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1、International Standard Plain bearings - Metallic multilayer plain bearings - Part 2 : Destructive testing of bond for bearing metal layer thicknesses 2 mm Paliers lisses - Paliers lisses mktalliques multicouches - Partie 2 : Dktermination, par essai destructif, de l adhkrence du matkiau antifriction
2、 d kpaisseur 2 mm First edition - 1982-02-01 z g UDC 669.018.24-419 : 620.172/.173 Ref. No. IS0 4386/2-1982 (E) Descriptors : bearings, plain bearings, bearing alloys, bounding, tests, mechanical tests, adhesion tests, tension tests, compression tests, destructive tests, dimensions, dimensional tole
3、rances. Price based on 4 pages Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/27/2007 23:12:05 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Foreword IS0 (th
4、e International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards institutes (IS0 member bodies). The work of developing Inter- national Standards is carried out through IS0 technical committees. Every member body interested in a subject for which a technical committe
5、e has been set up has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for approval bef
6、ore their acceptance as International Standards by the IS0 Council. International Standard IS0 438612 was developed by Technical Committee ISO/TC 123, Plain bearings, and was circulated to the member bodies in March 1979. It has been approved by the member bodies of the following countries : Bulgari
7、a Italy Spain Chile Korea, Rep. of Sweden Czechoslovakia Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Turkey Egypt, Arab Rep. of Netherlands United Kingdom France New Zealand USA Germany, F. R. Poland USSR India South Africa, Rep. of No member body expressed disapproval of the document. 0 International Organization for S
8、tandardization, 1982 0 Printed in Switzerland Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/27/2007 23:12:05 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- I
9、NTERNATIONAL STANDARD IS0 4366/2-1962 (E) Plain bearings - Metallic multilayer plain bearings - Part 2 : Destructive testing of bond for bearing metal layer thicknesses 2 mm 1 Scope and field of application This part of IS0 4383 specifies a method of test for the deter- mination of the bond strength
10、 between the bearing metal and the backing. The test can be applied to multilayer plain bearings with backings of steel, cast iron, or copper alloys and with bearing metals based on lead, tin, copper, or aluminium with layer thicknesses of 2 mm. The test is suitable for production control as well as
11、 for com- parative investigations into the influence on the bond strength of various processes and types of material. For non-destructive ultrasonic testing of the bond between bearing metal and backing for bearing metal layer thicknesses 2 mm, see IS0 43%/I. 2 Reference IS0 4381, Plain bearings - L
12、ead and tin casting alloys for multila yer plain bearings. 3 Definition During the compressive or tensile tests carried out vertically to the bond surface, the bond strength R,l) in newtons per square millimetre is the quotient of the maximum force Fmax in newtons and the bond surface A in square mi
13、llimetres of the specimen. F R max Ch =- A 4 Test equipment Compressive or tensile testing machine with apparatus in ac- cordance with figures 2 or 3. NOTE - Within 5 years it shall be decided which of the two testing machines is to be preferred. By means of careful adjustment of the apparatus, it s
14、hall be en- sured that the force is acting vertically to the bond surface in order to avoid incorrect measurements. 5 Specimen preparation Specimens from a journal bearing (curved sliding surface) or a thrust bearing (plane sliding surface) are manufactured in accordance with the table. Care has to
15、be taken at the shoulders adjacent to the joint of the specimen that the bond surface is unencumbered for 0,l mm at the inside as well as at the outside of the bearing as shown in figure 1. 6 Operation The apparatus as shown in figure 2 or 3 is mounted on the com- pressive or tensile testing machine
16、 in such a way that the force acts vertically to the bond surface. Subsequently, the specimen is locked into the apparatus. The force is steadily increased un- til the specimen fractures. The maximum force is read from the testing apparatus. The increase in stress should be at about IO N/mmz.s. 1) T
17、he subscript Ch refers to the test method proposed by Chalmers. 1 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/27/2007 23:12:05 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without lice
18、nse from IHS -,-,- IS0 4386/2-1982 (E) Table - Dimensions and tolerances (see figures 1, 2 and 3) Dimensions in millimetres Journal bearing Inner diameter of the bearing 4 200 Test surface mm2 zz 100 200 Journal and thrust bearing Specimen Apparatus 4 4 4 4 d6 4 da f 0.01 f 0.01 + 0.1 + 0,l 0 0 $1 1
19、9.58 16 8,1 29 19,7 15,9 M8 28,82 24 12,l 38 29 23,9 Ml2 NOTES 1 For journal bearings, the inner diameter dl is the critical parameter for selection of dimensions for the specimen and apparatus. For thrust bearings, a test surface of 100 mm2 or 200 mm2 may be chosen as desired. 2 Details not indicat
20、ed are to be chosen accordingly. Dimensions in millimetres Backing I- I Bearing metal LBond surface = test surface b- I Figure 1 - Specimen (from a journal bearing) 2 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9
21、972545001 Not for Resale, 04/27/2007 23:12:05 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- IS0 4386/2-1982 (E) Dimensions in millimetres Easily displaceable on base plate Figure 2 - Example of apparatus - . . .,. Specimen- i. F Figure 3 - Example of apparatus for the ten
22、sile test (Tl 3 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/27/2007 23:12:05 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- IS0 4386/2-1982 (El 7 Evaluatio
23、n With the aid of the maximum force F, found necessary to tear the bearing metal away from the backing in the region of the bond surface, the bond strength RCh is to be determined according to the equation in clause 3. Specimens are only evaluated when the fracture has occurred in the bond surface o
24、r in the bearing metal. Existing bond defects have to be noted. The characteristic limiting value of layer thickness for the ab- solute bond strength is a property of the bearing metal. The thickness of the bearing metal layer as from which the ab- solute bond strength is measured, is included in IS
25、0 4381 for standardized Pb and Sn alloys. This value must be determined for all alloys in a series of tests with different thicknesses of the bearing material layers. NOTE - For layer thicknesses of the bearing metal above the characteristic limiting value, the bond strength is independent of the la
26、yer thickness and is termed absolute bond strength whereas, for layer thicknesses below this limiting value, it has been established ex- perimentally that it drops linearly to the value zero and, in this range, is termed relative bond strength (see figure 4). This gives rise to the evaluation proced
27、ure : a) layer thickness limiting value The value found is compared directly with the absolute value of the bond strength. b) layer thickness limiting value As shown in figure 4 as an example, the value found is converted into the real value of the bond strength and compared with the ab- solute valu
28、e of the bond strength. Limiting value 1 1 C 8 Designation With reference to this part of IS0 4386, the tensile test (represented by T) is to be indicated in the following order, for example for a test surface of 100 mm2 : Test IS0 4366 - T 100 9 Test report A test report on the result of the test i
29、s (by agreement) to be drawn up. In the test report the following are to be indicated : a) a reference to this part of IS0 4386; b) number of specimens; c) dimensions and materials of the plain bearing; d) layer thickness of the bearing metal for the test; e) test surface used; f) maximum force appl
30、ied until fracture of the specimen; g) description of the condition of the fractured surface; h) bond strength determined; j) test conditions; k) bearing manufacturer, date of test. Absolute bond strength RCh2 = Value of the absolute bond strength determined graphically y !?Chl = Measured value in t
31、he range of the relative bond strength Thickness of bearing metal layer v Figure 4 - Principle curve of the bond strength as a function of the thickness of the bearing metal layer Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/27/2007 23:12:05 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,-