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1、 Reference number ISO 6506-3:2005(E) ISO 2005 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 6506-3 Second edition 2005-12-15 Metallic materials Brinell hardness test Part 3: Calibration of reference blocks Matriaux mtalliques Essai de duret Brinell Partie 3: talonnage des blocs de rfrence Copyright International Organ
2、ization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 03:27:49 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 6506-3:2005(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance
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5、Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2005 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this public
6、ation may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva
7、 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2005 All rights reserved Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 0
8、3:27:49 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 6506-3:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references1 3 Manufacture of reference blocks .1 4 Calibration machine 2 5 Calibration procedure .3 6 N
9、umber of indentations 3 7 Uniformity of hardness .4 8 Marking.4 9 Validity 5 Annex A (informative) Uncertainty of measurement of hardness reference blocks6 Bibliography9 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not
10、for Resale, 04/23/2007 03:27:49 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 6506-3:2005(E) iv ISO 2005 All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). T
11、he work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-go
12、vernmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
13、 The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a v
14、ote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 6506-3 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 164, Mechanical testing of metals, Subcomm
15、ittee SC 3, Hardness testing. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 6506-3:1999) which has been technically revised. ISO 6506 consists of the following parts, under the general title Metallic materials Brinell hardness test: Part 1: Test method Part 2: Verification and cali
16、bration of testing machines Part 3: Calibration of reference blocks Part 4: Table of hardness values Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 03:27:49 MDTNo reproduction or networking perm
17、itted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 6506-3:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved v Introduction Attention is drawn to the fact that in this part of ISO 6506, only the use of the hardmetal ball indenter is specified. The designation of the Brinell hardness is HBW and should not be confused with t
18、he former designation HB, or HBS when a steel ball indenter was used. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 03:27:49 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
19、-,-,- Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 03:27:49 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 6506-3:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rig
20、hts reserved 1 Metallic materials Brinell hardness test Part 3: Calibration of reference blocks 1 Scope This part of ISO 6506 specifies a method for the calibration of reference blocks to be used in the indirect verification of Brinell hardness testing machines as described in ISO 6506-2. 2 Normativ
21、e references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 376:2004, Metallic materials Cal
22、ibration of force-proving instruments used for verification of uniaxial testing machines ISO 4287, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) Surface texture: Profile method Terms, definitions and surface texture parameters ISO 6506-1:2005, Metallic materials Brinell hardness test Part 1: Test method
23、ISO 6506-2:2005, Metallic materials Brinell hardness test Part 2: Verification and calibration of testing machines 3 Manufacture of reference blocks 3.1 The block shall be specially manufactured for use as a hardness-reference block. NOTE Attention is drawn to the need to use a manufacturing process
24、 which will give the necessary homogeneity, stability of structure and uniformity of surface hardness. 3.2 Each metal block to be calibrated shall be of a thickness not less than: 16 mm for 10 mm balls; 12 mm for 5 mm balls; 6 mm for smaller balls. NOTE 12 mm for 10 mm balls may be used only if the
25、hardness of the reference block is greater than 150 HBW. 3.3 The reference blocks shall be free of magnetism. It is recommended that the manufacturer shall ensure that the blocks, if of steel, have been demagnetized at the end of the manufacturing process. Copyright International Organization for St
26、andardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 03:27:49 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 6506-3:2005(E) 2 ISO 2005 All rights reserved 3.4 The flatness of the two surfaces and the parallelism
27、of the reference block shall be in accordance with Table 1. Table 1 Requirements for the reference blocks Permissible surface roughness, Ra a m Diameter of ball mm Tolerance in flatness of the surfaces mm Tolerance in parallelism mm over 50 mm Test surface Bottom surface 10 5 1 2,0 1,5 1,0 NOTE For
28、a hardness value less than 200 HBW, the maximum permissible value of non-uniformity may be 2,0 %. 7.3 The determination of the uncertainty of measurement of hardness-reference blocks is given in Annex A. 8 Marking 8.1 Each reference block shall be marked with the following particulars: a) arithmetic
