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1、INTERNATIONAL STANDARD IS0 7397-2 First edition 1993-07-01 Passenger cars - Verification of drivers direct field of view - Part 2: Test method Voitures particuli E points: Specific points on the left and right eyellipse contours positioned in the same relative position on each ellipse. 3.4 eyellipse
2、: Contraction of the words “eye” and “ellipse”, describing the elliptical shape of the drivers eye range. ISO 4513:1978, definition 4.21 NOTES 2 The term “eyellipse” is used solely in this application. 3 Eyellipse is synonymous with drivers eye range. 3.5 eyellipse template: Two-dimensional design t
3、ool consisting of a plan view and a side view of the drivers left and right eye ranges from which sight lines may be constructed for the purpose of de- scribing the location of objects in the field of view of the seated driver. ISO 4513:1978, definition 4.31 1 -,-,- IS0 3.6 7397-2:1993(E) field of v
4、iew: Solid angle subtended by sight planes emanating from tangents on the eyellipse contours or from the appropriate vision origin point. 3.7 H-point: Pivot centre of the torso and thigh on the three-dimensional H-point machine used for actual H-point determination. It is located on the centre plane
5、 of the device which is between the H-point sight buttons on either side of the H-point machine. adapted from IS0 6549:1980, definition 4.21 3.8 design H-point; R-point; seating reference point: Point which a) establishes the rearmost normal driving or riding position of each designated seating posi
6、tion as stipulated by the manufacturer and which ac- counts for all modes of adjustment (horizontal, vertical and tilt) that are available for the seat; b) has coordinates established with respect to the designed vehicle structure; c) simulates the position of the pivot centre of the human torso and
7、 thigh; d) is the reference point employed to position a two-dimensional template. ISO 6549:1980, defi- nition 4.2.1, adapted 3.9 neck pivot point; P-point: Specific point about which the drivers head turns on a horizontal plane. The point is about 98,8 mm to the rear of the mid- point between the e
8、ye points. It, when combined with the eye points, is used in lieu of the complete eyellipse contour. 3.10 design seat-torso angle: Angle measured be- tween a true vertical line through the R-point (seating reference point) and the torso line of a two- dimensional template. adapted from IS0 6549:1980
9、, definition 4.3.11 3.11 vision origin points: Vision points (V points) and eye points (E points), these latter rotating around the neck pivot point (P point). 3.12 vision point; V-point: Specific point on a sight plane, used instead of the complete eyellipse contour in specifying direct field of vi
10、ew requirements and in checking vehicle compliance with these require- ments. 3.13 fiducial marks: (See IS0 7397-l :1993, defi- nition 3.1, and figure 1 below.) 4 Vehicle positioning 4.1 The vehicle shall be positioned in accordance with the procedure given in IS0 7397-l. 4.2 The vehicle attitude sh
11、all be that related to the loading condition given in clause 2.3 of annex I of EEC Directive 77/649; it shall be achieved by setting up the vehicle using the fiducial marks indicated by the ve- hicle manufacturer for that loading condition, taking account of any special characteristics of the vehicl
12、e suspension. 5 Verification of vehicle 5.1 Test equipment 5.1.1 Device for projection of beams in any de- sired direction, for instance towards the windscreen datum points, which can be mounted relative to the three-dimensional system of the vehicle on the head of a three-dimensional measuring and
