This
21、 documentation from the manufacturer shall in- clude suitable means of identification of the product, in order to ensure the traceability between the product and the documentation. If the processor or intermediary has changed the state or dimensions of the product in any way what- ever, he shall sup
22、ply an additional document of compliance for these particular new conditions. This shall apply to all special requirements not included in the manufacturer s documentation. 7 Requirements 7.1 General The product shall comply with the requirements of the order. The manufacturer shall carry out approp
23、riate pro- cess control, inspection and testing to satisfy himself that the delivery complies with the quality and di- mensional requirements of the order, irrespective of the type of inspection document required (see clause 8). 7.2 Chemical composition Requirements concerning the chemical compositi
24、on shall be considered to refer to the cast (heat) analysis unless they refer expressly to the product analysis. 7.3 Mechanical properties 7.3.1 Effect of dimensions Where, in the product standard, the mechanical properties are specified by dimensional categories such as thickness, diameter etc., th
25、e dimension to be considered is the nominal dimension of the product at the prescribed location for taking sam- ples for mechanical tests. 7.3.2 Applicable material condition In the absence of any specification in the order or the product standard, the mechanical properties re- late to the as-delive
26、red condition of the products. 7.3.3 Assessment of impact energy value Where an impact-energy value is specified, without any further information, it shall be taken to represent the average value of those individual tests which shall be assessed as described in 8.3.4.2. 7.4 Surface and internal qual
27、ity 7.4.1 General All products shall have a workmanlike finish. Minor surface and internal imperfections, which may occur under normal manufacturing conditions, shall not be grounds for rejection. Detailed requirements referring to these character- istics shall, where appropriate, be agreed upon at
28、the time of enquiry and order, by reference to the appropriate International Standard (or another rel- evant standard if no International Standard exists). 4 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001
29、 Not for Resale, 04/20/2007 07:21:50 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- IS0 404:1992(E) NOTE 7 The following International Standards on sur- face qualities exist: IS0 7788M, IS0 9443Pl (and any others which are relevant). 8.3 Specific inspection and testing 8.3
30、.1 General 7.4.2 Detection of defects The use of special techniques (radiography, ultra- sonics, magnetic detection, etc.) to detect defects, as well as the number of products to be tested per test unit and the procedures for interpreting the re- sults, when required, shall be as specified in the pr
31、oduct standard or as agreed at the time of order- ing. 7.4.3 Removal of discontinuities 8.3.1.1 Information to be supplied When the purchaser specifies that compliance with the requirements of the order is to be verified by specific inspection and testing, the enquiry and or- der shall cover: - the
32、type of document required, for example an inspection certificate of type 3.1. A or 3.1. B or 3.1. C, or an inspection report of type 3.2 (see IS0 10474); Surface discontinuities may be removed by mech- anical or thermal means, provided that the dimen- sions and properties of the product remain withi
33、n the limit specified in either the order, product stan- dard, dimensional standard or surface quality stan- dard. and, if not specified in the product standard, - the testing frequency (see 8.3.2); - the requirements for sampling and for the prep- aration of the samples and test pieces (see 8.3.3);
34、 7.4.4 Repairs by welding Where there is no provision in the product standard or order, the purchaser or the inspector may permit local repairs by welding. This agreement may apply either to the whole or only to a pat-t of the consign- ment. 8 Inspection and testing 811 Types of inspection documents
35、 and inspection and testing 8.1.1 When ordering, the purchaser shall state which type of inspection document see 4.1 h), if any, is required (see IS0 10474), thereby indicating the required type, of inspection and testing: non- specific or specific. If non-specific inspection and testing is required
36、, see 8.2. If specific inspection and testing is required, see 8.3. 8.1.2 In special cases, specific inspection and test- ing may be replaced by continuous inspection (see 3.3) carried out by the manufacturer. 8.2 Non-specific inspection and testing The purchaser may require that, on the basis of no
37、n-specific inspection and testing, a certificate of compliance with the order or a test report (see 2.1 and 2.2 of IS0 10474:1991) is to be furnished by the manufacturer. When the purchaser requires a test report, he shall indicate for which product charac- teristics the test results shall be given
38、in this docu- ment, if the product standard does not cover such detail. - the identification of test units, if any; - the test methods (see 8.3.4); and, in the case of inspection certificates and in- spection reports to be signed by external inspectors, the address of the inspection body. 8.3.1.2 Pl
39、ace of specific inspection and testing If the necessary facilities are not available at the manufacturer s works, the inspection and testing shall be carried out at another place agreed be- tween the two parties, or at an establishment ac- credited by a recognized organization, preferably in the cou
40、ntry of manufacture. In the latter case, the products shall not be delivered before receipt of the test results by the manufacturer. 8.3.1.3 Submission for specific inspection and testing Where appropriate, the inspection representative shall be informed, by the manufacturer or his auth- orized repr
41、esentative, of the date of availability of part or all of the consignment for specific inspection and testing. Reference shall be made to the order. The manufacturer and the inspection representative shall agree upon the time and date of the inspection and testing, in order to avoid interference wit
42、h the normal operation of the works. If the external in- spection representative does not attend on the agreed date, the manufacturer s authorized. rep- resentative may carry out the acceptance operations himself and provide the purchaser, or his represen- tative, with the inspection docu ment, unle
43、ss this was expressly forbidden. 5: Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/20/2007 07:21:50 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- IS0 404:199
44、2(E) A submission note referring to the order, or to the available parts of the order, shall be delivered to the inspection representative not later than the begin- ning of the inspection/testing procedure. 8.3.1.4 Rights and duties of the inspection representative In order to carry out the agreed i
45、nspection and test- ing, the inspection representative shall have free access, at the agreed time, to the places where the products to be tested/inspected are manufactured and stored. He may select the sample products from the test unit from which the samples are to be taken in conformity with the s
46、pecifications. He shall have the right to be present during the selection of the samples, preparation (machining and treatment) of test pieces and during the tests. He shall observe all the relevant instructions in force in the manufac- turer s works and especially the safety rules. The works shall
47、have the right to have him accompanied by one of their representatives. The testing/inspec- tion procedures shall be carried out so that disturb- ante of the normal run of production is minimized. 8.3.2.2 Number of sample products, samples and test pieces From each test unit, a certain number of sam
48、ple products shall be selected for sampling. This num- ber is specified in the product standard or the order. For each type of test, the following shall be as specified in the product standard or order: - the number of sample products to be taken for each test unit: - the number of samples to be tak
49、en for each sample product; - the number of test pieces to be taken per sam- ple. 8.3.3 Sampling conditions and test pieces IS0 377-l and IS0 377-2 give details of sample preparation for mechanical tests and chemical analysis. The general conditions of IS0 377-l and IS0 377-2 and the specifications of the product standard or order for the location, direction and 8.3.1.5 Traceability during testing preparation