29、 mean of the hardness values found in the standardizing test, for example: 348 HBW 5/750; b) name or mark of the supplier or manufacturer; c) serial number; d) name or mark of the calibration agency; e) thickness of the block, or an identifying mark on the test surface (see 3.6); f) year of calibrat
30、ion, if not indicated in the serial number. 8.2 Any mark put on the side of the block shall be upright when the test surface is the upper face. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 03:
31、27:49 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 6506-3:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved 5 8.3 Each delivered reference block shall be accompanied by a document giving at least the following information: a) a reference to this part of ISO 6506; b) the identity
32、of the block; c) the date of calibration; d) the arithmetic mean of the hardness values and the value characterizing the non-uniformity of the block (see 7.1); e) information about the location of the reference indentation and the orientation of its measured diameters, together with the mean measure
33、d diameter. 9 Validity The hardness-reference block is only valid for the scale for which it was calibrated. The calibration validity should be limited to a duration of five years. Attention is drawn to the fact that, for Al- and Cu-alloys, the calibration validity could be reduced to two - three ye
34、ars. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 03:27:49 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 6506-3:2005(E) 6 ISO 2005 All rights reserved Annex A (
35、informative) Uncertainty of the mean hardness value of hardness-reference blocks The metrological chain necessary to define and disseminate hardness scales is shown in Figure C.1 in ISO 6506-1:2005. A.1 Direct verification of the hardness-calibration machine A.1.1 Calibration of the test force See I
36、SO 6506-2:2005, Annex A. A.1.2 Calibration of the optical measuring device See ISO 6506-2:2005, Annex A. A.1.3 Verification of the indenter See ISO 6506-2:2005, Annex A. A.1.4 Verification of the test cycle See ISO 6506-2:2005, Annex A. A.2 Indirect calibration of the hardness-calibration machine NO
37、TE In this annex, the index “CRM (Certified Reference Material)” means, according to the definitions of the hardness testing standards, “Hardness Reference Block”. By the indirect verification with primary hardness-reference blocks, the overall function of the hardness- calibration machine is checke
38、d and the repeatability as well as the deviation of the hardness-calibration machine from the actual hardness value are determined. The uncertainty of measurement of the indirect calibration of the hardness-calibration machine follows from the equation: 2222 CMCRM PCRM 1CRM Dmsx uuuuu =+ (A.1) where
39、 uCRM-P is the calibration uncertainty of the primary hardness-reference block according to the calibration certificate for k = 1; u-xCRM-1 is the repeatability of the hardness-calibration machine; uCRM-D is the hardness change of the primary hardness-reference block since its last calibration due t
40、o drift; ums is the standard uncertainty due to the resolution of the optical measuring device. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 03:27:49 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted
41、 without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 6506-3:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved 7 EXAMPLE Primary hardness-reference block: (591,7 3,6) HBW 2,5/187,5 Uncertainty of measurement of the primary hardness-reference block uCRM-1 = 1,8 HBW 2,5/187,5 Time drift of the primary hardness-reference block uCRM-
42、D = 0 Resolution of the measuring device ms = 0,1 m Table A.1 Results of the indirect verification Number Measured indentation diameter, d mm Calculated hardness value, H HBW 1 0,630 5max 591,4min 2 0,630 0 592,3 3 0,629 5min 593,3max 4 0,629 7 592,9 5 0,629 5 593,3 Mean value H 0,629 8 592,6 Standa
43、rd deviation sxCRM1 0,000 42 0,81 HBW: Brinell hardness CRM 1 CRM 1 0 41 x x t s u, n = (A.2) (t = 1,14 for n = 5) Table A.2 Budget of uncertainty of measurement Quantity Xi Estimated value xi Standard uncertainty of measurement u(xi) Distribution typeSensitivity coefficient ci Uncertainty contribut
44、ion ui(H) HBW UCRM-1 591,7 HBW 1,8 HBW Normal 1,0 1,80 uxCRM-1 0 HBW 0,41 HBW Normal 1,0 0,41 ums 0,1 m 0,2 m Rectangular 1 909,2 HBW/mm a 0,06 uCRM-D 0 HBW 0 HBW Triangular 1,0 0 Combined uncertainty of measurement uCM 1,85 HBW: Brinell hardness a The sensitivity coefficient follows from: 22 22 HHD
45、Dd dd Dd + = (A.3) for H = 591,7 HBW, D = 2,5 mm, d = 0,630 0 mm. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 03:27:49 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,
46、- ISO 6506-3:2005(E) 8 ISO 2005 All rights reserved A.3 Uncertainty of measurement of hardness-reference blocks The uncertainty of measurement of hardness-reference blocks follows from the equation 22 CRMCMCRM 2x uuu =+ (A.4) where uCRM is the calibration uncertainty of hardness-reference blocks; ux
47、CRM-2 is the standard deviation due to the inhomogeneity of the hardness distribution of the hardness- reference block; uCM see Equation (A.1). Table A.3 Determination of the inhomogeneity of the hardness-reference block Number Measured indentation diameter, d mm Calculated hardness value, H HBW 1 0,630 4max 591,01min 2 0,630 1 591,6 3 0,629 4min 592,92max 4 0,629 6 592,53 5 0,629 7 592,34 Mean value H 0,629 8 592,08 Standard deviation sxCRM-2 0,000 40 0,77 Standard uncertainty of CRM: CRM 2 CRM 2 x x t s u n = (A.5) with t = 1,14 and n = 5: uxCRM-2 = 0,39