13、marking-out machine. 5.1.2 Device for projection of obstruction angles which can be mounted on the head of a three- dimensional measuring machine and can be pivoted around the P-point. NOTE 4 The devices described in 5.1 .l and 5.1.2 may be a laser measuring device conforming to annex A. 5.1.3 Trans
14、parent overlay to cover the windscreen. 5.2 Test procedure 5.2.1 After positioning the vehicle on the measuring base plate (see figure21 corresponding to the coordi- nates of the measuring system by use of jacks, the springs are relieved, and the vehicle R-point set to zero on the machine. Mount the
15、 beam projection de- vice onto the head of the measuring machine, level it and calibrate its X- and Y-axes. 5.2.2 Adjust the projection device position so that the origin of the beam comes out of V, (see table 1). 5.2.3 Cover the windscreen with the overlay and adjust the desired angles either 17” f
16、orward and out- ward from V, or 7” forward and upward from V, and mark these points on the overlay (see figure 3). 5.2.4 Adjust the projection device position so that the origin of the beam comes out of V, (see table 11, adjust the angle of 5” forward and downward from V, and mark this point on the
17、overlay (see figure3). 5.2.5 Verify by measurement that three additional datum points are obtainable symmetrical to the points determined in 5.2.3 and 5.2.4 in relation to the median longitudinal plane of the vehicle. 5.2.6 Adjust the projection device so that the origin of the beam comes out of P,
18、(see table21 with an angle of 2” forward and upward, and determine the intersection of the two-degree plane with the most 2 forward point of the A-pillar. This intersection point defines the Z-coordinate of S, (see figure4). Repeat this procedure with an angle of 5” forward and downward to get the Z
19、-coordinate of the lower hori- zontal intersection S, of the A-pillar (see figure4). 5.2.7 Install the device for ascertaining obscuration on to the projection device and position the origin of the beam coming out horizontally from P, with the Z-coordinate of S,. Rotate the theodolite around P, so t
20、hat the beam out of E, (see figure5) meets the A- pillar at its left side. Fix this theodolite position and change only the Z-coordinate to that of S,. Rotate the micrometer screw to meet the A-pillar at its right side. The micrometer gives the obstruction angle of this A-pillar (in degrees). 5.2.8
21、Repeat this measurement out of the position of P, with a symmetrical device. 5.2.9 Position the projection device as in 5.2.2 and rotate a horizontal beam. 5.2.10 Verify that no obscuration is apparent except that caused by A-pillars, vent window division bars, rear-view mirrors, windscreen wipers a
22、nd radio aeri- als. 52.11 Position the projection device as in 5.2.4 and adjust it to an angle 4” downward; rotate the device by its vertical axis through the 180” forward range. 5.2.12 Ensure no obstruction is apparent as in 5.2.10. When any obstruction is observed, check the direction of the tange
23、nt beam in the following man- ner. The tangent angle of incidence CL or Q which may pass through glazed areas shall be at least: - in the driving direction, (cp = 0): CC 2 4” - in the transverse direction, (1 QI j = 900): U 4” - for 0” c j rp 1 arctan(cos 1 Q, j x tan 4”) - for 45” 158 I - 48 I NOTE
24、 - The positive direction for the coordinates is indicated in figure 3. I 8 -,-,- IS0 7397-2:1993(E) Table 4 - Corrections to be made to X and Z coordinates of each P-point and each V-point when design seat-torso angle is not 25” 20 -44 11 21 -35 9 22 -26 7 Seat-torso angle AX AZ degrees mm mm 23 -1
