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1、 Reference number ISO 5631-3:2008(E) ISO 2008 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 5631-3 First edition 2008-12-15 Paper and board Determination of colour by diffuse reflectance Part 3: Indoor illumination conditions (D50/2) Papier et carton Dtermination de la couleur par rflectance diffuse Partie 3: Conditio
2、ns dclairage intrieur (D50/2) Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 01/31/2009 04:43:29 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 5631-3:2008(E) PDF disclaimer
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6、OCUMENT ISO 2008 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member b
7、ody in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2008 All rights reserved Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided
8、by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 01/31/2009 04:43:29 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 5631-3:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references. 1
9、 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Principle. 3 5 Apparatus 3 6 Sampling and conditioning 4 7 Preparation of test pieces 4 8 Procedure 4 9 Calculation. 4 9.1 CIE tristimulus values 4 9.2 CIELAB coordinates. 4 9.3 Dispersion of the results 5 10 Expression of results . 6 11 Precision 6 12 Test report . 6 A
10、nnex A (normative) Calculation of tristimulus values . 7 Bibliography. 10 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 01/31/2009 04:43:29 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from
11、IHS -,-,- ISO 5631-3:2008(E) iv ISO 2008 All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical commi
12、ttees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the I
13、nternational Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft Internationa
14、l Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the
15、 subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 5631-3 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 6, Paper, board and pulps. ISO 5631 consists of the following parts, under the general title Paper and board Determination of colour by di
16、ffuse reflectance: Part 1: Indoor daylight conditions (C/2) Part 2: Outdoor daylight conditions (D65/10) Part 3: Indoor illumination conditions (D50/2) Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 01/31/
17、2009 04:43:29 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 5631-3:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved v Introduction The colour of an object can be uniquely characterized by means of a triplet of colour coordinates such as the CIE tristimulus values or the CIELAB 19
18、76 L*, a*, b* coordinates. Apart from the optical properties of the sample, the values of such coordinates depend upon the conditions of measurement, particularly the spectral and geometric characteristics of the instrument used. This part of ISO 5631 should therefore be read in conjunction with ISO
19、 2469. This part of ISO 5631 describes the measurement and description of colour in terms of the CIE illuminant D50 and the CIE 1931 (2) standard observer. The method is especially applicable to graphic arts situations since these illuminant/observer conditions are used within the graphic arts indus
20、try. It is, however, emphasized that this is only a partial approach to the graphic arts conditions, since ISO 13655 also specifies measurement with a 45:0 or 0:45 geometry of a single sheet over a specified black backing. It is intended particularly for use in situations where papers are to be comp
21、ared in a light booth adjusted to match the CIE illuminant D50. The other parts of this International Standard describe measurements and calculations carried out in an analogous manner using either the CIE illuminant C and the CIE 1931 (2) standard observer (ISO 5631-1) or the CIE standard illuminan
22、t D65 and the CIE 1964 (10) standard observer (ISO 5631-2). The choice of illuminant conditions is important when determining the colour coordinates of white papers containing a fluorescent whitening agent. In ISO 5631-2, the UV content of the illumination is much higher, approximating UV levels enc
23、ountered in outdoor viewing conditions. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 01/31/2009 04:43:29 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Copyright International
24、Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 01/31/2009 04:43:29 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 5631-3:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 1 Paper and board
25、 Determination of colour by diffuse reflectance Part 3: Indoor illumination conditions (D50/2) 1 Scope This part of ISO 5631 specifies a method for measuring the colour of paper and board by the diffuse reflectance method with the elimination of specular gloss. This part of ISO 5631 is primarily int
26、ended for measuring the colour of paper and board to be used in the graphic arts industry where that industry specifies the measurement of colour under D50/2 conditions in accordance with ISO 13655. The method may be used to determine the colour of papers or boards that contain fluorescent whitening
27、 agents, provided the UV content of the illumination on the test piece has been adjusted to conform to that in the CIE illuminant C, using a fluorescent reference standard provided by an authorized laboratory, as described in ISO 2470-1. This part of ISO 5631 is not applicable to coloured papers or
28、boards that incorporate fluorescent dyes or pigments. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (includi
29、ng any amendments) applies. ISO 2469, Paper, board and pulps Measurement of diffuse radiance factor ISO 2470-1, Paper, board and pulps Measurement of diffuse blue reflectance factor Part 1: Indoor daylight conditions (ISO brightness) CIE Publication 15:2004, Colorimetry, 3rd ed. ASTM E 308-06, Stand
