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1、INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 9184-3 First edition 1990-12-15 Paper, board and pulps - Fibre furnish analysis - Part 3: Herzberg staining test Papier, carton et piites - Determination de la composition tibreuse - Partie 3: Coloration de Herzberg Reference number ISO 9184-3: 199O(E) Copyright International
2、Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/26/2007 19:23:32 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 9184-3:199O(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Sta
3、ndardization) is a worldwide federation of national Standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Esch member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the righ
4、t to be represented on that committee. International organizations, govern- mental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft Intern
5、ational Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an lnter- national Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. International Standard ISO 9184-3 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 6, Pap
6、er, board and pulps. ISO 9184 consists of the following Parts, under the general title Paper, board and pulps - Fibre furnish analysis: - Part 1: Genera/ method - Part 2: Staining guide - Part 3: Herzberg staining test - Part 4: Graff “C” staining test - Part 5: Lofton-Merritt staining test (modikat
7、ion of Wisbar) - Part 6: Weight factors by fibre coarseness method - Part 7: Weight factors by comparison method Part 1 gives general instructions for the Performance of frbre furnish analysis. lt should be used in conjunction with the staining guide (see part 2) and the staining tests (see Parts 3
8、to 5). Additional Parts of this International Standard will be published if re- quired by the development of new kinds of fibres or new staining tests. Annex A of this patt of ISO 9184 is for information only. 0 ISO 1990 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized
9、in any ferm or by any means, electronie or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permisslon in writing from the publisher. International Organization for Standardization Case Postale 56 l CH-121 1 Geneve 20 l Switzerland Prlnted in Switzerland ii Copyright International Organizat
10、ion for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/26/2007 19:23:32 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 9184=3:1990(E) Paper, board and pulps - Fibre furnish
11、 analysis - Part 3: Herzberg staining test 1 Scope This patt of ISO 9184 specifies the preparation, use and colour reactions of Herzberg stain in fibre fur- nish analysis. lt should be used in conjunction with ISO 9184-1 and, if necessary, with other staining tests defined in ISO 9184-2. The Herzber
12、g staining test is applicable to the qualitative and quantitative differentiation between Chemical, mechanical and rag pulps. The stain also permits the qualitative identification of semi- Chemical pulp as weil as the differentiation between regenerated cellulose fibres (viscose, etc.) and syn- thet
13、ic fibres. 2 Normative reference The following Standard contains provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of ISO 9184. At the time of publication, the edition indicated was valid. All Standards are subject to revision, and Parties to agreements based on th
14、is part of ISO 9184 are encouraged to investi- gate the possibility of applying the most recent edi- tion of the Standard indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 9184-13990, Paper, board and pulps - Fibre furnish analysis - Part 1: G
15、eneral method. 3 Principle Fibres are stained with Herzberg stain and exam- ined under the microscope. 4 Reagents CAUTION - Some of the components used in pre- paring this stafn are toxic. The stain should be pre- pared and handled in keeping with safe laboratory practice. Use only reagents of recog
16、nized analytical grade and distilled water or water of equivalent purity. 4.1 Zinc chloride Solution, saturated at room tem- perature. Add zinc chloride (ZnCl,) to about 100 ml of warm water until an undissolved residue remains. Allow to cool to room temperature and check that some zinc chloride cry
17、stallizes. Store in a brown reagent bottle. The Solution is stable. 4.2 lodine solution. Mix 2,l g of potassium iodide (Kl) and 0,l g of iodine (12). Add 5 ml of water dropwise to the mixture by mean of a pipette, with constant stirring. Dissolution of the iodine into a minimum quantity of water is
18、important, because potassium iodide is the solvent for iodine. If some iodine remains undissolved - probably because the water was added too rapidly - discard the Solution. 4.3 Herzberg stain. Mix 15 ml of the zinc chloride Solution (4.1) 1 ml of water and the whole of the iodine Solution (4.2). Al-
19、 low to stand at least 6 h so that any precipitate formed settles. Decant the clear Solution into a brown dropper bottle and add a flake of iodine. Keep in the dark when not in use. Fresh stain should be made every 2 months. Before using the fresh stain, check it on known fi- bres. Cotton frbres sho
20、uld stain wine-red. A bluish 1 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/26/2007 19:23:32 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 9184-3:1990(
21、E) colour indicates that the Solution is too strong and ISO 9184-1, on the basis of the colour developed by should be diluted with a very small Portion of water. the Herzberg stain (see table 1). Fibres of Chemical pulp should stain blue to bluish- violet. A reddish colour is a sign that the zinc ch
22、lor- ide concentration is too low. Adjust by adding a few crystals of zinc chloride. 5 Procedure 5.1 Staining Stain the fibres by applying 2 to 3 drops of the Herzberg stain (4.3) on the fibre slide prepared in accordance with ISO 9184-1. 5.2 Determination Place the stained fibre slide under the mic
23、roscope and examine using a magnification of x 40 to x 120. Identify and count the fibres in accordance with The shade of the blue colour obtained with Chemical pulp fibres depends on the pulping process and the degree of delignification; incompletely delignifed fi- bres have a yellow shade. The col
24、ours obtained with Herzberg stain are un- stable. The blue colour of Chemical pulp fibres gradually becomes darker; the yellow colour of me- chanical pulp fibres assumes a greyish hue. NOTE 1 In addition to the main colours obtained, there are other features that may help in fibre furnish analysis.
25、Herzberg stain may be used to indicate the presence of softwood sulfite fibres by virtue of the fact that the pitch content of ray cells is stained yellow. 6 Expression of results and test report Express and report the results in accordance with ISO 9184-1. Table 1 - Colour chart for Herzberg stain
26、Type of pulp Colour Chemical pulp (wood, straw, esparto, etc.) Blue, bluish-violetl) Mechanical pulp (wood, straw, jute, etc.) Yellow RW Pulp (cotton, linen, hemp, rarnie, etc.) Semi-Chemical and chemi-mechanical pulp Wine-red Dull blue, dull yellow, mottled blue and yellow Regenerated cellulose fib
27、res (viscose etc.) Dark bluish-violet Cellulose acetate fibres Yellow Synthetic fibres Colourless to brownish-yellow 1) Raw softwood kraft pulp at a yield of about 60 % Shows a dark yellow colour. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO License
28、e=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/26/2007 19:23:32 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 918403:1990(E) Annex A (informative) Bibliography 1 LIEBERT, E.: Die Mikroskopie des Papiers und seiner Rohstoffe. Freund, H. (Herausg.): Handbuch
29、 der Mikroskopie in der Technik, Bd. V, Teil 2, Umschau Verlag, Frankfurt a.M. 1951, pp. 643-644. 2 Fiber analysis of paper and paperboard. TAPP1 Test Method T 401, om-88. C3 L-4 GRAFF, J.H.: A Color Atlas for Fiber identifi- cation. The Institute of Paper Chemistry, Appleton, WI, 1940, Plate 1. MAD
30、DOX, H.A.: Pulp Paper Mag. Can. 15 (1917): May 3, pp. 435-437. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/26/2007 19:23:32 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license
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32、-,- This page intentionally left blank Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/26/2007 19:23:32 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 9184
33、=3:1990(E) UDC 676.1 L2.014 Descriptors: Paper, paperboards, Paper pulps, tests, determination, composition (property), fibres. Price based on 3 pages Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/26/2007 19:23:32 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,-