25、8 5 24 -9 3 25 0 0 26 9 -3 27 17 -5 29 34 -11 30 43 -14 31 51 -18 32 I 33 I 67 I -24 34 76 -28 35 84 -32 36 92 -35 37 100 -39 I 38 I 108 I -43 39 115 -48 40 123 -52 NOTE - The positive direction for the coordinates is indicated in figure 3 1 IS0 7397-2:1993(E) Annex A (normative) Laser measuring dev
26、ices A.1 Type - A laser measuring device consists of either the type described in A.1 .l or A.l.2. A.1.1 A laser device pivoting about fixed vertical and horizontal axes: typical axis system of a theodolite see figure A.1 a) or beam splitter, mounted onto the laser device, to obtain E-points see fig
27、ure A.1 b). A.1.2 A laser device fitted on a pivoting axis normal to a fixed horizontal pivoting axis (see figureA.2). - A.2.2 When the laser measuring device is not pro- vided with an automatic adjusting system, the angle correction tables (tables A. 1 to A. 10) shall be used. in A.1 .l, when the l
28、aser pivots about the vertical axis (a) of a given value with respect to the hori- zontal axis (/3), the laser beam describes a cone with a semi-angle vertex (x/2 - ,!?I; in A.l.2, when the laser pivots about the horizontal axis of a value V, then of a value h about the other axis, the laser beam re
29、mains in a plane. A.2 Angular corrections A.2.1 The laser positions obtained after pivoting the devices in A.1 of the same angle values for Al and /? in the case of A.1 .l, and for v and h in the case of A.l.2, are not identical. The differences are due to the following: 0) b) Figure A.1 - Typical a
30、xis system of theodolite 10 -,-,- ISO 7xw2:1993(El Laser “Zero” position of movement -.- Light beam 7 “Zero” position of movement I “Zero” position of movement - Figure A.2 - Laser device fitted on pivoting axis normal to fixed horizontal pivoting axis 11 -,-,- IS0 7397-2:1993(E) Table A.1 - Angle c
31、orrections for h variants from Table A.2 - Angle corrections for /!I variants from 0 to 30” with v at 4” inclined plane 0 to 30” with v at 4” inclined plane Values in degrees Values in degrees V h 0: B 4 0 4 0 4 1 4 1 4 2 4 2 4 3 3,99 3,Ol 4 4 3,99 4.01 4 5 3,98 5,Ol 4 6 3,98 6.01 4 7 3,97 7,02 4 8
32、3,96 8.02 4 9 3,95 9,02 4 10 3,94 IO,02 4 11 3,93 II,03 4 12 3,91 12.03 4 13 389 13,03 4 14 3,88 14,03 4 15 3,86 15,03 4 16 3,84 16.04 4 17 3,82 17,04 4 18 33 18,04 4 19 3,78 19,04 4 20 3.76 20,04 4 21 3,73 21,05 4 22 3,71 22,05 4 23 3,68 23,05 4 24 3,65 24,05 4 25 3,62 25,05 4 26 3.59 26,06 4 27 35
33、6 27,06 4 28 3,53 28,06 4 29 3,5 29,06 4 30 3.46 30,06 V h u B 4 0 4 0 4 1 4 1 4 2 4 2 4 2,99 3,99 3 4 3.99 3.99 4 4 $99 3,98 5 4 5.99 3,98 6 4 6,98 3,97 7 4 7,98 3,96 8 4 8.98 3,95 9 4 9,98 3,94 10 4 IO,97 3,93 11 4 1 I,97 3.91 12 4 12,97 33 13 4 13,97 3,88 14 4 14,97 3,86 15 4 15,96 3,84 16 4 16.9
34、6 3,82 17 4 17,96 3,8 18 4 18,96 3,78 19 4 19,96 3.76 20 4 20,95 3,73 21 4 21.95 3.71 22 4 22,95 3,68 23 4 23,95 3065 24 4 24,95 3,62 25 4 25,95 3,59 26 4 26,94 3,56 27 4 27,94 3,53 28 4 28,94 3,5 29 4 29,94 3,46 30) I) Limit angular value for 4“ inclined planes. 12 -,-,- Table A.3 - Angle correctio
35、ns for h variants from 31” to 60” with v at 4” inclined plane Values in degrees Table A.4 - Angle corrections for J variants from 31” to 60” with v at 4” inclined plane Values in degrees V h CL B V h u B 4 31 3,43 31,06 4 30,94 3,43 31 4 32 3,39 32,06 4 31,94 3,39 32 4 33 3,35 33,06 4 32,94 3,35 33
36、4 34 3,32 34,06 4 33,94 3,32 34 4 35 3,28 35,07 4 34.93 3,28 35 4 36 3,24 36,07 4 35,93 3,24 36 4 37 3,19 37.07 4 36,93 3,19 37 4 38 3,15 38,07 4 37,93 3.15 38 4 39 3,ll 39.07 4 38.93 3,ll 39 4 40 3.06 40.07 4 39,93 3,06 40 4 41 3,02 41,07 4 40,93 3,02 41 4 42 2,97 42,07 4 41,93 2,97 42 4 43 2,92 43
37、,07 4 42.93 2,92 43 4 44 2,88 44,07 4 43,93 2.88 44 4 45 2,83 45,07 4 44,93 2,83 45 4 46 2,78 46,07 4 45.93 2,78 46 4 47 2,73 47.07 4 46,93 2,73 47 4 48 2,68 48,07 4 47,93 2,68 48 4 49 2.62 49,07 4 48,93 2,62 49 4 50 2.57 50,07 4 49,93 2,57 50 4 51 2.52 51,07 4 50,93 2,52 51 4 52 2.46 52,07 4 51,93