30、ard Practice for Computing the Colors of Objects by Using the CIE System 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 radiance factor ratio of the radiance of a surface element of a body in the direction delimited by a given cone, with its
31、 apex at the surface element, to that of the perfect reflecting diffuser under the same conditions of illumination Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 01/31/2009 04:43:29 MSTNo reproduction or n
32、etworking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 5631-3:2008(E) 2 ISO 2008 All rights reserved NOTE For fluorescent (luminescent) materials, the total radiance factor, , is the sum of two portions, the reflected radiance factor, S, and the luminescent radiance factor, L, so that = S + L. For n
33、on-fluorescent materials, the reflected radiance factor, S, is numerically equal to the reflectance factor, R. 3.2 intrinsic radiance factor R radiance factor of a layer or pad of material thick enough to be opaque, such that increasing the thickness of the pad by doubling the number of sheets resul
34、ts in no change in the measured radiance factor NOTE The ratio is often expressed as a percentage. 3.3 reflectance factor R ratio of the radiation reflected by a surface element of a body in the direction delimited by a given cone, with its apex at the surface element, to that of the perfect reflect
35、ing diffuser under the same conditions of illumination NOTE 1 The ratio is often expressed as a percentage. NOTE 2 The reflectance factor is influenced by the backing if the body is translucent. 3.4 intrinsic reflectance factor R reflectance factor of a layer or pad of material thick enough to be op
36、aque, such that increasing the thickness of the pad by doubling the number of sheets results in no change in the measured reflectance factor NOTE The reflectance factor of a non-opaque sheet is dependent on the background and is not a material property. 3.5 tristimulus values X2, Y2, Z2 amounts of t
37、he three reference colour stimuli, in a given chromatic system, required to match the stimulus considered NOTE 1 In this part of ISO 5631, the CIE illuminant D50 and the CIE 1931 standard observer are used to define the trichromatic system. NOTE 2 The subscript 2 is applied to conform to the CIE con
38、vention that tristimulus values have the subscript 2 when the CIE 1931 (2) standard observer is used. 3.6 CIELAB colour space three-dimensional, approximately uniform colour space, produced by plotting, in rectangular coordinates L*, a*, b*, quantities defined by the equations given in Clause 9 NOTE
39、 The quantity L* is a measure of the lightness of the test piece, where L* = 0 corresponds to black and L* = 100 is defined by the perfect reflecting diffuser. Visually, the quantities a* and b* represent respectively the red-green and yellow-blue axes in colour space, such that +a* is a measure of
40、the degree of redness of the test piece, a* is a measure of the degree of greenness of the test piece, +b* is a measure of the degree of yellowness of the test piece, b* is a measure of the degree of blueness of the test piece. If both a* and b* are equal to zero, the test piece is grey. Copyright I
41、nternational Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 01/31/2009 04:43:29 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 5631-3:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 3 4 Principle The light ref
42、lected from a sample under specified conditions is analysed either by a tristimulus-filter colorimeter or by an abridged spectrophotometer, and the colour coordinates are then calculated for D50/2 conditions. 5 Apparatus 5.1 Reflectometer. 5.1.1 Reflectometer, having the geometric, spectral and phot
43、ometric characteristics described in ISO 2469, and calibrated in accordance with the provisions of ISO 2469. If materials containing fluorescent whitening agents are to be measured, the reflectometer shall be equipped with a radiation source having an adequate UV-content control, adjusted to a UV co
44、ndition corresponding to the C illuminant by the use of a reference standard, as described in ISO 2470-1. 5.1.2 In the case of a filter reflectometer, a set of filters that, in conjunction with the optical characteristics of the basic instrument, give overall responses equivalent to the CIE tristimu
45、lus values X, Y and Z of the CIE 1931 standard colorimetric system of the test piece evaluated for the CIE illuminant D50. In the case of a filter reflectometer, the radiation falling upon the test piece shall have a UV content corresponding to that of the CIE illuminant C. 5.1.3 In the case of an a
46、bridged spectrophotometer, the instrument shall have a function that permits calculation of the CIE tristimulus values X, Y and Z of the CIE 1931 standard colorimetric system of the test piece evaluated for the CIE illuminant D50, using the weighting functions given in Annex A. In the case of an abr
47、idged spectrophotometer, the instrument shall have an adjustable filter with a cut-off wavelength of 395 nm or some other equivalent system, and this filter shall be adjusted or the system shall be calibrated with the help of the fluorescent reference standard (5.2.2), so that the UV content of the
48、illumination falling upon the sample corresponds to that of the CIE illuminant C. 5.2 Reference standards, for calibration of the instrument and the working standards and used frequently enough to ensure satisfactory calibration and UV adjustment. 5.2.1 Non-fluorescent reference standard, for photometric calibration, issued by an ISO/TC 6 authorized laboratory in accordance with the provisions of ISO 2469. 5.2.2 Fluorescent reference standard, for