38、2,46 52 4 53 2,41 53,07 4 52,93 2,41 53 4 54 2,35 54,07 4 53,93 2,35 54 4 55 2,29 55,07 4 54,93 2,29 55 4 56 2,24 56,06 4 55,94 2,24 56 4 57 2,18 57,06 4 56.94 2.18 57 4 58 2.12 58,06 4 57,94 2.12 58 4 59 2,06 59,06 4 58,94 2,06 59 4 60 2 60,06 4 59,94 2 60 13 -,-,- IS0 7397-2:1993(E) Table A.5 - An
39、gle corrections for h variants from Table A.6 - Angle corrections for 6 variants from 61” to 90”with v at 4” inclined V 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 h a 61 I,94 61,06 62 I,88 62,06 63 1.81 63,06 64 I,75 64,06 65 1.69 65.05 66 1,63 66.05 67 I,56 67,05 68 1.5 68,05 69 I,
40、43 69.05 70 1.37 70,04 71 I,3 71,04 72 I,24 72,04 73 1.17 73,04 74 I,1 74,04 75 I,03 75,03 76 0.97 76.03 77 OS9 77,03 78 0083 78,03 79 0,76 79,03 80 0,69 80,02 81 0,63 81,02 82 0,56 82,02 83 0,49 83,02 84 0,42 84.01 85 0,35 85.01 86 0,28 86,Ol 87 0,21 87,Ol 88 0,14 88 89 0,07 89 90 0 90 Ilane lues i
41、n dearees 61” to 90with v at 4” inclined F V h u blane lues in degree B 4 60,94 1,94 61 4 61,94 I,88 62 4 62,94 1.81 63 4 63,95 I,75 64 4 64,95 I,69 65 4 65,95 I,63 66 4 66.95 I,56 67 4 67,95 I,5 68 4 68,95 I,43 69 4 69,96 1.37 70 4 70,96 I,3 71 4 71,96 1,24 72 4 72096 1.17 73 4 73,96 1.1 74 4 74,97
42、 I,03 75 4 75,97 0.97 76 4 76.97 0,9 77 4 77,97 0,83 78 4 78,97 0,76 79 4 79,98 0,69 80 4 80,98 0,63 81 4 81,98 0,56 82 4 82,98 0,49 83 4 83,99 0.42 84 4 84.99 0,35 85 4 85.99 0,28 86 4 86,99 0,21 87 4 88 0,14 88 4 89 0,07 89 1) 90 0 90 I) Not determined. 14 -,-,- IS0 7397-2:1993(E) Table A.7 - Angl
43、e corrections for h variants from 0 to 17” with v at 5” inclined plane Values in degree V 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 h 0 1 2 3 4 z i 9 10 11 1: 14 15 16 17 a B 5 0 5 1 5 2,Ol 4,99 3,Ol 4,99 4,02 4,98 5,02 4,97 6,02 4,96 703 4,95 8,03 4.94 9,03 4.92 10,04 4,91 11.04 4,89 12.04 4,87 13.05 4,8
44、5 14,05 4,83 15,05 4,81 16,06 4,78 17.06 Table A.9 - Angle corrections for h variants from Table A.10 - Angle corrections for jI variants 0 to 17” with v at 7” inclined plane from 0 to 17” with v at 7” inclined plane Values in degrees Values in degrees V 7 5 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 h 0 : 3 4 5
45、 6 ; 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 a 6 7 0 7 7 2.02 I,01 6,99 3,02 6,98 4,03 6,97 5,04 6,96 6,04 6,95 7,05 6,93 8,06 6,91 9,07 6,89 IO,07 6,87 II,08 6,85 12,09 6,82 13,09 6.79 14,l 6,76 15,ll 6.73 16.11 6,69 17,12 V 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 h CL 6 0 7 0 0,99 7 I,99 : 2,98 6.799 3 3,97 6.98 4
46、4,96 6,97 5 5,96 6,96 6 6,95 6,95 7 7.94 6.93 8 8,93 6,91 9 9,93 6,89 10 10.92 6,87 11 II,91 6,85 12 12,91 6,82 13 13,9 6,79 14 14,89 6,76 15 15,89 6,73 16,88 6,69 Table A.8 - Angle corrections for fl variants from 0 to 17” with v at 5” inclined plane Values in degrees V h CL B 5 0 5 0 5 1 5 5 I,99
47、5 : : 3,98 2,99 4,99 4,99 3 4 5 4,98 4,98 : 6,97 5,98 4,97 4,96 : 7 5 7.97 4,95 8 5 8.97 4,94 9 5 9,96 4,92 10 5 IO,96 4,91 11 5 II,96 4.89 12 5 12,95 4,87 13 5 13.95 4,85 14 5 14,95 4,83 15 5 15,94 4,81 16 5 16,94 4,78 171) 1) Upper external edge of area B, as defined in EEC Directive 781318 - Anne
48、x4. 1 I) Lower external edge of area B, as defined in EEC Directive 781318 - Annex4. 15 IS0 7397-2:1993(E) Annex B (informative) Bibliography l IS0 4130:1978, Road vehicles - Three- dimensional reference system and fiducial marks - Definitions. Z IS0 4513:1978, Road vehicles - Visibility - Method for establishment of eyellipses for drivers eye location. 3 IS0 6549:1980, Road vehicles - Procedure for H-point determination. 4 EEC Directive 78/318, Windscreen wiper and washer system. 16 -,-,- IS0 7397-2:1993